Have you documented the project you developed? See how foreigners do it. Friends who want to participate in project management, please come and have a look

hanker510

Have you documented the project you developed? See how foreigners do it. Friends who want to participate in project management, please come and have a look [Copy link]

Business trip report Introduction I was on a business trip to the Swedish Research Institute from August 24th to October 22nd, for a period of two months. Here I would like to review and summarize the work situation, hoping that it will be of some help to my future work and development of my products. Task completion status This visit to the Swedish institute is mainly to carry out the XXX TR1/TR2 stage of work. We hope to use the experience and capabilities of foreign experts and consultants to help us improve the design level of XXX products and improve the competitiveness of our XXX products. At the same time, by working with foreign experts, we can learn their good working methods and working habits. During the stay in Sweden, the main tasks completed are as follows: XXX TR1/TR2 phase work (1) Product package requirement (offering requirement) (2) Product requirement (product requirement) (3) Roman]PR-MRproduct requirement partitioning table(4Feasibility analysis report(feasibility study/case study)(5Product design specification2Other work Participated in the internal standards, specifications, Roman]checklistCommunication and review among team members. Completed the European power grid survey reportExchanged design specifications of macro base station power supply with foreign experts Although there were differences in language communication and working methods between us and foreign experts, through the efforts of the entire project team, we finally completed the TR1/TR2work tasks of our XXXproduct within the planned time. In the past, the design OR demand for our products was relatively weak. Some products had no demand at all, or were just described in 5 to 6 simple sentences. This time, with the help of the foreign experts' previous experience in writing product requirements, we completed the product requirements in a comprehensive and systematic manner, which provided good guidance and reference for our future product requirements analysis, enabled us to clearly know what content the new product requirements should focus on, and made future marketing research more targeted. Work Summary 1, Language Although I had memorized Successful English for more than ten days before the business trip, I still had a lot of problems communicating in English during the first week of my work in Sweden. I could only understand half of what I heard, and I had to guess the rest. My English expression was even worse, it was simply incoherent, not to mention grammar. The foreigner could only keep saying to mepardon,pardon? The situation has finally improved greatly since the third week. The listening ability has improved greatly. Although I can't understand every word, I can already understand what they want to express. As for language expression, I can already speak English as soon as I open my mouth. Although there are still many grammatical errors, with some body language, the foreigners can already understand what we want to express. A foreigner often said to me I didn't understand you clear, but I know what you mean. By the second month, if the foreigner still couldn't understand what we said in English, we would joke that their English level was too poor and they couldn't even understand what we said in English. Haha... For these Swedish experts, English is not their mother tongue, and sometimes they even believe it. The company is developing towards internationalization, and overseas has become an important market for us. Whether it is marketing personnel or developers, English must be mastered. This has been particularly evident in the past two years. The market bids received by our R&D personnel are basically in English. Without a good level of English, it is difficult to understand the bids, let alone write bid replies. Therefore, it is recommended that the company can provide some guidance in these aspects, provide more opportunities, and use short-term foreign language training as a reward for outstanding employees. This incentive effect should be much better than issuing the same bonus. 2Working style/Working habits Compared with language problems, the difference in working style and habits is the biggest problem we encounter when working with foreign experts. When foreigners do design, they attach great importance to methodology and goals: What is the input? What is the output? What model to use? Related impact analysis? Is the investment return analysis worth it? Foreigners attach great importance to input and must obtain information from all aspects to figure out the application scenarios of the product. In fact, this is a process of understanding the needs. Then, according to the determined needs, they will step by step organize the needs, decompose functions, divide modules, map logic and physics, build platforms, verify models, etc. . . The things made by foreigners rarely need to be reworked or wasted. Their output can basically serve as the basis for subsequent work, without the need to constantly modify or even overturn and start over. That is, before proceeding to the next stage of work, it is required to complete the previous stage of work and provide high-quality input for the next stage of work to ensure that the work of each stage is continuous and correct, so as to ensure that things can be done well in one go. However, we often deal with things in order to catch up with the progress. Although we provide output within the progress requirements, the output quality is not ideal. The project leader seems to be accustomed to thinking that it has passed and starts to rush to the next stage of work. We still lack a sense of responsibility at work; after we design the product, we find that there are a lot of problems with the product we designed, so we have to go back and recheck and modify it. In a nutshell, we lack the working method and working habit of getting things done well in one go. Although the time for the prototype of the product we designed may be earlier than that of foreigners, the time for the product to stabilize is much later than that of foreigners. Just like building a house, we always find that the house is tilted after we build it to the top floor. We have to either tear it down and rebuild it, or spend a lot of manpower and material resources to find a way to straighten the house. Why bother? In fact, we have a very good development guidance process, but our relevant personnel have not strictly required themselves to follow the process. I think each of us should deepen our understanding of the process, strictly follow the process regulations and improve our sense of responsibility. Don't always think that following the process is too mechanical and inflexible. International large companies should be mechanized. Mechanized working methods can minimize the probability of making mistakes. In addition, it is to strengthen the review and monitoring of each stage to ensure the output quality of each stage. Our output at each stage is like a rusty iron pipe. When we build an iron frame with the iron pipes of each stage, we will find that the iron frame is not strong because it is already rusty. We have to paint these rusty iron pipes, but no matter how thick the paint is, it still cannot avoid rusting inside, nor can it make it strong. If we strictly control the output at each stage, we can clearly say that you must output a stainless steel pipe at this stage. If you output an iron pipe, you will not get paid. Only when our output at each stage is stainless steel, can our final product be strong and rust-free. 3, standards, specifications, guidelines, checklist Our company has a lot of various specifications, guidelines, and checklists, but they have not formed a complete system, nor have they clearly defined the relationship between these documents and their main functions. There is a lack of cohesion between the various specifications and guidelines, just like a pile of loose sand. Often, when designing a product, one specification is considered, but another specification requirement is forgotten, resulting in a lack of systematicity and comprehensiveness in product design. Later, we need to consider and plan these document systems from the perspective of the entire company so that they can be linked together to form a complete system. We need to classify and define these specifications and guidelines in detail, what are standards, specifications, guidelines, and checklists, what standards and specifications we need, and what are their respective functions. In addition, I would like to add that the foreign experts who wrote the standards believe that checklists are mainly used to review the high-level design of the system, such as whether any measures are taken in the system design to ensure that the system's EMI indicators meet the XXX standard requirements of the product's target market; while the checklists we have now are all for low-level design, such as whether a fuse is designed at the input end of the board, whether the high-frequency filter capacitors are all located at the pin ends of the chip, etc. Of course, this is caused by the different nature of the company. The engineers in the company they worked for before were very experienced. For such basic requirements of low-level design, they did not need a checklist to guide them. However, there are too many new employees in our company. Although we have many guidelines and specifications, our employees are not used to reading the specifications before working. They can only avoid such low-level design errors through a low-level checklist. However, judging from this information, we still lack a high-level design system-level checklist.In the future, we hope to have this high-level design checklist to guide and constrain the system design of our products. 4, professionalism and professional ethics It is said that foreigners have an easy job and do not need to work overtime, but this is not entirely true. Foreigners like to sit down and drink coffee and chat with a group of people after working for one or two hours. The working atmosphere is very relaxed, with a combination of work and rest, and they basically do not work overtime, but they will work overtime very late when necessary. When our project was in the final stage, in order to meet our product development progress requirements, several foreigners worked overtime very consciously. If they know that they have something to do in the evening and need to go home after get off work and cannot work overtime, then they will arrive at the company very early in the morning. A system engineer XXX who worked with us arrived at the office to work at 03:30 in the early morning one day. When the project was finished, several foreigners had black eyes. 5. Case study/feasibility study This is a very important and very good job. It is mainly completed after the product alternative concept is determined and before the product design specification is written. The output of the feasibility analysis can be used as the input for the writing of the product design specification. Although the feasibility analysis is a high-level system analysis, it is very specific. The analysis content covers all subsystems and functional units, as well as different professional fields. A major difference between the work of foreigners and ours is in this point. Before writing the system specification, they have already analyzed the system in detail. This analysis ensures the comprehensiveness of the system analysis of the product and the feasibility of the design solution. Through this feasibility analysis, the system specifications are very clear, and it is easy to write the product development specification. Moreover, this analysis can ensure the commonality of existing modules as much as possible, because in the analysis process, the use of existing modules or components has been considered as much as possible. We used to only conduct a simple analysis of the product alternatives, and most of the analysis was not documented and the analysis was not comprehensive. This incomplete and incomplete analysis leads to a lot of uncertainty in the later work, and it is very likely that the previous conclusions will be overturned in the later stage, or it will be discovered in the later stage that many ready-made components or modules cannot be used due to structural installation layout or power supply reasons, so new development is required. This way of working greatly reduces the commonality of our existing modules or components. Taking XXX as an example, the basic analysis content of case study can be summarized as follows: 5.1 System analysis (1) System architecture (2) Dimensions/layout of each unit module (3) Subsystem division 4) Shared boards/modules/components 5) Newly developed boards/modules/components 6) Interface relationships between subsystems 5.2 System function analysis 1.) Cold start 2.) Hot start 3.) System configuration 4.) System test 5.) System upgrade 6.) System function management 7.) System fault management 5.3 Structural Analysis 1 IP Protection Analysis 2 Machine Engineering Installability Analysis 3 Weight Analysis 4 Dimension Analysis 5 Transmission Space Analysis 6) System duct design analysis （7) Battery cavity design （8) Inlet and outlet line space and port analysis （9) Mounting base structure analysis 5.4 Wiring/Wiring analysis （1) Power wiring/Wiring analysis 2) Signal Line Wiring/Wiring Analysis 3) RF Signal Line Wiring/Wiring Analysis 5.5 System Power Supply Analysis 1) Machine Power Requirement Analysis 2) User Power Interface Analysis 3) Analysis of different AC input standards 4) Analysis of power system output power 5) Analysis of built-in battery capacity and backup time 6) Analysis of external battery capacity and backup time 7) AC power distribution 8) DC power distribution 9) Battery Management 10) User Equipment Power Supply Analysis 11) Power Supply Related Protection Functions 5.6 EMC Design Analysis 1) Machine EMC Design Analysis (including EMC division of each area and shielding level, etc.) Roman]2)ModuleEMIDesign Analysis （3)CableEMIDesign Analysis 5.7 Temperature Control System Analysis （1)Feasibility Analysis of Temperature Control System Design （2)Noise Index Analysis 5.8 Thermal design analysis(1) Whole machine thermal design simulation and analysis(2) Heat dissipation design of each frame/module5.9 Installability/maintainability(1) On-site installation (how to install, whether it is convenient, how much floor space is occupied, etc.) 2. Front maintenance analysis (whether all replaceable parts support front maintenance, whether maintenance is convenient, etc.) 3. Maintenance interfaces that need to be provided 5.10 Lightning protection and grounding analysis 1 AC input lightning protection design 2 DC output lightning protection design 3 Lightning protection design for signal cables and RF cables entering and leaving the cabinet 4 Lightning protection design for each module/unit 5 System grounding design （6）Module grounding design Feelings 1. Cultivate good working methods and habits After working with foreigners in Sweden, I have some feelings. It is not that the professional and technical level of foreigners is much higher than ours. On the contrary, if we sit down together to take professional knowledge exams, maybe our test scores will be higher than theirs. But when we really make products, the gap between us and foreigners is revealed. They work in an orderly manner, and the systematic and comprehensive products they make are much better than ours. Why is this so? I think it is mainly a problem of working methods and habits. They have formed a set of good working methods, and have solidified this good working method into a habit. When they work, they only need to work according to this habit. In fact, each of us knows what kind of working method is a good method, but we don't strictly require ourselves, let alone upgrade good working methods into working habits. We still need to learn more in this regard. 2, Demand We have discussed a lot about demand, but many problems are still repeatedly raised in different versions and different stages. This shows that we still don't have a good solution or have not implemented these methods well. Of course, this requires concerted efforts from top to bottom. What is demand? What is the source of demand? What is the purpose of demand? What changes may there be in demand? How to control demand changes? How to deal with demand changes? What are customer needs and which are our internal needs? How to sort out product needs from the complex original needs? What are requirements, specifications, and implementations? How to distinguish requirements, design specifications, and implementations? What are the implicit needs of customers? How to discover the implicit needs of users? How to ensure the completeness of requirements and the accuracy of understanding? These questions run through the entire process of our requirements analysis. Each of us who participates in system requirements analysis must ask ourselves these questions from time to time, and they also need to be solved through communication and discussion. It is not only the demand analysts who need to consider these issues, but also our designers and implementers. We should ask more questions, try to obtain detailed information, and reduce the distortion of information transmission. I think the following aspects are worth considering: （1Come from the customers, go to the customers, communicate with relevant interest groups, and do a good job of collecting, sorting and understanding customer needs. R&D personnel should also go to customers and production more often to truly understand customer needs. The result of closed-door development is that customer needs cannot be met. Some of our system analysts now don’t even know what the physical products they have developed look like, so how can they talk about experience summary and self-improvement? （2Form a demand baseline. Regardless of the size of the system, you can form a demand baseline in different categories. For example: for similar products, you can form a baseline requirement for the product; for a category of products, you can form testability and maintainability. ... . . Multiple demand baselines. In this way, each of our demand analysis is based on a certain baseline. Once a virtuous cycle is formed, it can not only improve efficiency but also ensure quality. This is also a reflection of the platform-based thinking. At present, we have indeed established such an engineering design demand baseline, but the current demand baseline does not play a significant guiding role, and these baseline requirements have not formed a closed loop, and there is no dedicated person to maintain and track the baseline requirements. 3, Documentation All process analyses must be documented. We have a serious problem now. People don't like to write documents. For the implementation plan, usually a person in charge thinks about how to implement it in his head, and then discusses it with a few relevant people by email or phone. There may not even be meeting materials or meeting minutes. But foreigners are not like this. They attach great importance to documents. They think that what a person thinks in his head is not clear and comprehensive. Sometimes the plan that he thinks is correct may actually have fatal flaws. They require that the ideas in his mind must be documented to effectively avoid this problem. In the process of writing documents, you can more effectively and further organize your original thoughts. You can find many problems in the process of writing documents. In addition, documents should use more charts and try to use less wasteful words. The system engineer who worked with us drew fifty or sixty pictures in the system architecture analysis. Even if you can't understand the English he wrote, we can clearly guide the system architecture of the entire product from the pictures. 5 Other feelings 1.Traffic The communication rules in Sweden truly implement the principle of protecting the weak. There are many zebra crossings for pedestrians on the roads in the city, and many zebra crossings do not have traffic lights. However, as long as there are pedestrians who want to cross the road at the zebra crossing, the vehicles will slow down or stop and wait for the pedestrians to cross the road first. Another point is that vehicles on the main road have the right to pass first, and vehicles on the side roads must wait for the vehicles on the straight road to pass before turning onto the straight road. In addition, the roads in Sweden are generally crooked because some of their land is privately owned. In order not to occupy private land, the government has to build crooked roads when building roads. 2. Supermarkets There are no vegetable markets in Sweden, only supermarkets. And supermarkets here do not require you to mail your parcels before entering. As long as you are willing, you can carry a large sack into the supermarket and no one will say anything. 3. Environment Stockholm has a very good environment. There is basically no agriculture. There are woods and grasslands everywhere. A lawn mower can make a natural and excellent football field. No wonder Sweden has a small population (8.5 million), but football is relatively developed. The air is very good, and you can often see rainbows after it rains. In such an environment, people are less impetuous. It's just that Sweden lacks sunshine at the end of the year, which means that Swedes are prone to calcium deficiency at this time. 4. Honesty No one checks tickets on the subway, no police or traffic police on the road, no grandpa or grandma with red armbands, and no group of old ladies staring at you like plainclothes police in the supermarket. But everything here is so orderly, the management system is like a still water undercurrent, people can't feel its existence, and everything is under control, maybe it's close to ruling by doing nothing. All the premises are based on the quality and honesty of the people. Here everyone puts honesty first. Of course, if you violate this honesty system, you will not only receive a high fine, but also affect your future life. For example, if you lose your credit on a credit card, no bank will apply for a credit card for you. If you steal company information, no company will hire you. For the rest of your life, you will have to clean the house or go shopping. (If there is any copyright issue, please contact us to delete it immediately)

[ This post was last edited by hanker510 on 2010-1-14 12:50 ]

fish001

Originally posted by hanker510 on 2010-1-14 12:44 Introduction to Business Trip Report I was on a business trip to the Swedish Research Institute from August 24 to October 22 for a period of 2 months. Here I will review and summarize the work situation, hoping that it will be of some help to my future work and the development of the product. Task completion status This visit to the Swedish Research Institute was mainly...

Although it is very vivid, I don’t know if it is necessary. After all, such in-depth daily life is not part of the work.

richiefang

You can tell it's from Huawei...it's full of Huawei terminology

hanker510

Foreigners attach great importance to documents. They believe that what a person thinks in his head is not clear and comprehensive. Sometimes, the solution that he thinks is correct may actually have fatal flaws. They require that the ideas in his mind must be documented to effectively avoid such problems. In the process of writing documents, you can more effectively and further organize your original thoughts. You can find many problems in the process of writing documents. In addition, documents should use more charts and try to use less wasteful words. The system engineer who worked with us drew fifty or sixty pictures in the system architecture analysis. Even if we can't understand the English he wrote, we can clearly guide the system architecture of the entire product from the pictures. "

clark

Originally posted by hanker510 on 2010-1-14 16:12 Foreigners attach great importance to documents. They believe that what a person thinks in his head is not clear and comprehensive. Sometimes, the solution that he thinks is correct may actually have fatal flaws. They require that the ideas in his mind must be documented to effectively avoid such problems. The process of writing documents...

Diagrams are a universal language, and more and more people want to see diagrams. Some forums have even turned the rules of asking questions into diagrams. I don’t know whether I have become more diligent or lazy.