19-0222; Rev 0; 5/05
KIT
ATION
EVALU
BLE
AVAILA
Complete 450MHz Quadrature Transmitter
General Description
The MAX2370 integrated quadrature transmitter is
designed for 450MHz applications. The device takes a
differential I/Q baseband input and converts it up to
intermediate frequency (IF) through a quadrature modu-
lator and IF variable-gain amplifier (VGA). The signal is
then routed to an external IF filter and upconverted to RF
through an image-reject mixer and RF VGA. The signal
is further amplified with an on-chip power amplifier (PA)
driver. An IF synthesizer, an RF synthesizer, a local
oscillator buffer, and an SPI™/QSPI™/MICROWIRE™-
compatible, 3-wire programmable bus complete the
basic functional blocks of this IC.
The MAX2370 is available in a 48-pin TQFN package
with exposed paddle and is specified for the extended
temperature range (-40°C to +85°C).
o
450MHz Operating Frequency
o
+8dBm Output Power
-64dBc Typical ACPR at ±885kHz Offset
-66dBc Typical ACPR at ±1.125MHz Offset
o
100dB Power-Control Range
o
Dual Synthesizer for RF and IF Local Oscillators
o
SPI/QSPI/MICROWIRE-Compatible 3-Wire
Interface Bus
o
Single-Sideband Upconverter
o
Directly Drives External Power Amplifier
Features
MAX2370
Applications
450MHz CDMA/WCDMA Phones
OFDM,
cdma2000
®
,
WCDMA, NMT
PART
MAX2370ETM
MAX2370ETM+
Ordering Information
TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
48 Thin QFN-EP*
(7mm x 7mm)
PKG
CODE
T4877-3
Wireless Data Links
48 Thin QFN-EP*
T4877+3
(7mm x 7mm)
*EP
= Exposed paddle.
+Denotes
lead-free package.
LO
N.C.
RFPLL
V
CCRFCP
RFCP
TOP VIEW
N.C.
GND
GND
GND
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
V
CCIFCP
V
CC
IFCP
SPI and QSPI are trademarks of Motorola, Inc.
MICROWIRE is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corp.
cdma2000 is a registered trademark of Telecommunications
Industry Association.
Pin Configuration/
Functional Diagram
RFOUT
N.C.
LOCK
V
CCDRV
IDLE
V
CC
TXGATE
IFIN+
IFIN-
N.C.
N.C.
RBIAS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
SPI
INTERFACE
Σ
Σ
RF PLL
IF PLL
35
34
33
REF
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
TANK+
TANK-
IFLO
V
CC
SHDN
I-
I+
0°
90°
+45
-45
MAX2370
EP
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
0°
/2
90°
DI
CS
N.C.
N.C.
IFOUT-
IFOUT+
CLK
GC
V
CC
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
V
CC
Q+
Q-
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Complete 450MHz Quadrature Transmitter
MAX2370
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
V
CC
, RFOUT, V
CCIFCP
, V
CCRFCP
,
V
CCDRV
to GND.................................................-0.3V to +3.6V
DI, SCLK,
CS,
GC,
SHDN, TXGATE, IDLE,
LOCK to GND.........................................-0.3V to (V
CC
+ 0.3V)
AC Input Pins (IFIN_, Q_, I_, TANK_, REF,
RFPLL, LO) to GND.....................................................1V Peak
Digital Input Current (SHDN,
TXGATE, IDLE,
SCLK, DI,
CS)
...............................................................±10mA
CAUTION!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
48-Pin Thin QFN (derate 38.5mW/°C above +70°C).....3077mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
CC
= +2.7V to +3.3V,
SHDN
=
IDLE
=
TXGATE
= high, V
GC
= 2.5V, R
BIAS
= 10kΩ, registers set according to Table 1, f
REF
=
19.2MHz, no AC signals applied, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at V
CC
= +3.0V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
(Note 1)
PARAMETER
Supply Voltage Range
V
CC
V
GC
= 0.6V
V
GC
= 1.95V
P
RFOUT
= +5.5dBm, IFG[2:0] = 011
Operating Supply Current
P
RFOUT
= +8dBm, IFG[2:0] = 011
Addition for IFLO buffer
IDLE
= low
TXGATE
= low
Sleep-Mode Supply Current
Logic-High Voltage
Logic-Low Voltage
Logic Input Current
GC Input Current
GC Input Current During Shutdown
Lock Indicator High Voltage (Locked)
Lock Indicator Low Voltage (Unlocked)
V
GC
= 0.5V to 2.5V
SHDN
= low, V
GC
= 2.5V
47kΩ pullup load
47kΩ pullup load
V
CC
-
0.4V
0.5
-5
3.3
7
SHDN
= 0V
0.7 x V
CC
0.3 x V
CC
+5
5
11
CONDITIONS
MIN
2.7
53
57
118
134
3.4
6
5
0.5
7.7
10
7
20
µA
V
V
µA
µA
µA
V
V
mA
TYP
MAX
3.3
79
87
UNITS
V
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Complete 450MHz Quadrature Transmitter
MAX2370
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(MAX2370 EV kit, V
CC
= +2.7V to +3.3V,
SHDN
=
IDLE
=
TXGATE
= high, V
GC
= 2.5V, R
BIAS
= 10kΩ, 50Ω system, T
A
= -40°C to
+85°C. Typical values are at V
CC_
=
SHDN
=
IDLE
=
TXGATE
=
CS
= 3.0V, f
REF
= 19.2MHz, LO input power = -15dBm, f
LO
= 575MHz,
f
RFOUT
= 455MHz, f
IF
= 120MHz, registers set according to Table 1, input voltage at I and Q = 130mV
RMS
differential,
cascade specifications assume 400Ω IF filter with 5dB insertion loss, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
MODULATOR
IF Frequency Range
I/Q Common-Mode Input Voltage
I/Q Input Current
Gain-Control Range
Gain Variation Over Temperature
Carrier Suppression
Sideband Suppression
IF Output Noise at Rx Band
Typically meets 30dB sideband suppression over this
frequency range
(Notes 2, 3)
V
CM
= 1.4V
V
GC
= 0.5V to 2.5V
+25°C < T
A
< +85°C
T
A
= -40°C
30
30
70
87
85
-2.4, +3.4
40
40
-138
-66
-69
-84
-89
-135
1.35
95 to 195
V
CC
-
1.25
6
MHz
V
µA
dB
dB
dB
dB
dBm/Hz
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Relative to +25°C, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C
V
GC
= 2.5V
V
GC
= 2.5V
V
GC
set to give -12dBm IF output power, noise
measured at 10MHz offset (Note 4)
V
GC
set to give
-12dBm IF output
power, IFG[2:0] =
011
f
OFFSET
= ±885kHz in 30kHz BW
f
OFFSET
= ±1.125MHz in 30kHz BW
f
OFFSET
= ±1.98MHz in 30kHz BW
f
OFFSET
= ±4MHz in 30kHz BW
IF Adjacent Channel Power Ratio
IS-95 Reverse Modulation
dBc
UPCONVERTER AND PREDRIVER
RFOUT Frequency Range
LO Frequency Range
LO and RFPLL Input Power
Conversion Gain
MPL Gain Change
RF Gain-Control Range
RF Image Suppression
Rx Band Noise Power
MPL = 0, gain relative to MPL = 1
V
GC
= 0.5V to 2.5V
+25°C < T
A
< +85°C
30
T
A
= -40°C
At maximum output power
See the
Typical Operating Characteristics
for typical gain
vs. frequency
Typically meets 30dB image suppression over this range
-15
410 to 500
530 to 695
-7
23
-3.4
44
46
-20
-130
-128.5
0
MHz
MHz
dBm
dB
dB
dB
dBc
dBm/Hz
P
RFOUT
= +8dBm, noise measured at +10MHz offset
(Note 4)
5.5
CASCADED MODULATOR, UPCONVERTER, AND PREDRIVER
RFOUT Output Power
Meets ACPR specifications (Note 4)
f
OFFSET
= ±885kHz in 30kHz BW
P
OUT
= +8dBm,
IFG[2:0] = 011
Adjacent Channel Power Ratio
IS-95 Reverse Modulation (Note 4)
P
OUT
= +5.5dBm,
IFG[2:0] = 011
f
OFFSET
= ±1.125MHz in 30kHz BW
f
OFFSET
= ±1.98MHz in 30kHz BW
f
OFFSET
= ±4MHz in 30kHz BW
f
OFFSET
= ±885kHz in 30kHz BW
f
OFFSET
= ±1.125MHz in 30kHz BW
f
OFFSET
= ±1.98MHz in 30kHz BW
f
OFFSET
= ±4MHz in 30kHz BW
10
-64
-66
-82
-86
-64
-67
-81
-86
-57
-61
-78
-78
-58
-62
-78
-85
dBm
dBc
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
Complete 450MHz Quadrature Transmitter
MAX2370
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(MAX2370 EV kit, V
CC
= +2.7V to +3.3V,
SHDN
=
IDLE
=
TXGATE
= high, V
GC
= 2.5V, R
BIAS
= 10kΩ, 50Ω system, T
A
= -40°C to
+85°C. Typical values are at V
CC_
=
SHDN
=
IDLE
=
TXGATE
=
CS
= 3.0V, f
REF
= 19.2MHz, LO input power = -15dBm, f
LO
= 575MHz,
f
RFOUT
= 455MHz, f
IF
= 120MHz, registers set according to Table 1, input voltage at I and Q = 130mV
RMS
differential,
cascade specifications assume 400Ω IF filter with 5dB insertion loss, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
Output Power Variation Over
Temperature
IF PLL
Reference Frequency
Reference Frequency Signal Level
IF Main-Divide Ratio
IF Reference-Divide Ratio
VCO Operating Range
ICP = 00
Charge-Pump Source/Sink
Current
Turbolock Boost Current
Charge-Pump Source/Sink
Current Matching
IF Charge-Pump Compliance
RF PLL
RF PLL Frequency Range
Reference Frequency
RF Main-Divide Ratio
RF Reference-Divide Ratio
RCP = 00
Charge-Pump Source/Sink
Current
Turbolock Boost Current
Charge-Pump Source/Sink
Current Matching
RF Charge-Pump Compliance
Phase-Detector Noise Floor
RCP = 11, RCP_TURBO1 = RCP_TURBO2 = 0, 50kHz
comparison frequency
RCP = 01
RCP = 10
RCP = 11
(Note 5)
All values of RCP, over compliance range
0.5
-162
ICP = 01
ICP = 10
ICP = 11
ICP = 11, ICP_MAX = 1
All values of ICP, over compliance range
0.5
96
135
190
267
533
5
0.1
256
2
190 to 390
139
192
278
390
774
174
240
348
488
968
6
V
CCIFCP
-
0.5V
1300
5
4096
2
220
441
499
717
1152
325
650
738
1063
1694
30
262,143
8191
406
813
923
1329
2118
6
V
CCRFCP
-
0.5V
µA
µA
%
V
µA
30
0.6
16,383
2047
MHz
MHz
V
P-P
CONDITIONS
Relative to +25°C, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C
MIN
TYP
0, -2
MAX
UNITS
dB
RF PLL operated at 2x LO frequency
MHz
MHz
µA
%
V
dBc/Hz
Note 1:
Note 2:
Note 3:
Note 4:
Note 5:
Guaranteed by production test at T
A
= +25°C to +85°C, design and characterization at T
A
= -40°C.
ACPR is met over the specified V
CM
range.
V
CM
must be supplied by the I/Q baseband source with ±8µA current capability.
Guaranteed by design and characterization to 6σ.
When enabled with RCP_TURBO1 and RCP_TURBO2 (see Tables 3 and 4), the total charge-pump current is specified.
For all values of RCP, the total turbolock current is 1.63 times the corresponding nonturbo current value.
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Complete 450MHz Quadrature Transmitter
MAX2370
Typical Operating Characteristics
(MAX2370 EV kit, V
CC_
=
SHDN
=
IDLE
=
TXGATE
=
CS
= 3.0V, f
REF
= 19.2MHz, LO input power = -15dBm, f
LO
= 575MHz, f
RFOUT
=
455MHz, f
IF
= 120MHz, R
BIAS
= 10kΩ, V
GC
= 2.5V, registers set according to Table 1, input voltage at I and Q = 130mV
RMS
differential,
T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
RF OUTPUT POWER AND SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. GAIN-CONTROL VOLTAGE
20
0
RF OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0
V
GC
(V)
CURRENT
MAX2370 toc01
IF OUTPUT POWER AND IF ACPR
vs. GAIN-CONTROL VOLTAGE
MAX2370 toc02
RF OUTPUT POWER AND RF ACPR
vs. GAIN-CONTROL VOLTAGE
RF OUTPUT POWER AND RF ACPR (dBm/dBc)
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
V
GC
(V)
2.5
2.6
2.7
ACPR
±1.125MHz
ACPR
±885kHz
ACPR
±1.98MHz
POWER
MAX2370 toc03
MAX2370 toc06
170
IF OUTPUT POWER AND IF ACPR (dBm, dBc)
150
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
130
110
90
70
50
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
V
GC
(V)
2.5
2.6
ACPR
±1.125MHz
ACPR
±1.98MHz
ACPR
±885kHz
POWER
20
POWER
2.7
RF GAIN, IMAGE SUPPRESSION, AND LO
SUPPRESSION vs. FREQUENCY
30
GAIN
25
20
RF GAIN (dB)
IMAGE SUPPRESSION
15
10
5
0
400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500
RF FREQUENCY
(MHz)
LO SUPPRESSION
-30
-40
-50
-60
-10
SUPPRESSION (dBc)
-20
NORMALIZED IF OUTPUT POWER (dB)
MAX2370 toc04
NORMALIZED IF OUTPUT POWER vs. IFG[2:0]
MAX2370 toc05
RFOUT PORT S22
1.0
0.9
0.8
S22 MAGNITUDE
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
PHASE
MAGNITUDE
0
-10
-20
-30
S22 PHASE (°)
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500
FREQUENCY (MHz)
0
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
-12
-14
-16
0
1
2
5
4
IFG[2:0] (DECIMAL)
3
6
7
RFPLL PORT S11
1.0
0.9
0.8
S11 MAGNITUDE
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHASE
MAGNITUDE
MAX2370 toc07
LO PORT S11
0
-10
-20
S11 MAGNITUDE
-30
S11 PHASE (°)
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
500 520 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 680 700
FREQUENCY (MHz)
MAGNITUDE
PHASE
MAX2370 toc08
IF OUTPUT SPECTRUM
-10
-20
-30
S11 PHASE (°)
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
POWER (dBm)
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
-110
FREQUENCY
CENTER: 120MHz, SPAN: 5MHz, RBW: 30kHz
P
OUT
= -12dBm
MAX2370 toc9
0
-10
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
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