Advanced Information
Preliminary
OV6620/OV6120
OV6620 SINGLE-CHIP CMOS CIF COLOR DIGITAL CAMERA
OV6120 SINGLE-CHIP CMOS CIF B&W DIGITAL CAMERA
Features
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
101,376 pixels, 1/4” lens, CIF/QCIF format
Progressive scan read out
Data format - YCrCb 4:2:2, GRB 4:2:2, RGB Raw Data
8/16 bit video data: CCIR601, CCIR656, ZV port
Wide dynamic range, anti-blooming, zero smearing
Electronic exposure / Gain / white balance control
Image enhancement - brightness, contrast, gamma,
saturation, sharpness, window, etc.
Internal/external synchronization
n
n
Frame exposure/line exposure option
5-Volt operation, low power dissipation
–
n
n
< 80 mW active power
– < 10
µA
in power-save mode
Gamma correction (0.45/0.55/1.00)
I
2
C programmable (400 kb/s):
– color saturation, brightness, contrast, white balance,
exposure time, gain
General Description
The OV6620 (color) and OV6120 (black and white) CMOS Im-
age sensors are single-chip video/imaging camera devices
designed to provide a high level of functionality in a single,
small-footprint package. Both devices incorporate a 352 x 288
image array capable of operating up to 60 frames per second
image capture. Proprietary sensor technology utilizes ad-
vanced algorithms to cancel Fixed Pattern Noise (FPN), elim-
inate smearing, and drastically reduce blooming. All needed
camera functions including exposure control, gamma, gain,
white balance, color matrix, windowing, and more, are pro-
grammable through an I
2
C interface. Both devices can be pro-
grammed to provide image output in either 8-bit or 16-bit
digital formats.
Applications include: Video Conferencing, Video Phone, Vid-
eo Mail, Still Image, and PC Multimedia.
Array Elements (CIF)
(QCIF)
ASUB
VRCAP2
FREX
AGCEN
RESET
SVDD
SGND
MULT
SDA
SCL
DEVDD
DEGND
Pixel Size
Image Area
Max Frames/Sec
Electronic
Exposure
Scan Mode
Gamma Correction
Min. Illumination
(3000K)
S/N Ratio
(Digital Camera Out)
FPN
Dark Current
Dynamic Range
Power Supply
Power
Requirements
Package
356 x 292
(176 x 144)
9.0 x 8.2
µ
m
3.1 x 2.5 mm
Up to 60 FPS
Up to 500 : 1
(for selected FPS)
progressive
0.45/.55/1.0
OV6620 - < 3 lux @ f1.2
OV6120 - < 0.5 lux @ f1.2
> 48 dB
(AGC = Off, Gamma = 1)
< 0.03% V
P-P
< 0.2 nA/cm
2
> 72 dB
5VDC, ±5% (Anal.)
5VDC or 3.3VDC (DIO)
< 80mW Active
< 30µW Standby
48 pin LCC
AGND
AVDD
PWDN
VRCAP1
VRCAP3
IICB
VTO
ADVDD
ADGND
VSYNC/CSYS
FODD/CLK
HREF/VSFRAM
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
6
5
4
3
2
1
48
47
46
45
44
43
OV6620/OV6120
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
BW/CHSYNC
CBAR/Y0
Y1
G2X/Y2
RGB/Y3
CS1/Y4
SHARP/Y5
CS2/Y6
CS0/Y7
PWDB/PCLK
DOVDD
DGND
OV6620/OV6120 PIN ASSIGNMENTS
OmniVision Technologies, Inc. 930 Thompson Place Sunnyvale, CA 94086 U.S.A.
Tel: (408) 733-3030 Fax: (408) 733-3061
e-mail: info@ovt.com
Website: http://www.ovt.com
UV7/B8
UV6ABKEN
UV5/MIR
UV4
UV3
UV2/QCIF
UV1/CCIR656
UV0/GAMMA
XCLK1
XCLK2
DVDD
DGND
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Version 1.11, 14 May 1999
O
MNI
V
ISION
T
ECHNOLOGIES
, Inc.
OV6620/OV6120
SINGLE IC CMOS COLOR AND B/W DIGITAL CAMERAS
Table 1. Pin Description
Pin No.
01
02
03
SVDD
RESET
AGCEN
Name
Pin Type
V
in
Function
(Default = 0)
Function
(Default = 0)
Array power (+5VDC)
Chip Reset, active high
Automatic Gain Control (AGC) selection
“0” - Disable AGC
“1” - Enable AGC
NOTE: This function is disabled when OV6620/OV6120 sensor is config-
ured in I
2
C mode.
04
FREX
Function
(Default = 0)
V
ref
(2.5V)
V
in
V
in
V
in
Function
(Default = 0)
N/C
Frame Exposure Control
“0” - Disable Frame Exposure Control
“1” - Enable Frame Exposure Control
Array reference. Connect to ground through 0.1 uF capacitor.
Analog substrate voltage
Analog ground
Analog power supply (+5VDC)
Power down mode selection
“0” - normal mode
“1” - power down mode
Internal voltage reference. Connect to ground through 0.1 µF capacitor.
Internal voltage reference. Connect to ground through 1 µF capacitor.
Function
(Default = 0)
I
2
C enable selection
“0” - Enable I
2
C
“1” - Enable autocontrol mode
Luminance Composite Signal Output
Analog power supply (+5VDC)
Analog signal ground
Vertical sync output. At power up, read as CSYS.
Field ID FODD output or main clock output
HREF output. At power up, read as VSFRAM
Bit 7 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as B8.
Bit 6 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as ABKEN.
Bit 5 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as MIR.
Bit 4of U video component output.
Bit 3 of U video component output.
Function/Description
05
06
07
08
09
VRCAP2
ASUB
AGND
AVDD
PWDN
10
11
12
VrCAP1
VrCAP3
IICB
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
VTO
ADVDD
ADGND
VSYNC/CSYS
FODD/CLK
HREF/VSFRAM
UV7/B8
UV6/ABKEN
UV5/MIR
UV4
UV3
O
V
in
V
in
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
O
MNI
V
ISION
T
ECHNOLOGIES
, Inc.
OV6620/OV6120
Table 1. Pin Description
Pin No.
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
Name
UV2/QCIF
UV1/CC656
UV0/GAMMA
XCLK1
XCLK2
DVDD
DGND
DOGND
DOVDD
PCLK/PWDB
Y7/CS0
Y6/CS2
Y5/SHARP
Y4/CS1
Y3/RGB
Y2/G2X
Y1
Y0/CBAR
CHSYNC/BW
DEGND
DEVDD
SCL
SDA
MULT
Pin Type
I/O
I/O
I/O
I
O
V
in
V
in
V
in
V
in
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
V
in
V
in
I
I/O
Function
(Default = 0)
Advanced Information
Preliminary
SINGLE IC CMOS COLOR AND B/W DIGITAL CAMERAS
Function/Description
Bit 2 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as QCIF.
Bit 1 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as CC656.
Bit 0 of U video component output. At power up, sampled as GAMMA.
Crystal clock input
Crystal clock output
Digital power supply (+5VDC)
Digital ground
Digital interface output buffer ground
Digital interface output buffer power supply (+5VDC)
PCLK output. At power up sampled as PWDB.
Bit 7 of Y video component output. At power up, sampled as CS0.
Bit 6 of Y video component output. At power up, sampled as CS2.
Bit 5 of Y video component. At power up, sampled as SHARP.
Bit 4 of Y video component. At power up, sampled as CS1
Bit 3 of Y video component output. At power up, sampled as RGB.
Bit 2 of Y video component output. At power up, sampled as G2X.
Bit 1 of Y video component output.
Bit 0 of Y video component output. At power up, sampled as CBAR.
CHSYNC output. At power up, sampled as BW.
Decoder ground.
Decoder power supply (+5VDC)
I
2
C serial interface clock input
I
2
C serial interface data input and output.
I
2
C slave selection
“0” - Select single slave ID
“1” - Enable multiple (8) slaves
Array ground
48
SGND
V
in
14 May 1999
Version 1.11
3
O
MNI
V
ISION
T
ECHNOLOGIES
, Inc.
OV6620/OV6120
Advanced Information
Preliminary
SINGLE IC CMOS COLOR AND B/W DIGITAL CAMERAS
1. Functional Description
(Note: References to color features do not apply to the OV6120 B&W Digital Image Sensor.)
1.1
Overview
The OV6620/OV6120 sensor is a 1/4-inch CMOS imag-
ing device. The sensor contains approximately 101,376
pixels. Its design is based on a field integration read-out
system with line-by-line transfer and an electronic shut-
ter with a synchronous pixel read out scheme. The color
filter of the sensor consists of a primary color RG/GB ar-
ray arranged in line-alternating fashion.
Referring to Figure 1, OV6620/OV6120 CMOS Image
Sensor Block Diagram below, the OV6620 sensor in-
cludes a 356 x 292 resolution image array, an analog
signal processor, dual 8-bit Analog-to-Digital convert-
ers, analog video multiplexer, digital data formatter and
video port, I
2
C interface and registers, digital controls in-
cluding timing block, exposure, and black and white
balance.
VTO
GAMMA
DENB
analog processing
Y
Cb
Cr
formatter
mx
ADC
video port
r
g
b
Y(7:0)
mx
UV(7:0)
ADC
column sense amp
row select
(356x292)
image
array
exposure
detect
white
balance
detect
registers
WB
control
AWB AWBTH/
AWBTM
sys-clk
video timing generator
PCLK
HREF
FODD
CHSYNC
MIR
exposure control
AGCEN
PROG
FZEX
I
2
C
interface
SCL SDA IICB
1/2
XVCLK1
VSYNC
FREZ
FSIN
Figure 1. OV6620/OV6120 CMOS Image Sensor Block Diagram
4
Version 1.11
14 May 1999
O
MNI
V
ISION
T
ECHNOLOGIES
, Inc.
OV6620/OV6120
1.2
1.2.1
Analog Processor Circuits
Overview
Advanced Information
Preliminary
SINGLE IC CMOS COLOR AND B/W DIGITAL CAMERAS
1.2.2
Image Processing
The image is captured by the 356 x 592 pixel image ar-
ray and routed to the analog processing section where
the majority of signal processing occurs. This block con-
tains the circuitry which performs color separation, ma-
trixing, Automatic Gain Control (AGC), gamma
correction, color correction, color balance, black level
calibration, “knee” smoothing, aperture correction, and
controls for picture luminance, chrominance, and anti-
alias filtering. The analog video signals are based on
the following formula:
Y = 0.59G + 0.31R + 0.11B
U = R-Y
V = B-Y
where R,G,B are the equivalent color components in
each pixel.
The algorithm used for the electronic exposure control
is based on the brightness of the full image. The expo-
sure is optimized for a “normal” scene which assumes
the subject is well lit relative to the background. In situ-
ations where the image is not well lit, the Automatic Ex-
posure Control (AEC) White/Black ratio may be
adjusted to suit the needs of the application.
Additional on-chip functions include Automatic Gain
Control (AGC) which provides a gain boost of up to
24dB. White balance control enables setting of proper
color temperature and can be programmed for automat-
ic or manual operation. Separate saturation, brightness,
contrast, and sharpness adjustments allow for further
fine tuning of the picture quality and characteristics. The
OV6620 image sensor also provides control over the
White Balance ratio for increasing/decreasing the im-
age field Red/Blue component ratio. The sensor pro-
vides a default setting which may be sufficient for many
applications.
A YCrCb format is also supported, based on the formula
below:
Y = 0.59G + 0.31R + 0.11B
Cr = 0.713 x (R - Y)
Cb = 0.564 x (B - Y)
1.2.3
Windowing
The YCrCb/RGB Raw Data signal from the analog pro-
cessing section is fed to two on-chip 8-bit Analog-to-
Digital (A-to-D) converters: one for the Y/RG channel
and one shared by the CrCb/BG channels. The A-to-D
converted data stream is further conditioned in the digi-
tal formatter. The processed signal is delivered to the
digital video port through the video multiplexer which
routes the user-selected 16-, 8-, or 4-bit video data the
correct output pins.
The on-chip 8-bit A-to-D converters operate at up to 9
MHz, fully synchronous to the pixel rate. Actual conver-
sion rate is set as a function of the frame rate. A-to-D
black-level calibration circuitry ensures the following:
– the black level of Y/RGB is normalized to a value of 16
– the peak white level is limited to 240
– CrCb black level is 128
– Peak/Bottom is 240/16
– RGB raw data output range is 16/240
(Note: Values 0 and 255 are reserved for sync flag)
The windowing feature of the OV6620/OV6120 image
sensors allows user-definable window sizing as re-
quired by the application. Window size setting (in pixels)
ranges from 2 x 2 to 356 x 292, and can be positioned
anywhere inside the 356 x 292 boundary. Note that
modifying window size and/or position does not change
frame or data rate. The OV6620/OV6120 imager alters
the assertion of the HREF signal to be consistent with
the programmed horizontal and vertical region. The de-
fault output window is 352 x 288.
1.2.4
Zoom Video Port (ZV)
The OV6620/OV6120 image sensor includes a Zoom
Video (ZV) function that supports standard ZV Port in-
terface timing. Signals available include VSYNC,
CHSYNC, PCLK and 16-bit data bus: Y[7:0] and
UV[7:0]. The rising edge of PCLK clocks data into the
ZV port. See Figure 2, Zoom Video Port Timing below.
14 May 1999
Version 1.11
5
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