Order this document by MC44603/D
MC44603
Mixed Frequency Mode
GreenLine
™
PWM Controller:
Fixed Frequency, Variable Frequency,
Standby Mode
The MC44603 is an enhanced high performance controller that is
specifically designed for off–line and dc–to–dc converter applications. This
device has the unique ability of automatically changing operating modes if
the converter output is overloaded, unloaded, or shorted, offering the
designer additional protection for increased system reliability. The MC44603
has several distinguishing features when compared to conventional SMPS
controllers. These features consist of a foldback facility for overload
protection, a standby mode when the converter output is slightly loaded, a
demagnetization detection for reduced switching stresses on transistor and
diodes, and a high current totem pole output ideally suited for driving a power
MOSFET. It can also be used for driving a bipolar transistor in low power
converters (< 150 W). It is optimized to operate in discontinuous mode but
can also operate in continuous mode. Its advanced design allows use in
current mode or voltage mode control applications.
Current or Voltage Mode Controller
•
Operation up to 250 kHz Output Switching Frequency
MIXED FREQUENCY MODE
GREENLINE PWM*
CONTROLLER:
VARIABLE FREQUENCY,
FIXED FREQUENCY,
STANDBY MODE
* PWM = Pulse Width Modulation
16
1
P SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 648
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Inherent Feed Forward Compensation
Latching PWM for Cycle–by–Cycle Current Limiting
Oscillator with Precise Frequency Control
1
16
High Flexibility
•
Externally Programmable Reference Current
Secondary or Primary Sensing
Synchronization Facility
High Current Totem Pole Output
Undervoltage Lockout with Hysteresis
DW SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751G
(SOP–16L)
PIN CONNECTIONS
VCC
VC
Output
Gnd
Foldback Input
Overvoltage
Protection (OVP)
Current Sense Input
Demag Detection
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16 Rref
R
15 Frequency
Standby
Voltage Feedback
14
Input
13 Error Amp Output
12 RPower Standby
Soft–Start/Dmax/
11
Voltage Mode
10 CT
9
Sync Input
Safety/Protection Features
•
Overvoltage Protection Against Open Current and Open Voltage Loop
Protection Against Short Circuit on Oscillator Pin
Fully Programmable Foldback
Soft–Start Feature
Accurate Maximum Duty Cycle Setting
Demagnetization (Zero Current Detection) Protection
Internally Trimmed Reference
GreenLine Controller: Low Power Consumption in Standby Mode
•
Low Startup and Operating Current
Fully Programmable Standby Mode
Controlled Frequency Reduction in Standby Mode
Low dV/dT for Low EMI Radiations
(Top View)
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
MC44603P
MC44603DW
TA = –25° to +85°C
Operating
Temperature Range
Package
Plastic DIP–16
SOP–16L
Rev 1
GreenLine is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
©
Motorola, Inc. 1999
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
1
MC44603
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating
Total Power Supply and Zener Current
Supply Voltage with Respect to Ground (Pin 4)
Output Current (Note 1)
Source
Sink
Output Energy (Capacitive Load per Cycle)
RF Stby, CT, Soft–Start, Rref, RP Stby Inputs
Foldback Input, Current Sense Input,
E/A Output, Voltage Feedback Input,
Overvoltage Protection, Synchronization Input
Synchronization Input
High State Voltage
Low State Reverse Current
Demagnetization Detection Input Current
Source
Sink
Error Amplifier Output Sink Current
Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics
P Suffix, Dual–In–Line, Case 648
Maximum Power Dissipation at TA = 85°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Air
DW Suffix, Surface Mount, Case 751G
Maximum Power Dissipation at TA = 85°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Air
Operating Junction Temperature
Operating Ambient Temperature
Symbol
(ICC + IZ)
VC
VCC
IO(Source)
IO(Sink)
W
Vin
Vin
–0.3 to
VCC + 0.3
VIH
VIL
Idemag–ib (Source)
Idemag–ib (Sink)
IE/A (Sink)
VCC + 0.3
–20
–4.0
10
20
mA
V
mA
mA
Value
30
18
Unit
mA
V
mA
–750
750
5.0
–0.3 to 5.5
µJ
V
V
PD
R
θJA
PD
R
θJA
TJ
TA
0.6
100
0.45
145
150
–25 to +85
W
°C/W
W
°C/W
°C
°C
NOTES:
1. Maximum package power dissipation limits must be observed.
2. ESD data available upon request.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC and VC = 12 V, [Note 3], Rref = 10 kΩ, CT = 820 pF, for typical values TA = 25°C,
for min/max values TA = –25° to +85°C [Note 4], unless otherwise noted.)
Characteristic
OUTPUT SECTION
Output Voltage (Note 5)
Low State (ISink = 100 mA)
Low State
(ISink = 500 mA)
High State (ISource = 200 mA)
High State
(ISource = 500 mA)
Output Voltage During Initialization Phase
p
g
g
VCC = 0 to 1.0 V, ISink = 10
µA
VCC = 1 0 to 5 0 V ISi k = 100
µA
1.0 5.0 V, Sink
VCC = 5 0 to 13 V, ISink = 1 0 mA
5.0
V
1.0
Output Voltage Rising Edge Slew–Rate (CL = 1.0 nF, TJ = 25°C)
Output Voltage Falling Edge Slew–Rate (CL = 1.0 nF, TJ = 25°C)
ERROR AMPLIFIER SECTION
Voltage Feedback Input (VE/A out = 2.5 V)
Input Bias Current (VFB = 2.5 V)
Open Loop Voltage Gain (VE/A out = 2.0 to 4.0 V)
VFB
IFB–ib
AVOL
2.42
–2.0
65
2.5
–0.6
70
2.58
–
–
V
µA
dB
V
VOL
VOH
VOL
–
–
–
dVo/dT
dVo/dT
–
–
–
0.1
01
0.1
01
300
–300
1.0
1.0
10
1.0
10
–
–
V/µs
V/µs
–
–
–
–
1.0
1.4
1.5
2.0
1.2
2.0
2.0
2.7
V
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
NOTES:
3. Adjust VCC above the startup threshold before setting to 12 V.
4. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
5. VC must be greater than 5.0 V.
2
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(continued)
(VCC and VC = 12 V, [Note 3], Rref = 10 kΩ, CT = 820 pF, for typical values TA = 25°C,
for min/max values TA = –25° to +85°C [Note 4], unless otherwise noted.)
Characteristic
ERROR AMPLIFIER SECTION (continued)
Unity Gain Bandwidth
TJ = 25°C
TJ = –25° to +85°C
Voltage Feedback Input Line Regulation (VCC = 10 to 15 V)
Output Current
Sink (VE/A out = 1.5 V, VFB = 2.7 V)
TA = –25° to +85°C
Source (VE/A out = 5.0 V, VFB = 2.3 V)
TA = –25° to +85°C
Output Voltage Swing
High State (IE/A out (source) = 0.5 mA, VFB = 2.3 V)
Low State (IE/A out (sink) = 0.33 mA, VFB = 2.7 V)
REFERENCE SECTION
Reference Output Voltage (VCC = 10 to 15 V)
Reference Current Range (Iref = Vref/Rref, R = 5.0 k to 25 kΩ)
Reference Voltage Over Iref Range
OSCILLATOR AND SYNCHRONIZATION SECTION
Frequency
TA = 0° to +70°C
TA = –25° to +85°C
Frequency Change with Voltage (VCC = 10 to 15 V)
Frequency Change with Temperature (TA = –25° to +85°C)
Oscillator Voltage Swing (Peak–to–Peak)
Ratio Charge Current/Reference Current
TA = 0° to +70°C (VCT = 2.0 V)
TA = –25° to +85°C
Fixed Maximum Duty Cycle = Idischarge/(Idischarge + Icharge)
Ratio Standby Discharge Current versus IR F Stby (Note 6)
TA = 0° to +70°C
TA = –25° to +85°C (Note 8)
VR F Stby (IR F Stby = 100
µA)
Frequency in Standby Mode (RF Stby (Pin 15) = 25 kΩ)
Current Range
Synchronization Input Threshold Voltage (Note 7)
Synchronization Input Current
Minimum Synchronization Pulse Width (Note 8)
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT SECTION
Startup Threshold
Output Disable Voltage After Threshold Turn–On (UVLO 1)
TA = 0° to +70°C
TA = –25° to +85°C
Reference Disable Voltage After Threshold Turn–On (UVLO 2)
Vstup–th
Vdisable1
8.6
8.3
Vdisable2
7.0
9.0
–
7.5
9.4
9.6
8.0
V
13.6
14.5
15.4
V
V
fOSC
44.5
44
∆f
OSC/∆V
∆f
OSC/∆T
VOSC(pp)
Icharge/Iref
0.375
0.37
D
Idisch–Stby/
IR F Stby
VR F Stby
FStby
IR F Stby
VinthH
VinthL
ISync–in
TSync
78
0.46
0.43
2.4
18
–200
3.2
0.45
–5.0
–
0.4
–
80
0.53
–
2.5
21
–
3.7
0.7
–
–
0.425
0.43
82
0.6
0.63
2.6
24
–50
4.3
0.9
0
0.5
V
kHz
µA
V
µA
µs
%
–
–
–
1.65
48
–
0.05
0.05
1.8
51.5
52
–
–
1.95
%/V
%/°C
V
–
kHz
Vref
Iref
∆V
ref
2.4
–500
–40
2.5
–
–
2.6
–100
40
V
µA
mV
BW
–
–
VFBline–reg
ISink
ISource
–10
2.0
–2.0
4.0
–
–
12
–
–
5.5
10
–
–0.2
V
VOH
VOL
5.5
–
6.5
1.0
7.5
1.1
mV
mA
MHz
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
NOTES:
13.
Adjust VCC above the startup threshold before setting to 12 V.
14.
Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
16.
Standby is disabled for VR P Stby < 25 mV typical.
17.
If not used, Synchronization input must be connected to Ground.
18.
Synchronization Pulse Width must be shorter than TOSC = 1/fOSC.
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
3
MC44603
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(continued)
(VCC and VC = 12 V, [Note 3], Rref = 10 kΩ, CT = 820 pF, for typical values TA = 25°C,
for min/max values TA = –25° to +85°C [Note 4], unless otherwise noted.)
Characteristic
DEMAGNETIZATION DETECTION SECTION
(Note 9)
Demagnetization Detect Input
Demagnetization Comparator Threshold (VPin 9 Decreasing)
Propagation Delay (Input to Output, Low to High)
Input Bias Current (Vdemag = 65 mV)
Negative Clamp Level (Idemag = –2.0 mA)
Positive Clamp Level (Idemag = 2.0 mA)
SOFT–START SECTION
(Note 11)
Ratio Charge Current/Iref
TA = 0° to +70°C
TA = –25° to +85°C
Discharge Current (Vsoft–start = 1.0 V)
Clamp Level
Duty Cycle (Rsoft–start = 12 kΩ)
Duty Cycle
(Vsoft–start (Pin 11) = 0.1 V)
OVERVOLTAGE SECTION
Protection Threshold Level on VOVP
Propagation Delay (VOVP > 2.58 V to Vout Low)
Protection Level on VCC
TA = 0° to +70°C
TA = –25° to +85°C
Input Resistance
TA = 0° to +70°C
TA = –25° to +85°C
FOLDBACK SECTION
(Note 10)
Current Sense Voltage Threshold (Vfoldback (Pin 5) = 0.9 V)
Foldback Input Bias Current (Vfoldback (Pin 5) = 0 V)
STANDBY SECTION
Ratio IR P Stby/Iref
TA = 0° to +70°C
TA = –25° to +85°C
Ratio Hysteresis (Vh Required to Return to Normal Operation from Standby
Operation)
TA = 0° to +70°C
TA = –25° to +85°C
Current Sense Voltage Threshold (VR P Stby (Pin 12) = 1.0 V)
CURRENT SENSE SECTION
Maximum Current Sense Input Threshold
(Vfeedback (Pin 14) = 2.3 V and Vfoldback (Pin 6) = 1.2 V)
Input Bias Current
Propagation Delay (Current Sense Input to Output at VTH of
MOS transistor = 3.0 V)
TOTAL DEVICE
Power Supply Current
Startup (VCC = 13 V with VCC Increasing)
Operating TA = –25° to +85°C (Note 3)
Power Supply Zener Voltage (ICC = 25 mA)
Thermal Shutdown
ICC
–
13
VZ
–
18.5
–
0.3
17
–
155
0.45
20
–
–
V
°C
mA
VCS–th
ICS–ib
–
0.96
–10
–
1.0
–2.0
120
1.04
–
200
V
µA
ns
IR P Stby/Iref
0.37
0.36
Vh/VR P Stby
1.42
1.4
VCS–Stby
0.28
1.5
–
0.31
1.58
1.6
0.34
V
0.4
–
0.43
0.44
–
–
VCS–th
Ifoldback–lb
0.86
–6.0
0.89
–2.0
0.9
–
V
µA
VCC prot
16.1
15.9
–
1.5
1.4
2.0
–
3.0
3.4
17
–
17.9
18.1
kΩ
VOVP–th
2.42
1.0
2.5
–
2.58
3.0
V
µs
V
Iss(ch)/Iref
0.37
0.36
Idischarge
Vss(CL)
Dsoft–start 12k
Dsoft–start
1.5
2.2
36
–
0.4
–
5.0
2.4
42
–
0.43
0.44
–
2.6
49
0
mA
V
%
–
Vdemag–th
–
Idemag–lb
CL(neg)
CL(pos)
50
–
–0.5
–
–
65
0.25
–
–0.38
0.72
80
–
–
–
–
mV
µs
µA
V
V
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
NOTES:
13.
Adjust VCC above the startup threshold before setting to 12 V.
14.
Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
19.
This function can be inhibited by connecting Pin 8 to Gnd. This allows a continuous current mode operation.
10. This function can be inhibited by connecting Pin 5 to VCC.
11. The MC44603 can be shut down by connecting the Soft–Start pin (Pin 11) to Ground.
4
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC44603
Representative Block Diagram
RF Stby
Rref
RF Stby 15 16 Vref
Negative
Active
Clamp
Demag
Detect
8
Sync
Input
9
0.4 Iref
1.0 V
R
1.6 V
CT
10
CT
R
Q
+
3.6 V
S
VOSC
S
Q
R
0.4 Iref
Vref Vref
0.4 Iref
RPwr Stby
12
Feed–
back
14
Compen–
sation
13
5
Foldback
Input
+
2.5 V
VCC
1.0 mA
2R
Error Amplifier
0.6 Iref
IDischarge
Vref Vref
Vref
0.25
0.8 Iref
IF Stby
0.2 Iref
Thermal
Shutdown
Vref
0.4 Iref
2.0
µs
Delay
Vref
5.0
µs
Delay
11.6 k
OVP
2.0 k
IDischarge/2
Current Mirror X2
+
1.6 V
+ 2.5 V
Current
Sense Input
7
1.0 V
2.4 V
5.0 mA
UVLO1
VCC
+
9.0 V
6
ROVP
VOVP
Out
Vref
VCC
Output
3
4
Gnd
Q
S
VC
2
R
Q
S
UVLO2
+
65 mV
+
3.7 V
VDemag Out
Synchro
VOSC prot
Vref
+
Reference
Block
Iref
IF Stby
VCC
14.5 V/7.5 V
18.0 V
VCC
1
Vaux
Vref
+
0.7 V
To Power
Transforme
11 SS/Dmax/VM
= Sink only
=
Positive True Logic
RSS
CSS
This device contains 243 active transistors.
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
5
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