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ZSP4422A: DescriptionElectroluminescent Lamp Driver; File Size143KB，8 Pages; ManufacturerETC

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ZSP4422A Overview

Electroluminescent Lamp Driver

ZSP4422A Preview

ZSP4422A Electroluminescent Lamp Driver

Zywyn

Features

•

+2.2V to +5.0V battery operation

50nA typical standby current

High voltage output typical 160V

Internal oscillator

ZSP4422A

Electroluminescent Lamp Driver

General Description

The ZSP4422A is a high voltage output DC-AC converter

that can operate from a +2.2V to +5.0V power supply. The

ZSP4422A is designed with our proprietary high voltage

BiCMOS technology and is capable of supplying up to

160V

signals, making it ideal for driving small electrolu-

minescent lamps. The device features 50nA (typical)

standby current, for use in low power portable products.

One external inductor is required to generate the high

voltage, and an external capacitor is used to select the

oscillator frequency. The ZSP4422A is offered in an 8-pin

narrow SOIC package or an 8-pin MSOP package. For

delivery in die form, please consult the factory.

Applications

•

PDAs

Cellular phones

Remote controls

Handheld computers

Pin Configuration

Ordering Information

Part Number

ZSP4422ACN

ZSP4422ACU

ZSP4422ACX

Temperature Range

–40°C to +85°C

0°C to +70°C

n/a

Package Type

8-Pin nSOIC

8-Pin MSOP

Die in Wafflepack

nSOIC Eval. Board

MSOP Eval. Board

HON 1

COIL 3

EL2 4

CAP2

CAP1

EL1

ZSP4422ANEB

ZSP4422AUEB

Zywyn

ZSP4422A

Please contact the factory for pricing and availabiliy on a Tape-on-Reel

option.

8-Pin nSOIC/MSOP

Please contact the factory for EL driver design support and availability of

custom-made evaluation demo boards.

Zywyn Corporation • Tel (408) 733-3225 • Fax (408) 733-3206 • Email sales@zywyn.com • www.zywyn.com

specifications subject to change without notice

March 2004

rev. 01

Zywyn Corporation

Absolute Maximum Ratings

These are stress ratings only and functional operation of

the device at these ratings or any other above those

indicated in the operation sections of the specifications is

not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating condi-

tions for extended periods of time may affect reliability.

DD .................................................................................................

+7.0V

Input Voltages/Currents

HON (pin 1) ................................... –0.5V to (V

+0.5V)

COIL (pin3)..............................................................60mA

Lamp Output .......................................................... 230V

Storage Temperature .............................. –65°C to +150°C

Operating Temperature ............................. –40°C to +85°C

Power Dissipation Per Package

8-pin NSOIC (derate 6.14mW/°C above +70°C) ... 500mW

8-pin µSOIC (derate 4.85mW/°C above +70°C) ... 390mW

ZSP4422A

Storage Considerations

Storage in a low humidity environment is preferred. Large

high density plastic packages are moisture sensitive and

should be stored in Dry Vapor Barrier Bags. Prior to usage,

the parts should remain bagged and stored below 40°C

and 60%RH. If the parts are removed from the bag, they

should be used within 48 hours or stored in an environ-

ment at or below 20%RH. If the above conditions cannot

be followed, the parts should be baked for four hours at

125°C in order remove moisture prior to soldering. Zywyn

ships product in Dry Vapor Barrier Bags with a humidity

indicator card and desiccant pack. The humidity indicator

should be below 30%RH.

The information furnished by Zywyn has been carefully

reviewed for accuracy and reliability. Its application or

use, however,is solely the responsibility of the user. No

responsibility of the use of this information become part of

the terms and conditions of any subsequent sales agree-

ment with Zywyn. Specifications are subject to change

without the responsibility for any infringement of patents

or other rights of third parties which may result from its

use. No license or proprietary rights are granted by impli-

cation or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of

Zywyn Corporation.

Electrical Characteristics

= +25°C, V

= +3.0V, C

LAMP

= 17nF with 100Ω series resistor, Coil = 5mH (R

= 18Ω); C

OSC

= 100pF, unless otherwise noted.

Symbol

COIL

+ I

COIL

HON

Parameter

Supply Voltage

Supply Current

Coil Voltage

HON Input Voltage

LOW: EL off

HIGH: EL on

HON Current

Shutdown Current

- V

HON

- +3.0V

= +3.0V, V

HON

= LOW

= +5.0V, V

HON

= LOW

INDUCTOR DRIVE

COIL

= f

LAMP

x 32

PK-COIL

EL LAMP OUTPUT

LAMP

EL Lamp Frequency

Peak-to-Peak Output Voltage

= +25°C, V

= +3.0V

= +25°C, V

= +2.2V

= +25°C, V

= +3.0V

= +25°C, V

= +5.0V

250

200

110

180

350

140

200

500

600

Coil Frequency

Coil Duty Cycle

Peak Coil Current

Guaranteed by design

11.2

kHz

= +3.0V, V

HON

= +3.0V

= +5.0V, V

HON

= +5.0V

–0.25

– 0.25

0.3

Condition

Min

2.2

Typ

3.0

Max

5.0

0.25

+ 0.25

500

Units

µA

HON

= I

COIL

+ I

Zywyn

March 2004

rev. 01

Zywyn Corporation

Block Diagram

BATTERY

5mH/18Ω

OSC

Cap1

COIL

HON

Coil

ZSP4422A

0.1µF

OSC

= 100pF

Cap2

LAMP

FF1

FF2

LAMP

EL2

EL1

EL Lamp

Figure 1. Block Diagram

Pin Description

Pin Number

Pin Name

HON

COIL

EL2

EL1

CAP1

CAP2

Pin Function

Enable for driver operation: high = active; low = inactive.

Power supply common: connect to ground.

Coil input: connect coil from V

to this pin.

Lamp driver output 2: connect to EL lamp.

Lamp driver output 1: connect to EL lamp.

Power supply for driver: connect to system V

Capacitor Input 1: connect to C

OSC

Capacitor Input 2: connect to C

OSC

Bonding Diagram

PAD

EL1

D D

CAP1

Die Photo

5 5 6 .5

5 5 6 .2

-1 9 .5

-5 6 8 .0

-5 4 9 .0

-5 6 8 .0

-3 4 9 .0

1 7 9 .0

-1 5 1 .0

-5 1 7 .0

-2 5 6 .5

9 3 .5

-5 1 6 .5

5 1 7 .0

EL2

C O IL

S S

HO N

E L1

CAP

E L2

HON

CAP2

CAP1

D D

ZSP4422A

S S

C O IL

O TES:

Dimensions a re in microns unless othe rwise no ted.

Bonding pads a re 125x125 typical

Outside dimensions a re maximum , including sc ribe area .

Die thickness is 11 mils +/- 1.

Pad center coordinates are relative to die center.

Die subst rate down-bonds to Vss (GND)

Die mask num ber is MS129.

Die size 1346 x 1447 ( 53 x 57 mils)

Zywyn

March 2004

rev. 01

Zywyn Corporation

Circuit Description

The ZSP4422A is made up of three basic circuit elements,

an oscillator, coil,and switched H-bridge network. The

oscillator provides the device with an on-chip clock source

used to control the charge and discharge phases for the

coil and lamp. An external capacitor connected between

pins 7 and 8 allows the user to vary the oscillator frequency

from 32kHz to 400kHz. In general, increasing the C

OSC

capacitor will increase the lamp output.

The suggested oscillator frequency is 90kHz (C

OSC

=100pF). The oscillator output is internally divided to

create two internal control signals, f

COIL

and f

LAMP

. The

oscillator output is internally divided down by 8 flip-flops,

a 90kHz signal will be divided into 8 frequencies; 45kHz,

22.5kHz, 11.2kHz, 5.6kHz, 2.8kHz, 1.4kHz, 703Hz, and

352Hz. The third flip-flop output (8kHz) is used to drive the

coil (see

Figure 1)

and the eighth flip-flop output (250Hz)

is used to drive the lamp. Although the oscillator fre-

quency can be varied to optimize the lamp output, the

ratio of f

COIL

LAMP

will always equal 32.

The on-chip oscillator of the ZSP4422A can be overdriven

with an external clock source by removing the C

OSC

capacitor and connecting a clock source to pin 8. The

clock should have a 50% duty cycle and range from

to ground. An external clock signal may be desirable

in order to synchronize any parasitic switching noise with

the system clock. The maximum external clock frequency

that can be supplied is 400kHz.

The coil is an external component connected from

BATTERY

to pin 3 of the ZSP4422A. Energy is stored in the

coil according to the equation E

=1/2LI

, where I is the

peak current flowing in the inductor. The current in the

inductor is time dependent and is set by the “ON” time of

the coil switch: I = (V

/L)t

, where V

is the voltage

across the inductor. At the moment the switch closes, the

current in the inductor is zero and the entire supply voltage

(minus the V

SAT

of the switch) is across the inductor. The

current in the inductor will then ramp up at a linear rate. As

the current in the inductor builds up, the voltage across the

inductor will decrease due to the resistance of the coil and

the “ON” resistance of the switch: V

= V

BATTERY

– IR

–

SAT

. Since the voltage across the inductor is decreasing,

the current ramp-rate also decreases which reduces the

current in the coil at the end of t

the energy stored in the

inductor per coil cycle and therefore the light output. The

other important issue is that maximum current (saturation

current) in the coil is set by the design and manufacturer

of the coil. If the parameters of the application such as

BATTERY

, L, RL or t

cause the current in the coil to

increase beyond its rated I

SAT

, excessive heat will be

generated and the power efficiency will decrease with no

additional light output. The Zywyn ZSP4422A is final

tested using a 5mH/18Ω coil from Hitachi Metals. For

suggested coil sources see,

“Coil Manfacturers.”

ZSP4422A

The supply V

can range from +2.2V to +5.0V. It is not

necessary that V

= V

BATTERY

. V

BATTERY

should not

exceed max coil current specification. The majority of the

current goes through the coil and is typically much greater

than I

The f

COIL

signal controls a switch that connects the end of

the coil at pin 3 to ground or to open circuit. The f

COIL

signal is a 94% duty cycle signal switching at 1/8 the

oscillator frequency. For a 64kHz oscillator f

COIL

is 8kHz.

During the time when the f

COIL

signal is high, the coil is

connected from V

BATTERY

to ground and a charged mag-

netic field is created in the coil. During the low part of f

COIL

the ground connection is switched open, the field col-

lapses and the energy in the inductor is forced to flow

toward the high voltage H-bridge switches. f

COIL

will send

16 of these charge pulses (see

Figure 5)

to the lamp, each

pulse increases the voltage drop across the lamp in

discrete steps. As the voltage potential approaches its

maximum, the steps become smaller (see

Figure 4).

The H-bridge consists of two proprietary low on-resis-

tance high-voltage switches. These two switches control

the polarity of how the lamp is charged. The high-voltage

switches are controlled by the f

LAMP

signal which is the

oscillator frequency divided by 256. For a 64kHz oscillator,

LAMP

= 256Hz. The direction of current flow is determined

by which high-voltage switch is enabled. One full cycle of

the H-bridge will create 16 voltage steps from ground to

80V (typical) on pins 4 and 5 which are 180 degrees out of

phase from each other (see

Figure 6).

A differential repre-

sentation of the outputs is shown in

Figure 7.

Layout Considerations

The ZSP4422A circuit board layout must observe careful

analog precautions. For applications with noisy voltage

power supplies a 0.1µF low ESR decoupling capacitor

must be connected from V

to ground. Any high voltage

traces should be isolated from any digital clock traces or

enable lines. A solid ground plane connection is strongly

recommended. All traces to the coil or to the high voltage

outputs should be kept as short as possible to minimize

capacitive coupling to digital clock lines and to reduce EMI

emissions.

Electroluminescent Technology

What is Electroluminescence?

An EL lamp is basically a strip of plastic that is coated with

a phosphorous material which emits light (fluoresces)

when a high voltage (>40V) which was first applied across

it, is removed or reversed. Long periods of DC voltages

applied to the material tend to breakdown the material and

reduce its lifetime. With these considerations in mind, the

ideal signal to drive an EL lamp is a high voltage sine

wave. Traditional approaches to achieving this type of

waveform included discrete circuits incorporating a trans-

former, transistors, and several resistors and capacitors.

Zywyn

March 2004

rev. 01

Zywyn Corporation

This approach is large and bulky, and cannot be imple-

mented in most hand held equipment. Zywyn now offers

low power single chip driver circuits specifically designed

to drive small to medium sized electroluminescent panels.

All that is required is one external inductor and capacitor.

Electroluminescent backlighting is ideal when used with

LCD displays, keypads, or other backlit readouts. Its main

use is to illuminate displays in dim to dark conditions for

momentary periods of time. EL lamps typically consume

ZSP4422A

less than LEDs or bulbs making them ideal for battery

powered products. Also, EL lamps are able to evenly light

an area without creating “hot spots” in the display. The

amount of light emitted is a function of the voltage applied

to the lamp, the frequency at which it is applied, the lamp

material used and its size, and lastly, the inductor used.

There are many variables which can be optimized for

specific applications.

Typical Application

Figure 2. Typical Application Circuit

Contact the factory for any technical and application support.

Test Circuit

5mH/18Ω

HON=V

=ON

HON=0V=OFF

=3V

OSC

=100pF

HON

Coil

EL2

Cap2

Cap1

EL1

ZSP4422A

100Ω

17nF

0.1µF Low ESR

Decoupling

Capacitor

NOTE:

Keep coil as close to the

ZSP4422A as possible

NOTE:

Keep high voltage traces

short and away from V

and

clock lines

Zywyn

Figure 3. Typical Test Circuit

March 2004

rev. 01

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