DS1212
Nonvolatile Controller x 16 Chip
www.dalsemi.com
FEATURES
Converts full CMOS RAM into nonvolatile
memory
Unconditionally write protects when V
CC
is
out of tolerance
Automatically switches to battery when
power-fail occurs
4 to 16 decoder provides control for up to 16
CMOS RAMs
Consumes less than 100 nA of battery
current
Tests battery condition on power-up
Provides for redundant batteries
Power fail signal can be used to interrupt
processor on power failure
Optional 5% or 10% power-fail detection
Optional 28-pin PLCC surface mount
package
Optional industrial temperature range of
-40°C to +85°C
PIN ASSIGNMENT
VBAT1
VCCO
TOL
PF
CE15
CE14
CE13
CE12
CE11
D
C
B
A
GND
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
VCCI
VBAT2
CE
CE0
CE1
CE2
CE3
CE4
CE5
CE6
CE7
CE8
CE9
CE10
28-Pin DIP (600-mil)
See Mech. Drawings Section
PF
TOL
VCCO
VBAT1
VCCI
VBAT2
CE
4
3
2
1
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
PIN DESCRIPTION
A, B, C, D
CE
CE0
-
CE15
GND
V
BAT1
V
BAT2
TOL
V
CCI
V
CCO
PF
- Address Inputs
- Chip Enable
- Chip Enable Outputs
- Ground
- + Battery 1
- + Battery 2
- Power Supply Tolerance
- +5V Supply
- RAM Supply
- Power Fail
CE15
CE14
CE13
CE12
CE11
D
C
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
CE0
CE1
CE2
CE3
CE4
CE5
CE6
28-Pin PLCC
See Mech. Drawings Section
DESCRIPTION
The DS1212 Nonvolatile Controller x16 Chip is a CMOS circuit that solves the application problem of
converting CMOS RAMs into nonvolatile memories. Incoming power is monitored for an out-of-
tolerance condition. When such a condition is detected, the chip enables are inhibited to accomplish write
protection and the battery is switched on to supply the RAMs with uninterrupted power. Special circuitry
uses a low-leakage CMOS process that affords precise voltage detection at extremely low battery
consumption.
1 of 7
111899
B
A
GND
CE10
CE9
CE8
CE7
DS1212
By combining the DS1212 Nonvolatile Controller chip and lithium batteries, nonvolatile RAM operation
can be achieved for up to 16 CMOS memories.
OPERATION
The DS1212 performs six circuit functions required to decode and battery back up a bank of up to 16
RAMs. First, the 4-to-16 decoder provides selection of one of 16 RAMs. Second, a switch is provided to
direct power from the battery or V
CCI
supply, depending on which is greater. This switch has a voltage
drop of less than 0.2V. The third function the DS1212 provides is power-fail detection. It constantly
monitors the V
CCI
supply. When V
CCI
falls below 4.75 volts or 4.5 volts, depending on the level of
tolerance Pin 3, a precision comparator outputs a power-fail detect signal to the decoder/chip enable logic
and the
PF
signal is driven low. The
PF
signal will remain low until V
CCI
is back in normal limits.
The fourth function of write protection is accomplished by holding all chip enable outputs (
CE0
-
CE15
) to
within 0.2 volts of V
CCI
or battery supply. If
CE
is low at the time power fail detection occurs, the chip
enable outputs are kept in their present state until
CE
is driven high. The delay of write protection until
the current memory cycle is completed prevents corruption of data. Power-fail detection occurs in the
range of 4.75 volts to 4.5 volts with tolerance Pin 3 grounded. If Pin 3 is connected to V
CCO
, then power-
fail occurs in the range of 4.5 volts to 4.25 volts. During nominal supply conditions the chip enable
outputs follow the logic of a 4-to-16 decoder, shown in Figure 1.
The fifth function the DS1212 performs is a battery status warning so that data loss is avoided. Each time
the circuit is powered up, the battery voltage is checked with a precision comparator. If the battery
voltage is less than 2 volts, the second memory cycle is inhibited. Battery status can, therefore, be
determined by performing a read cycle after power-up to any location in memory, verifying that memory
location content. A subsequent write cycle can then be executed to the same memory location, altering the
data. If the next read cycle fails to verify the written data, then the batteries are less than 2.0 volts and
data is in danger of being corrupted.
The sixth function of the DS1212 provides for battery redundancy. In many applications, data integrity is
paramount. In these applications it is often desirable to use two batteries to ensure reliability. The
DS1212 provides an internal isolation switch which allows the connection of two batteries during battery
backup operation. The battery with the highest voltage is selected for use. If one battery should fail, the
other will then assume the load. The switch to a redundant battery is transparent to circuit operation and
the user. A battery status warning will only occur if both batteries are less than 2.0 volts. For single
battery applications the unused battery input must be grounded.
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DS1212
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
Voltage on Any Pin Relative to Ground
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Soldering Temperature
*
-0.3V to +7.0V
0°C to 70°C
-55°C to +125°C
260°C for 10 seconds
This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions
above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods of time may affect reliability.
RECOMMENDED DC OPERATING CONDITIONS
PARAMETER
Pin 3 = GND Supply Voltage
Pin 3 = V
CCO
Supply Voltage
Logic 1 Input
Logic 0 Input
Battery Input
SYMBOL
V
CCI
V
CCO
V
IH
V
IL
V
BAT1
,
V
BAT2
MIN
4.75
4.5
2.2
-0.3
2.0
TYP
5.0
5.0
MAX
5.5
5.5
V
CC
+0.3
+0.8
4.0
(0°C to 70°C)
UNITS
V
V
V
V
V
NOTES
1
1
1
1
1, 2
(0°C to 70°C; V
CCI
= 4.75 to 5.5V PIN 3 = GND)
(0°C to 70°C; V
CCI
= 4.5 to 5.5V, PIN 3 = V
CCO
)
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PARAMETER
Supply Current
Supply Current @
V
CCO
= V
CCI
-0.2
Input Leakage
Output Leakage
CE0
-
CE15
,
PF
Output @ 2.4V
CE0
-
CE15
,
PF
Output @ 0.4V
V
CC
Trip Point (TOL=GND)
V
CC
Trip Point (TOL=V
CCO
)
SYMBOL
I
CCI
I
CCO1
I
IL
I
LO
I
OH
I
OL
V
CCTP
V
CCTP
MIN
TYP
MAX
5
80
+1.0
+1.0
4.0
4.74
4.49
UNITS
mA
mA
µA
µA
mA
mA
V
V
NOTES
3
1, 4 ,10
-1.0
-1.0
-1.0
4.50
4.25
4.62
4.37
5
5
1
1
(0°C to 70°C; V
CCI
< V
BAT
)
PARAMETER
CE0
-CE15 Output
Battery Current
Battery Backup Current
@ V
CCO
= V
BAT1
– 0.5V
SYMBOL
V
OHL
I
BAT
I
CC2
MIN
V
BAT
-0.2
TYP
MAX
0.1
100
UNITS
V
µA
µA
NOTES
3, 7
2, 3
6, 10, 11
4 of 7
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