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Assume that data is read from 8-bit AD (if it is a higher-bit AD, the data type can be defined as int), the subroutine is get_ad(); 1. Limited secondary filtering /* A value can be adjust...[Details]

1. Introduction Since the 1980s, with the continuous development of automotive electronic technology, there are more and more electronic control units in automobiles, such as electronic fuel i...[Details]

0. Introduction In daily life, we often see some special-purpose vehicles. When these vehicles pass through intersections, they often obtain the right of way at intersections by temporarily op...[Details]

Floating-point digital signal processing has become a constant requirement for precision technology, often in applications requiring high accuracy in areas such as aviation, industrial machinery, a...[Details]

1 Introduction Solar street lights are mainly composed of four parts: solar photovoltaic cell components, batteries, charge and discharge controllers, and lighting fixtures. The bo...[Details]

Introduction Power subsystems are becoming more and more integrated into the overall system. Power systems have moved from being separate "essential dangerous devices" to being monitorable...[Details]

1 Introduction There have been many studies on the detection and protection of power grid short circuit and line fault. The short circuit, overload and overvoltage protectors on the market have ...[Details]

Overview In spectral measurement, photomultiplier tubes (PMT) and charge-coupled devices (CCD) are often used as photoelectric converters. PMT is used in slow-changing, high-precision spectral...[Details]

The concept of state machine State machine is an important concept in software programming. More important than this concept is its flexible application. In a clear and efficient program, ther...[Details]

Single-chip microcomputers are widely used because of their small size, powerful functions and low price. This article introduces the method of designing a micro electronic piano using the AT89C51 sin...[Details]

Capacitance Measurement Used to verify that capacitors meet the manufacturer's specifications. For quality control, a group of capacitors may be placed in an environmental chamber and the cap...[Details]

Problems such as the depletion of natural resources, air pollution, traffic congestion, and rising fossil fuel prices have forced societies and individuals to seek alternative means of transportati...[Details]

1. Disadvantages of choosing too high a voltage level Choosing too high a voltage level will result in too high an investment and a long payback period. As the voltage level increases, the...[Details]

Motors, especially those with brushes, generate a lot of noise. This noise must be dealt with if the appliance is to meet the requirements of EMC standards. The means to solve EMC are nothing more ...[Details]

Introduction Automakers are working to reduce vehicle weight to reduce CO2 emissions and improve fuel efficiency. Designers are therefore seeking new technologies and design techniques that can...[Details]