19-2945; Rev 3; 3/04
KIT
ATION
EVALU
E
BL
AVAILA
Low-Voltage, Quad, Hot-Swap
Controllers/Power Sequencers
General Description
Features
♦
Safe Hot Swap for +1V to +13.2V Power Supplies
with Any Input Voltage (V
IN_
≥
2.7V and Only One
V
IN_
> 11.0V)
♦
Adjustable Circuit Breaker/Current-Limit
Threshold from 25mV to 100mV
♦
Configurable Tracking, Sequencing, or
Independent Operation Modes
♦
VariableSpeed/BiLevel Circuit-Breaker Response
♦
Internal Charge Pumps Generate N-Channel
MOSFET Gate Drives
♦
Inrush Current Regulated at Startup
♦
Autoretry or Latched Fault Management
♦
Programmable Undervoltage Lockout
♦
Status Outputs Indicate Fault/Safe Condition
MAX5927/MAX5929
The MAX5927/MAX5929 +1V to +13.2V quad hot-swap
controllers provide complete protection for multisupply
systems. They allow the safe insertion and removal of cir-
cuit cards into live backplanes. These devices hot swap
multiple supplies ranging from +1V to +13.2V, provided
one supply is at or above +2.7V and only one supply is
above +11.0V. The input voltage rails (channels) can be
configured to sequentially turn-on/off, track each other,
or have completely independent operation.
The discharged filter capacitors of the circuit card pro-
vide low impedance to the live backplane. High inrush
currents from the backplane to the circuit card can burn
up connectors and components, or momentarily collapse
the backplane power supply leading to a system reset.
The MAX5927/MAX5929 hot-swap controllers prevent
such problems by gradually ramping up the output volt-
age and regulating the current to a preset limit when the
board is plugged in, allowing the system to stabilize
safely. After the startup cycle is complete, on-chip com-
parators provide VariableSpeed/BiLevel™ protection
against short-circuit and overcurrent faults, and provide
immunity against system noise and load transients. The
load is disconnected in the event of a fault condition. The
MAX5929A automatically restarts after a fault condition,
while the MAX5929L must be unlatched. The MAX5927
fault management mode is selectable.
The MAX5927/MAX5929 offer a variety of options to
reduce external component count and design time. All
devices integrate an on-board charge pump to drive
the gates of low-cost external N-channel MOSFETs, an
adjustable startup timer, and an adjustable current limit.
The devices offer integrated features like startup cur-
rent regulation and current glitch protection to eliminate
external timing resistors and capacitors. The
MAX5929_L provides an open-drain active-low status
output for each channel, the MAX5929_H provides an
open-drain active-high status output for each channel,
and the MAX5927 status output polarity is selectable.
The MAX5927 is available in a 32-pin thin QFN package
and the MAX5929 is available in a 24-pin QSOP pack-
age. All devices are specified over the extended tem-
perature range, -40°C to +85°C.
Ordering Information
PART
MAX5927ETJ
MAX5929LHEEG
MAX5929LLEEG
MAX5929AHEEG
MAX5929ALEEG
TEMP RANGE
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
PIN-PACKAGE
32 Thin QFN-EP
24 QSOP
24 QSOP
24 QSOP
24 QSOP
EP = Exposed paddle.
Selector Guide and Typical Operating Circuit appear at end
of data sheet.
Pin Configurations
LIM1
MODE
ON1
ON2
ON3
TOP VIEW
ON4
POL
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
LIM2
IN1
SENSE1
GATE1
LIM4
IN4
SENSE4
GATE4
STAT1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
IN2
SENSE2
GATE2
LIM3
N.C.
IN3
SENSE3
GATE3
MAX5927
20
19
18
17
Applications
PCI Express Hot Plug
Hot Plug-In Daughter Cards
RAID
Power-Supply
Sequencing/Tracking
Basestation Line Cards
Portable Computer Device
Bays (Docking Stations)
Network Switches, Routers,
Hubs
9
STAT2
TIM
STAT4
LATCH
STAT3
BIAS
N.C.
THIN QFN
VariableSpeed/BiLevel is a trademark of Maxim Integrated
Products, Inc.
Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet.
1
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
GND
Low-Voltage, Quad, Hot-Swap
Controllers/Power Sequencers
MAX5927/MAX5929
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(All voltages referenced to GND, unless otherwise noted.)
IN_ ..........................................................................-0.3V to +14V
GATE_.............................................................-0.3V to (IN_ + 6V)
BIAS (Note 1) .............................................. (V
IN
- 0.3V) to +14V
ON_, STAT_, LIM_ (MAX5927), TIM, MODE,
LATCH (MAX5927), POL (MAX5927)
(Note 1) .....................................................-0.3V to (V
IN
+ 0.3V)
SENSE_........................................................-0.3V to (IN_ + 0.3V)
Current into Any Pin..........................................................±50mA
Note 1:
V
IN
is the largest of V
IN1
, V
IN2
, V
IN3
, and V
IN4
.
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
24-Pin QSOP (derate 9.5mW/°C above +70°C)............762mW
32-Pin Thin QFN (derate 21.3mW/°C above +70°C) ..1702mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature .....................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
IN_
= +1V to +13.2V provided at least one supply is larger than or equal to +2.7V and only one supply is > +11.0V, T
A
= -40°C to
+85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
IN1
= 12.0V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
IN4
= 1.0V, V
ON_
= +3.3V, and
T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
POWER SUPPLIES
IN_ Input Voltage Range
Supply Current
CURRENT CONTROL
LIM_ = GND,
MAX5927/MAX5929
(Note 4)
V
SC,TH
T
A
= +25°C
T
A
= -40°C to +85°C
22.5
21.0
80
R
LIM_
x 7.5 x
10
-6
+ 25mV
3
130
2x
V
SC,TH
10mV overdrive, from overload condition
V
SENSE_
= V
IN_
R
TIM
= 100kΩ
Startup Period (Note 5)
t
START
R
TIM
= 4kΩ (minimum value)
TIM floating (default)
8.0
0.30
5
200
0.03
10.8
0.4
9
1
13.6
0.55
14
ms
ms
µs
mV
ns
µA
25
27.5
27.5
125
mV
V
IN_
I
Q
At least one V
IN_
≥
+2.7V and only one
V
IN_
> +11.0V
I
IN1
+ I
IN2
+ I
IN3
+ I
IN4
, V
ON_
= 2.7V,
V
IN_
= +13.2V, after STAT_ asserts
1.0
2.5
13.2
5
V
mA
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Slow-Comparator Threshold
(V
IN_
- V
SENSE_
)
(Note 3)
R
LIM_
= 10kΩ (MAX5927)
R
LIM_
from LIM_ to GND (MAX5927)
Slow-Comparator Response Time
(Note 4)
Fast-Comparator Threshold
(V
IN_
- V
SENSE_
)
Fast-Comparator Response Time
SENSE_ Input Bias Current
MOSFET DRIVER
t
SCD
V
FC,TH
t
FCD
I
B SENSE_
1mV overdrive
50mV overdrive
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Voltage, Quad, Hot-Swap
Controllers/Power Sequencers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
IN_
= +1V to +13.2V provided at least one supply is larger than or equal to +2.7V and only one supply is > +11.0V, T
A
= -40°C to
+85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
IN1
= 12.0V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
IN4
= 1.0V, V
ON_
= +3.3V, and
T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
Charging, V
GATE_
= GND, V
IN_
= 5V
(Note 6)
Discharging, during startup
Average Gate Current
I
GATE
Discharging, normal turn-off or triggered by
the slow comparator after startup,
V
GATE_
= 5V, V
IN_
= 10V, V
ON_
= 0V
Discharging, triggered by a fault after
startup, V
GATE_
= 5V, V
IN_
= 10V,
(V
IN_
- V
SENSE_
) > V
FC,TH
(Note 7)
Gate-Drive Voltage
ON COMPARATOR
ON_ Threshold
ON_ Propagation Delay
ON_ Voltage Range
ON_ Input Bias Current
ON_ Pulse Width Low
DIGITAL OUTPUTS (STAT_)
Output Leakage Current
Output Voltage Low
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (UVLO)
UVLO Threshold
UVLO Hysteresis
UVLO Glitch Filter Reset Time
UVLO to Startup Delay
Input Power-Ready Threshold
Input Power-Ready Hysteresis
LOGIC AND TIMING
POL Input Pullup
LATCH Input Pullup
MODE Input Voltage
Independent Mode Selection
Threshold
Tracking Mode Selection
Threshold
I
POL
I
LATCH
V
MODE
V
INDEP, TH
POL = GND (MAX5927)
LATCH = GND (MAX5927)
MODE floating (default to sequencing
mode)
V
MODE
rising
2.7
2
2
1.0
4
4
1.25
6
6
1.5
0.4
µA
µA
V
V
V
V
UVLO
V
UVLO,HYST
t
D, GF
t
D,UVLO
V
PWRRDY
V
PWRHYST
V
IN
< V
UVLO
maximum pulse width to reset
Time input voltage must exceed V
UVLO
before startup is initiated
(Note 9)
20
0.9
37.5
0.95
50
Startup is initiated when this threshold is
reached by any V
IN_
and V
ON_
> 0.9V
(Note 8)
2.25
250
10
60
1.0
2.65
V
mV
µs
ms
V
mV
V
OL_
V
STAT_
≤
13.2V
POL = floating (MAX5927), I
SINK
= 1mA
1
0.4
µA
V
V
ON_
I
BON_
t
UNLATCH
V
ON_,TH
Low to high
Hysteresis
10mV overdrive
Without false output inversion
V
ON_
= V
IN
To unlatch after a latched fault
100
0.03
0.85
0.875
25
10
V
IN
1
0.90
V
mV
µs
V
µA
µs
V
DRIVE
V
GATE_
- V
IN_
, I
GATE_
= 1µA
2
MIN
80
TYP
100
100
3
7
mA
30
4.9
50
5.3
120
5.6
V
MAX
125
UNITS
µA
MAX5927/MAX5929
V
TRACK, TH
V
MODE
rising
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
Low-Voltage, Quad, Hot-Swap
Controllers/Power Sequencers
MAX5927/MAX5929
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
IN_
= +1V to +13.2V provided at least one supply is larger than or equal to +2.7V and only one supply is > +11.0V, T
A
= -40°C to
+85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
IN1
= 12.0V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
IN4
= 1.0V, V
ON_
= +3.3V, and
T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
MODE Input Impedance
Autoretry Delay
SYMBOL
R
MODE
t
RETRY
Delay time to restart after fault shutdown
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
200
64 x
t
START
MAX
UNITS
kΩ
ms
Note 2:
All devices are 100% tested at T
A
= +25°C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed by design.
Note 3:
The slow-comparator threshold is adjustable. V
SC,TH
= R
LIM
x 7.5µA + 25mV (see the
Typical Operating Characteristics).
Note 4:
The current-limit slow-comparator response time is weighed against the amount of overcurrent—the higher the overcurrent
condition, the faster the response time (see the
Typical Operating Characteristics).
Note 5:
The startup period (t
START
) is the time during which the slow comparator is ignored and the device acts as a current limiter
by regulating the sense current with the fast comparator (see the
Startup Period
section).
Note 6:
The current available at GATE is a function of V
GATE
(see the
Typical Operating Characteristics).
Note 7:
After a fault triggered by the fast comparator, the gate is discharged by the strong discharge current.
Note 8:
Each channel input while the other inputs are at +1V.
Note 9:
Each channel input while any other input is at +3.3V.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Typical Operating Circuits, Q1 = Q2 = Q3 = Q4 = Fairchild FDB7090L, V
IN1
= 12V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
IN4
= 1.0V, T
A
=
+25°C, unless otherwise noted. Channels 1 through 4 are identical in performance. Where characteristics are interchangeable,
channels 1 through 4 are referred to as W, X, Y, and Z.)
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX5927 toc01
TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX5927 toc02
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
V
ON_
= V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
INW
= 2.8V
I
INW
+ I
INX
+ I
INY
+ I
INZ
2.0
I
IN
(mA)
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
I
INX
+ I
INY
+ I
INZ
I
INW
MAX5927 toc03
4
V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
3
I
IN
(mA)
5.0
4.5
4.0
I
IN
(mA)
3.5
3.0
2.5
V
ON
= 0V
2.0
V
ON
= 3.3V
1.5
I
IN
= I
IN1
+ I
IN2
+ I
IN3
+ I
IN4
V
IN
= V
INW
= V
INX
= V
INY =
V
INZ
V
ON
= V
ON1
= V
ON2
= V
ON3
= V
ON4
3.0
2.5
I
INW
+ I
INX
+ I
INY
+ I
INZ
I
INW
2
1
I
INX
+ I
INY
+ I
INZ
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
V
INW
(V)
1.0
2
4
6
8
V
IN
(V)
10
12
14
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Voltage, Quad, Hot-Swap
Controllers/Power Sequencers
MAX5927/MAX5929
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Operating Circuits, Q1 = Q2 = Q3 = Q4 = Fairchild FDB7090L, V
IN1
= 12V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
IN4
= 1.0V, T
A
=
+25°C, unless otherwise noted. Channels 1 through 4 are identical in performance. Where characteristics are interchangeable,
channels 1 through 4 are referred to as W, X, Y, and Z.)
GATE-DRIVE VOLTAGE
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX5927 toc04
GATE CHARGE CURRENT
vs. GATE VOLTAGE
V
ONW
= V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
INW
= 13.2V
V
INW
= 5V
90
MAX5927 toc05
GATE CHARGE CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
V
INW
= 13.2V
GATE CHARGE CURRENT (µA)
160
MAX5927 toc06
8
V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
6
V
DRIVEW
(V)
150
200
GATE CHARGE CURRENT (µA)
120
120
V
INW
= 5V
80
4
60
V
INW
= 1V
30
2
40
V
ONW
= V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
GATEW
= 0V
0
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
V
INW
(V)
0
0
5
10
V
GATEW
(V)
15
20
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (NORMAL)
vs. GATE VOLTAGE
MAX5927 toc07
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (NORMAL)
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX5927 toc08
TURN-OFF TIME
vs. SENSE VOLTAGE
MAX5927 toc09
6
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (mA)
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (mA)
V
ONW
= 0V
V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
INW
= 13.2V
6
5
4
3
V
INW
= 3.3V
2
1
0
V
INW
= 5V
V
ONW
= 0V
V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
INW
= 13.2V
10
1
TURN-OFF TIME (ms)
0.1
SLOW-COMPARATOR
THRESHOLD
FAST-COMPARATOR
THRESHOLD
V
INW
= 5V
V
INW
= 3.3V
0.01
0.001
V
INW
= 1V
0.0001
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
0
25
50
V
INW
= 1V
4
8
12
16
20
75
100
125
V
GATEW
(V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
V
INW
- V
SENSEW
(mV)
TURN-OFF TIME vs. SENSE VOLTAGE
(EXPANDED SCALE)
MAX5927 toc10
SLOW-COMPARATOR THRESHOLD
vs. R
LIMW
MAX5927 toc11
STARTUP PERIOD
vs. R
TIM
MAX5927 toc12
10
120
100
80
V
SC,TH
(mV)
60
TURN-OFF TIME (ms)
40
t
START
(ms)
20
0
0
2
6
R
LIMW
(kΩ)
4
8
10
0
100
200
300
R
TIM
(kΩ)
400
500
1
60
40
20
SLOW-COMPARATOR THRESHOLD
0.1
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
V
INW
- V
SENSEW
(mV)
0
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
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