LRI512
Memory TAG IC 512 bit High Endurance EEPROM
13.56MHz, ISO 15693 Standard Compliant with E.A.S.
FEATURES SUMMARY
s
ISO15693 Standard: Fully Compliant
s
13.56 MHz ±7 kHz Carrier Frequency
s
To the LRI512:
10% or 100% ASK modulation using:
– 1/4 pulse position coding (26 kbit/s)
– 1/256 pulse position coding (1.6 kbit/s)
s
From the LRI512:
Load modulation using Manchester coding with
423 kHz and 484 kHz subcarrier in:
– Fast data rate (26 kbit/s)
– Low data rate (6.6 kbit/s)
s
Internal Tuning Capacitor
s
512 bits EEPROM with Block Lock Feature
s
64-bit Unique Identifier (UID)
s
EAS features
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READ block and WRITE block (32-bit blocks)
s
5 ms Programming Time (typical)
s
More than 100,000 Erase/Write Cycles
s
More than 40 Year Data Retention
Figure 1. Delivery Forms
Antenna
(A1T/ISOR, A1S/ISOR)
Antenna
(A2T/ISOK)
Antenna
(C40)
Wafer
July 2002
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LRI512
SUMMARY DESCRIPTION
The LRI512 is a contactless memory, powered by
an externally transmitted radio wave. It is fully
compliant with the ISO15693 recommendation for
radio-frequency power and signal interface.
The LRI512 contains 512 bits of Electrically
Erasable Programmable Memory (EEPROM). The
memory is organized as 16 blocks of 32 bits.
Figure 2. Logic Diagram
LRI512
Power
Supply
Regulator
512 bit
EEPROM
ASK
Demodulator
Manchester
Load
Modulator
AC1
Table 2. LRI512 Memory Map
Addr 0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
7
8
15
16
23
24
31
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
User Area
AC0
12
13
AI04008B
14
15
The LRI512 is accessed by modulating the
13.56 MHz carrier frequency. Incoming data are
demodulated from the received signal amplitude
modulation (ASK, Amplitude Shift Keying). The
received ASK wave is 10% or 100% modulated
(amplitude modulation). The Data transfer rate is
1.6 kbit/s using the 1/256 pulse coding mode and
26 kbit/s using the 1/4 pulse coding modes.
Outgoing data are generated by antenna load
variation, using the Manchester coding, using one
or two sub-carrier frequencies at 423 kHz and
484 kHz. The Data transfer rate is 6.6 kbit/s, in the
low data rate mode, and 26 kbit/s, in the fast data
rate mode.
Table 1. Signal Names
AC1
AC0
Antenna Coil
Antenna Coil
UID 0
UID 4
AFI
UID 1
UID 5
UID 2
UID 6
UID 3
UID 7
Memory Mapping
The LRI512 is divided in 16 blocks of 32 bits. Each
block can be individually Write Protected using a
specific Lock command.
The User Area consists of blocks that are always
accessible in READ. WRITE commands are pos-
sible if the addressed block is not locked. During a
WRITE, the 32 bits of the block are replaced by the
new 32-bit value.
The LRI512 also has a 64-bit block that is used to
store the 64-bit Unique Identifier (UID). This UID is
compliant to the ISO15963 description, and its val-
ue is used during the anti-collision sequence (IN-
VENTORY). This block is not accessible by the
user, and the value is written by ST on the produc-
tion line.
The LRI512 also has an AFI register in which the
Application Family Identifier is stored, for use in
the anti-collision algorithm.
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LRI512
Commands
The LRI512 supports the following commands:
–
INVENTORY
: used to perform the anti-collision
sequence.
–
STAY QUIET:
to put the LRI512 in quiet mode.
The LRI512 is then deselected and does not re-
spond to any command.
–
SELECT:
used to select the LRI512. After this
command, the LRI512 processes all READ/
WRITE commands with the Select_Flag set.
–
RESET TO READY:
to put the LRI512 in the
ready state.
–
READ BLOCK:
to output the 32 bits of the se-
lected block and its locking status.
–
WRITE BLOCK:
to write the 32-bit value in the
selected block, provided that it is not locked.
–
LOCK BLOCK:
to lock the selected block. After
this command, the block cannot be modified.
–
WRITE AFI:
to write the 8-bit value in the AFI
register, provided that it is not locked.
–
LOCK AFI:
to lock the AFI register.
–
ACTIVATE EAS:
to set the non volatile EAS bit.
When the EAS bit is set, the LRI512 answers to
the POOL EAS command.
–
DEACTIVATE EAS:
to reset the non volatile
EAS bit, so that the LRI512 no longer answers
to the POOL EAS command.
–
POOL EAS
: used to request all LRI512s in the
Reader field to generate the EAS signal, provid-
ed that their EAS bit is set.
Initial Dialogue for Vicinity Cards
The dialogue between the Vicinity Coupling De-
vice (VCD) and the Vicinity Integrated Circuit Card
(LRI512) is conducted through the following con-
secutive operations:
– activation of the LRI512 by the RF operating
field of the VCD.
– transmission of a command by the VCD.
– transmission of a response by the LRI512.
These operations use the RF power transfer and
communication signal interface specified in the fol-
lowing paragraphs. This technique is called Read-
er Talk First (RTF).
Power Transfer
Power transfer to the LRI512 is accomplished by
radio frequency at 13.56 MHz via coupling anten-
nas in the LRI512 and in the VCD. The RF operat-
ing field of the VCD is transformed on the LRI512
antenna as an AC voltage which is re-dressed, fil-
tered and internally regulated. The amplitude
modulation (ASK) on this received signal is de-
modulated by the ASK demodulator.
Frequency
The ISO15693 standard defines the carrier fre-
quency (
f
c
) of the operating field to be
13.56 MHz ± 7 kHz.
Operating Field
The LRI512 operates continuously between H
min
and H
max
.
– The minimum operating field is H
min
and has a
value of 150 mA/m rms.
– The maximum operating field is H
max
and has a
value of 5 A/m rms.
A VCD shall generate a field of at least H
min
and
not exceeding H
max
in the operating volume.
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LRI512
COMMUNICATION SIGNAL FROM VCD TO LRI512
Figure 3. 100% Modulation Waveform
Since the LRI512 is fully compliant with the
ISO15693 recommendation, the descriptions and
illustrations that follow are very heavily based on
those of the ISO/IEC documents: ISO/IEC 15693-
a
2:2000(E) and ISO/IEC 15693-3:2001(E). This
105%
100%
has been done with the kind permission of the ISO
95%
Copyright Office.
60%
Communications between the VCD and the
LRI512 takes place using the modulation principle
of ASK (amplitude modulation). Two modulation
5%
indices are used, 10% and 100%. The LRI512 de-
codes both. The VCD determines which index is
t
used.
tRFR
tRFF
tRFSBL
The modulation index is defined as [a-b]/[a+b]
AI06683
where a and b are the peak and minimum signal
amplitude, respectively, of the carrier frequency.
Depending of the choice made by the VCD, a
“pause” will be created as described in Figure 3
and Figure 4.
Table 3. 10% Modulation Parameters
The LRI512 is operational for any degree of mod-
ulation index from between 10% and 30%.
hr
0.1 x (a-b)
max
hf
0.1 x (a-b)
max
Figure 4. 10% Modulation Waveform
hf
hr
tRFF
tRFSFL
tRFR
a
b
t
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LRI512
DATA RATE AND DATA CODING
The data coding implemented in the LRI512 uses
pulse position modulation. Both data coding
modes that are described in the ISO15693 are
supported by the LRI512. The selection is made
by the VCD and indicated to the LRI512 within the
Start of Frame (SOF).
Data Coding Mode: 1 Out of 256
The value of one single byte is represented by the
position of one pause. The position of the pause
on 1 of 256 successive time periods of 18.88 µs
(256/f
C
), determines the value of the byte. In this
Figure 5. 1 Out of 256 Coding Mode
case the transmission of one byte takes 4.833 ms
and the resulting data rate is 1.65 kbit/s (f
C
/8192).
Figure 5 illustrates this pulse position modulation
technique. In this figure, data E1h (225d) is sent by
the VCD to the LRI512.
The pause shall occur during the second half of
the position of the time period that determines the
value, as shown in Figure 6.
A pause during the first period transmit the data
value 00h. A pause during the last period transmits
the data value FFh (255d).
9.44 µs
Pulse
Modulated
Carrier
18.88 µs
0 1
2
3
. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
2
2
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.833 ms
2
5
2
2
5
3
2
5
4
2
5
5
AI06656
Figure 6. Detail of One Time Period
9.44 µs
18.88 µs
Pulse
Modulated
Carrier
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2
2
4
2
2
5
2
2
6
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Time Period
one of 256
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