DATASHEET
ISL9238
Buck-Boost Narrow VDC Battery Charger with SMBus Interface and USB OTG
The
ISL9238
is a buck-boost Narrow Output Voltage DC (NVDC)
charger. The ISL9238 provides the NVDC charging , system bus
regulation and protection features for tablet, Ultrabook,
notebook, power bank, and any USB-C interface platform. The
advanced Renesas R3™ Technology provides high light-load
efficiency and fast transient response.
In Charging mode, the ISL9238 takes input power from a wide
range of DC power sources (conventional AC/DC charger
adapters, USB PD ports, travel adapters, etc.) and safely charges
battery packs with up to 4-series cell Li-ion batteries.
As a NVDC topology charger, it also regulates the system output to
a narrow DC range for stable system bus voltage. The system
power can be provided from the adapter, battery, or a
combination of both. The ISL9238 can operate with only a
battery, only an adapter, or both connected. For Intel IMVP8
compliant systems the ISL9238 includes PSYS (System power
monitor) functionality, which provides an analog signal
representing total platform power. The PSYS output connects to a
wide range of IMVP8 core regulators to provide an IMVP8
compliant power domain function.
The ISL9238 supports reverse buck, boost, or buck-boost
operation to input port from 2- to 4-cell batteries.
The ISL9238 has serial communication using SMBus/I
2
C that
allows programming of many critical parameters to deliver a
customized solution.
FN8877
Rev.6.00
May 31, 2018
Features
• Buck-boost NVDC charger for 1-, 2-, 3-, or 4-cell Li-ion batteries
• Input voltage range 3.2V to 23.4V (no dead zone)
• System output voltage 2.4V to 18.304V
• Autonomous charging option (automatic end of charging)
• System power monitor PSYS output, IMVP compliant
• Up to 1MHz switching frequency
• Adapter current and battery current monitor (AMON/BMON)
• PROCHOT# open-drain output, IMVP compliant
• Allows trickle charging of depleted battery
• Ideal diode control in Turbo mode
• Reverse buck, boost, and buck-boost operation from battery
• Two-level adapter current limit available
• Battery Ship mode option
• SMBus and auto-increment I
2
C compatible
• 4x4 32 Ld TQFN package
Applications
• 1 to 4-cell tablet, Ultrabook, notebook, power bank, and any
USB-C interface portable device requiring batteries
Related Literature
For a full list of related documents please visit our web pages
•
ISL9238
product page
VADP
OPTIONAL
R
s1
VSYS
Q1
Q4
L1
Q2
Q3
UGATE1
UGATE2
PHASE1
PHASE2
LGATE1
LGATE2
BOOT1
BOOT2
CSIN
CSIP
ASGATE
VSYS
CSOP
R
s2
CSON
ADP
ACIN
ACOK
PROCHOT#
AMON/BMON
BATGONE
OTGEN/CMIN
ISL9238
GND
BGATE
VBAT
OTGPG/CMOUT
PSYS
VBAT
COMP
PROG
FIGURE 1. TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
FN8877 Rev.6.00
May 31, 2018
DCIN
VDDP
SDA
VDD
SCL
Page 1 of 46
ISL9238
Table of Contents
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Pin Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Pin Descriptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Simplified Application Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Thermal Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
SMBUS Timing Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Gate Driver Timing Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Typical Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
General SMBus Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Data Validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
START and STOP Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
SMBus Transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Byte Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
SMBus and I
2
C Compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
ISL9238 SMBus Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Setting Charging Current Limit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Setting Adapter Current Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Setting Maximum Charging Voltage or System Regulating
Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Setting Minimum System Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Setting PROCHOT# Threshold for Adapter Overcurrent
Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Setting PROCHOT# Threshold for Battery Over Discharging
Current Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Setting PROCHOT# Debounce Time and Duration Time. . . . 24
Control Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
OTG Voltage Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
OTG Current Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Input Voltage Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Information Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Application Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
R3 Modulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ISL9238 Buck-Boost Charger with USB OTG . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Soft-Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Programming Charger Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Autonomous Charging Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Battery Ship Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DE Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Source Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Battery Learn Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Turbo Mode Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Two-Level Adapter Current Limit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Current Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PSYS Monitor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trickle Charging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Voltage Regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Charger Timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
USB OTG (On the Go) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stand-Alone Comparator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adapter Overvoltage Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Battery Overvoltage Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Overvoltage Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Way Overcurrent Protection (WOCP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-Temperature Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Switching Power MOSFET Gate Capacitance . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adapter Input Filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Application Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selecting the LC Output Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selecting the Input Capacitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selecting the Switching Power MOSFET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selecting the Bootstrap Capacitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
32
33
34
34
35
35
35
35
36
36
36
37
37
37
37
37
38
38
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
40
40
40
41
41
Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Package Outline Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
FN8877 Rev.6.00
May 31, 2018
Page 2 of 46
ISL9238
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER
(Notes
2, 3)
ISL9238HRTZ
ISL9238HRTZ-T
ISL9238HRTZ-TK
ISL9238HRTZ-T7A
ISL9238IRTZ
ISL9238IRTZ-T
ISL9238EVAL1Z
NOTES:
1. Refer to
TB347
for details about reel specifications.
2. These Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets, molding compounds/die attach materials, and 100% matte tin plate
plus anneal (e3 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations). Pb-free products are
MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
3. For Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL), see the
ISL9238
product information page. For more information about MSL, see
TB363.
TABLE 1. KEY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN FAMILY OF PARTS
PART NUMBER
ISL9238
ISL9238A
I
2
C READ ADDRESS
0b00010011 (0x13H)
0b00011011 (0x1BH)
I
2
C WRITE ADDRESS
0b00010010 (0x12H)
0b00011010 (0x1AH)
PART MARKING
9238H
9238H
9238H
9238H
9238I
9238I
Evaluation Board
TEMP. RANGE
(°C)
-10 to +100
-10 to +100
-10 to +100
-10 to +100
-40 to +100
-40 to +100
TAPE AND REEL
(UNITS) (Note
1)
-
6k
1k
250
-
6k
PACKAGE
(RoHS COMPLIANT)
32 Ld 4x4 TQFN
32 Ld 4x4 TQFN
32 Ld 4x4 TQFN
32 Ld 4x4 TQFN
32 Ld 4x4 TQFN
32 Ld 4x4 TQFN
PKG.
DWG. #
L32.4x4D
L32.4x4D
L32.4x4D
L32.4x4D
L32.4x4D
L32.4x4D
FN8877 Rev.6.00
May 31, 2018
Page 3 of 46
ISL9238
Pin Configuration
ISL9238
(32 LD 4x4 TQFN)
TOP VIEW
OTGPG/CMOUT
26
AMON/BMON
32
CSON
CSOP
VSYS
BOOT2
UGATE2
PHASE2
LGATE2
VDDP
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
LGATE1
31
30
29
28
27
BATGONE
25
24
23
22
ACOK
PROCHOT#
SCL
SDA
OTGEN/CMIN
ACIN
VDD
DCIN
21
20
19
18
17
16
ADP
BGATE
COMP
13
ASGATE
GND
(BOTTOM PAD)
10
PHASE1
11
UGATE1
12
BOOT1
14
CSIN
PROG
PSYS
VBAT
15
CSIP
Pin Descriptions
PIN NUMBER
BOTTOM PAD
1
2
3
4
PIN NAME
GND
CSON
CSOP
VSYS
BOOT2
DESCRIPTION
Signal common to the IC. Unless otherwise stated, signals are referenced to the GND pin. It should also be used as the
thermal pad for heat dissipation.
Battery current sense “–” input. Connect to the battery current resistor negative input. Place a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor
between CSOP to CSON to provide Differential mode filtering.
Battery current sense “+” input. Connect to the battery current resistor positive input. Place a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor
between CSOP to CSON to provide Differential mode filtering.
Provides feedback voltage for MaxSystemVoltage regulation.
High-side MOSFET Q4 gate driver supply. Connect an MLCC capacitor across the BOOT2 and PHASE2 pins. The boot
capacitor is charged through an internal boot diode connected from the VDDP to BOOT2 pins when the PHASE2 pin
drops below VDDP minus the voltage drop across the internal boot diode.
High-side MOSFET Q4 gate drive.
Current return path for the high-side MOSFET Q4 gate drive. Connect this pin to the node consisting of the high-side
MOSFET Q4 source, the low-side MOSFET Q3 drain and the one terminal of the inductor.
Low-side MOSFET Q3 gate drive.
Power supply for the gate drivers. Connect to the VDD pin through a 4.7Ω resistor and connect a 1µF ceramic capacitor
to GND.
Low-side MOSFET Q2 gate drive.
Current return path for the high-side MOSFET Q1 gate drive. Connect this pin to the node consisting of the high-side
MOSFET Q1 source, the low-side MOSFET Q2 drain and the input terminal of the inductor.
High-side MOSFET Q1 gate drive.
High-side MOSFET Q1 gate driver supply. Connect an MLCC capacitor across the BOOT1 and PHASE1 pins. The boot
capacitor is charged through an internal boot diode connected from the VDDP to BOOT1 pins when the PHASE1 pin
drops below VDDP minus the voltage drop across the internal boot diode.
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
UGATE2
PHASE2
LGATE2
VDDP
LGATE1
PHASE1
UGATE1
BOOT1
FN8877 Rev.6.00
May 31, 2018
Page 4 of 46
ISL9238
Pin Descriptions
PIN NUMBER
13
14
15
16
17
18
PIN NAME
ASGATE
CSIN
CSIP
ADP
DCIN
VDD
DESCRIPTION
Gate drive output to the P-channel adapter FET. The use of ASGATE FETs is optional. If the ASGATE pin is not used, leave
it floating. When ASGATE turns on, it is clamped 10V below the ADP pin voltage.
Adapter current sense “-” input.
Adapter current sense “+” input. The modulator also uses this for sensing input voltage in forward mode and output
voltage in reverse mode.
Adapter input. Used to sense adapter voltage. When adapter voltage is higher than 3.2V, AGATE is turned on.
ADP pin is also one of the two internal low power LDO inputs.
Internal LDO input that provides power to the IC. Connect a diode OR from adapter and system outputs. Bypass this pin
with an MLCC capacitor.
Internal LDO output that provides the bias power for the internal analog and digital circuit. Connect a 1µF ceramic
capacitor to GND. If VDD is pulled below 2V more than 1ms, the ISL9238 resets all the SMBus register values to their
defaults.
Adapter voltage sense. Use a resistor divider externally to detect adapter voltage. The adapter voltage is valid if the ACIN
pin voltage is greater than 0.8V.
OTG function enable pin or stand-alone comparator input pin. Pull high to enable OTG function. The OTG function is
enabled when the control register is written to select OTG mode and when the battery voltage is above 5.2V.
When OTG function is not selected, this pin is the general purpose stand-alone comparator input.
SMBus data I/O. Connect to the data line from the host controller or smart battery. Connect a 10k pull-up resistor
according to SMBus specifications.
SMBus clock I/O. Connect to the clock line from the host controller or smart battery. Connect a 10k pull-up resistor
according to SMBus specifications.
Open-drain output. Pulled low when ACHOT, DCHOT or Low_VSYS is detected. IMVP-8 compliant. SMBus command to
pull low with OTGCURRENT, BAGONE, ACOK, and general purpose comparator (refer to
Table 15 on page 28).
Adapter presence indicator output to indicate the adapter is ready.
Input pin to the IC. Logic high on this pin indicates the battery has been removed. Logic low on this pin indicates the
battery is present. BATGONE pin logic high forces the BGATE FET to turn off in any circumstances.
Open-drain output. OTG function output power-good indicator or the stand-alone comparator output.
When OTG function is enabled, low if OTG output voltage is not within regulation window.
When OTG function is not used, it is the general purpose comparator output.
A resistor from PROG pin to GND sets the following configurations:
1. Default number of the battery cells in series: 1-, 2-, 3-, or 4-cell.
2. Default switching frequency 733kHz or 1MHz.
3. Default adapter current limit value 0.476A or 1.5A.
4. Autonomous Charging mode enable or disable
Refer to
Table 23
for programming options.
Error amplifier output. Connect a compensation network externally from COMP to GND.
Adapter current, OTG output current, battery charging current, or battery discharging current monitor output.
V
AMON
= 18x(V
CSIP
-V
CSIN
) for adapter current monitor
V
OTGCMON
= 18x(V
CSIN
-V
CSIP
) for OTG output current monitor
V
BMON_DISCHARGING
= 18x(V
CSON
-V
CSOP
) for battery discharging current monitor
V
BMON_CHARGING
= 36x(V
CSOP
-V
CSON
) for battery charging current monitor
Current source output that indicates the whole platform power consumption.
PSYS gain = 1.44µA/W (default) or 0.723µA/W
Battery voltage sensing. Used for trickle charging detection and Ideal Diode mode control. Connect to a >1µF ceramic
capacitor from VBAT pin to GND.
VBAT pin is also one of the two internal low power LDO inputs.
Gate drive output to the P-channel FET connecting the system and the battery. This pin can go high to disconnect the
battery, low to connect the battery or operate in a Linear mode to regulate trickle charge current during trickle charge.
When BGATE turns on, it is clamped 10V below VSYS pin voltage.
19
20
ACIN
OTGEN/
CMIN
SDA
SCL
PROCHOT#
ACOK
BATGONE
OTGPG/
CMOUT
PROG
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
COMP
AMON/
BMON
30
31
PSYS
VBAT
32
BGATE
FN8877 Rev.6.00
May 31, 2018
Page 5 of 46
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