ACPL-344JT-500E datasheet, PDF

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ACPL-344JT-500E: CategoryOther integrated circuit (IC) Drive chip; File Size306KB，17 Pages; ManufacturerAVAGO; Websitehttp://www.avagotech.com/

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ACPL-344JT

Automotive 2.5A Gate-Drive Optocoupler

with Integrated IGBT Desat Overcurrent Sensing,

Miller-Current Clamping, and Under-Voltage Lockout Feedback

Data Sheet

Description

The Avago Technologies Automotive 2.5A Gate-Drive

Optocoupler features fast propagation delay with

excellent timing-skew performance. Smart features that

are integrated to protect the IGBT include IGBT

desaturation sensing with soft-shutdown protection

and fault feedback, under-voltage lockout and feedback,

and active Miller-current clamping. This full-featured

and easy-to-implement IGBT gate-drive optocoupler

comes in a compact, surface-mountable SO-16 package

for space savings. It is suitable for traction power-train

inverter, power converter, battery charger, air-con, and

oil-pump motor drives in HEV and EV applications and

satisfies automotive AEC-Q100 semiconductor

requirements.

Avago's R

Coupler isolation products provide reinforced

insulation and reliability that deliver safe-signal isolation

critical in automotive and high-temperature industrial

applications.

Features

• Qualified to AEC-Q100 Grade 1 Test Guidelines

• Automotive temperature range: –40°C to +125°C

• Common Mode Rejection (CMR): >50 kV/μs at

= 1500V

• High Noise Immunity:

– Miller-Current Clamping

– Direct LED input with low-input impedance and

low-noise sensitivity

– Negative Gate Bias

• Peak output current: 2.5A max.

• Miller Clamp-Sinking Current: 1.9A max.

• Wide Operating Voltage: 15V to 25V

• Propagation delay: 250 ns max.

• Integrated fail-safe IGBT protection

– Desat sensing, 'Soft' IGBT turn-off, and Fault

Feedback

– Under-Voltage Lock-Out protection (UVLO) with

Feedback

• SO-16 package with 8 mm clearance and creepage

• Regulatory approvals:

– UL1577, CSA

– IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-5

Functional Diagram

VE VCC2

LED2+

VCC1

/UVLO

/FAULT

UVLO

Input

Driver

Output

Driver

Over

Current

DESAT

Applications

• Automotive isolated IGBT/MOSFET inverter gate drive

• Automotive DC-DC converter

• AC and brushless-DC motor drives

• Industrial inverters for power supplies and motor

controls

• Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS)

VEE1

SSD/

CLAMP

SS Control

Miller Control

VEE2 VEE2

Figure 1. ACPL-344JT Functional Diagram.

CAUTION:

It is advised that normal static precautions be taken in handling and assembly

of this component to prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by ESD.

Typical Application/Operation

Introduction to Fault Detection and Protection

The power stage of a typical three-phase inverter is susceptible to several types of failures, most of which are

potentially destructive to the power IGBTs. These failure modes can be grouped into four basic categories: phase and

rail supply short circuits due to user misconnect or bad wiring, control signal failures due to noise or computational

errors, overload conditions induced by the load, and component failures in the gate-drive circuitry. Under any of these

fault conditions, the current through the IGBTs can increase rapidly, causing excessive power dissipation and heating.

The IGBTs become damaged when the current load approaches the saturation current of the device, and the

collector-to-emitter voltage rises above the saturation voltage level. The drastically increased power dissipation

quickly overheats the power device and destroys it. To prevent damage to the drive, fault protection must be

implemented to reduce or turn-off the overcurrent during a fault condition.

A circuit providing fast local-fault detection and shutdown is an ideal solution, but the number of required

components, board space consumed, cost, and complexity have, until now, limited its use to high performance drives.

The features this circuit must have include high speed, low cost, low resolution, low power dissipation, and small size.

The ACPL-344JT satisfies these criteria by combining a high-speed, high-output current driver, high-voltage optical

isolation between the input and output, local IGBT desaturation detection and shut down, and optically isolated fault

and UVLO-status feedback signal into a single 16-pin surface-mount package.

The fault-detection method adopted in the ACPL-344JT monitors the saturation (collector) voltage of the IGBT and

triggers a local-fault shutdown sequence if the collector voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold. A small gate-

discharge device slowly reduces the high short-circuit IGBT current to prevent damaging voltage spikes. Before the

dissipated energy can reach destructive levels, the IGBT is shut off. During the off state of the IGBT, the fault detect

circuitry is simply disabled to prevent false ‘fault’ signals.

The alternative protection scheme of measuring IGBT current to prevent desaturation is effective if the short-circuit

capability of the power device is known, but this method will fail if the gate-drive voltage decreases enough to only

partially turn on the IGBT. By directly measuring the collector voltage, the ACPL-344JT limits the power dissipation

in the IGBT even with insufficient gate-drive voltage. Another more subtle advantage of the desaturation detection

method is that power dissipation in the IGBT is monitored, while the current sense method relies on a preset current

threshold to predict the safe limit of operation. Therefore, an overly- conservative overcurrent threshold is not required

to protect the IGBT.

Recommended Application Circuit

The ACPL-344JT has non-inverting gate-control inputs, and an open-collector fault and UVLO outputs suitable for

wired-OR applications.

The recommended application circuit shown in Figure 3 shows a typical gate-drive implementation using the ACPL-

344JT.

The two supply bypass capacitors (1.0 μF minimum) provide the large transient currents necessary during a switch-

ing transition. The Desat diode and 220 pF blanking capacitor are the necessary external components for the fault

detection circuitry. The gate resistor (10Ω) serves to limit gate-charge current and indirectly control the IGBT collector

voltage rise-and-fall times. The open-collector fault and UVLO outputs have a passive 10 kΩ pull-up resistor and a 330

pF filtering capacitor.

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