PIC16C7X
8-Bit CMOS Microcontrollers with A/D Converter
Devices included in this data sheet:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
PIC16C70
PIC16C71
PIC16C71A
PIC16C72
PIC16C73
PIC16C73A
PIC16C74
PIC16C74A
• Low-power, high-speed CMOS EPROM
technology
• Fully static design
• Wide operating voltage range: 3.0V to 6.0V
• High Sink/Source Current 25/25 mA
• Commercial, Industrial and Automotive Tempera-
ture Range
• Low-power consumption:
- < 2 mA @ 5V, 4 MHz
- 15
µ
A typical @ 3V, 32 kHz
- < 1
µ
A typical standby current
PIC16C7X Microcontroller Core Features:
• High-performance RISC CPU
• Only 35 single word instructions to learn
• All single cycle instructions (200 ns) except for
program branches which are two cycle
• Operating speed: DC - 20 MHz clock input
DC - 200 ns instruction cycle
• Interrupt capability
• Eight level deep hardware stack
• Direct, indirect and relative addressing modes
• Power-on Reset (POR)
• Power-up Timer (PWRT) and Oscillator Start-up
Timer (OST)
• Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC
oscillator for reliable operation
• Programmable code-protection
• Power saving SLEEP mode
• Selectable oscillator options
• 8-bit multichannel analog-to-digital converter
PIC16C7X Features
Program Memory (EPROM)
Data Memory (Bytes)
I/O Pins
Parallel Slave Port
Capture/Compare/PWM Modules
Timer Modules
A/D Channels
Serial Communication
In-Circuit Serial Programming
Brown-out Reset
Interrupt Sources
70
512
36
13
—
—
1
4
—
Yes
Yes
4
71
1K
36
13
—
—
1
4
—
Yes
—
4
71A
1K
68
13
—
—
1
4
—
Yes
Yes
4
PIC16C7X Peripheral Features:
• Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit prescaler
• Timer1: 16-bit timer/counter. TMR1 can be incre-
mented during sleep via external crystal/clock
• Timer2: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit period regis-
ter, prescaler and postscaler
• Capture, Compare, PWM module(s)
• Capture is 16-bit, max. resolution 12.5 ns, com-
pare is 16-bit, max. resolution 200 ns, max. PWM
resolution is 10-bit
• Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) with SPI
™
and I
2
C
™
• Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter (USART/SCI)
• Parallel Slave Port (PSP) 8-bit wide, with external
RD, WR and CS controls
• Brown-out detection circuitry for Brown-out Reset
(BOR)
72
2K
128
22
—
1
3
5
SPI/I
2
C
Yes
Yes
8
73
4K
192
22
—
2
3
5
SPI/I
2
C,
USART
Yes
—
11
73A
4K
192
22
—
2
3
5
SPI/I
2
C,
USART
Yes
Yes
11
74
4K
192
33
Yes
2
3
8
SPI/I
2
C,
USART
Yes
—
12
74A
4K
192
33
Yes
2
3
8
SPI/I
2
C,
USART
Yes
Yes
12
I
2
C is a trademark of Philips Corporation. SPI is a trademark of Motorola Corporation.
©
1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30390B-page 1
This document was created with FrameMaker 4 0 4
PIC16C7X
Table of Contents
1.0 General Description ................................................................................................................................................5
2.0 PIC16C7X Device Varieties ....................................................................................................................................7
3.0 Architectural Overview............................................................................................................................................9
4.0 Memory Organization ...........................................................................................................................................21
5.0 I/O Ports ...............................................................................................................................................................43
6.0 Overview of Timer Modules ..................................................................................................................................57
7.0 Timer0 Module......................................................................................................................................................59
8.0 Timer1 Module......................................................................................................................................................65
9.0 Timer2 Module......................................................................................................................................................69
10.0 Capture/Compare/PWM Module(s) ......................................................................................................................71
11.0 Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) Module ...............................................................................................................77
12.0 Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART) ...............................................................93
13.0 Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D) Module ..........................................................................................................109
14.0 Special Features of the CPU ..............................................................................................................................121
15.0 Instruction Set Summary ....................................................................................................................................141
16.0 Development Support .........................................................................................................................................153
17.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C70 and PIC16C71A ..................................................................................159
18.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for PIC16C70 and PIC16C71A ................................................173
19.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C71 .............................................................................................................175
20.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for PIC16C71 ...........................................................................189
21.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C72 .............................................................................................................197
22.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for PIC16C72 ...........................................................................217
23.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C73/74 ........................................................................................................219
24.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for PIC16C73/74 ......................................................................241
25.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16C73A/74A....................................................................................................243
26.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables for PIC16C73A/74A .................................................................265
27.0 Packaging Information ........................................................................................................................................267
Appendix A: .................................................................................................................................................................283
Appendix B: Compatibility ...........................................................................................................................................283
Appendix C: What’s New.............................................................................................................................................284
Appendix D: What’s Changed .....................................................................................................................................284
Appendix E: PIC16/17 Microcontrollers.......................................................................................................................285
Index ...................................................................................................................................................................293
Connecting to Microchip BBS .............................................................................................................................303
Reader Response...............................................................................................................................................304
Product Information System ...............................................................................................................................305
For register and module descriptions in this data sheet, device legends show which devices apply to those sections. As
an example, the legend below would mean that the following section applies only to the PIC16C71A, PIC16C72,
PIC16C73A and PIC16C74A devices.
Applicable Devices
70 71 71A 72 73 73A 74 74A
To Our Valued Customers
We constantly strive to improve the quality of all our products and documentation. We have spent an exceptional
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DS30390B-page 4
©
1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16C7X
1.0
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The PIC16C7X is a family of low-cost, high-perfor-
mance, CMOS, fully-static, 8-bit microcontrollers with
integrated analog-to-digital (A/D) converters, in the
PIC16CXX mid-range family.
All PIC16/17 microcontrollers employ an advanced
RISC architecture. The PIC16CXX microcontroller fam-
ily has enhanced core features, eight-level deep stack,
and multiple internal and external interrupt sources.
The separate instruction and data buses of the Harvard
architecture allow a 14-bit wide instruction word with
the separate 8-bit wide data. The two stage instruction
pipeline allows all instructions to execute in a single
cycle, except for program branches (which require two
cycles). A total of 35 instructions (reduced instruction
set) are available. Additionally, a large register set gives
some of the architectural innovations used to achieve a
very high performance.
PIC16CXX microcontrollers typically achieve a 2:1
code compression and a 4:1 speed improvement over
other 8-bit microcontrollers in their class.
The
PIC16C70/71
devices have 36 bytes of RAM, and
the
PIC16C71A
has 68 bytes of RAM. The
PIC16C70/71/71A
devices have 13 I/O pins. In addition
a timer/counter is available. Also a 4-channel high-
speed 8-bit A/D is provided. The 8-bit resolution is ide-
ally suited for applications requiring low-cost analog
interface, e.g. thermostat control, pressure sensing,
etc.
The
PIC16C72
device has 128 bytes of RAM and 22
I/O pins. In addition several peripheral features are
available including: three timer/counters, one Cap-
ture/Compare/PWM module and one serial port. The
Synchronous Serial Port can be configured as either a
3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or the two-wire
Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
C) bus. Also a 5-channel
high-speed 8-bit A/D is provided. The 8-bit resolution
is ideally suited for applications requiring low-cost ana-
log interface, e.g. thermostat control, pressure sens-
ing, etc.
The
PIC16C73/73A
devices have 192 bytes of RAM
and 22 I/O pins. In addition, several peripheral features
are available including: three timer/counters, two Cap-
ture/Compare/PWM modules and two serial ports. The
Synchronous Serial Port can be configured as either a
3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or the two-wire
Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
C) bus. The Universal Syn-
chronous
Asynchronous
Receiver
Transmitter
(USART) is also known as the Serial Communications
Interface or SCI. Also a 5-channel high-speed 8-bit A/D
is provided.The 8-bit resolution is ideally suited for
applications requiring low-cost analog interface, e.g.
thermostat control, pressure sensing, etc.
The
PIC16C74/74A
devices have 192 bytes of RAM
and 33 I/O pins. In addition several peripheral features
are available including: three timer/counters, two Cap-
ture/Compare/PWM modules and two serial ports. The
Synchronous Serial Port can be configured as either a
3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or the two-wire
Inter-Integrated Circuit (I
2
C) bus. The Universal Syn-
chronous
Asynchronous
Receiver
Transmitter
(USART) is also known as the Serial Communications
Interface or SCI. An 8-bit Parallel Slave Port is pro-
vided. Also an 8-channel high-speed 8-bit A/D is pro-
vided. The 8-bit resolution is ideally suited for
applications requiring low-cost analog interface, e.g.
thermostat control, pressure sensing, etc.
The PIC16C7X family has special features to reduce
external components, thus reducing cost, enhancing
system reliability and reducing power consumption.
There are four oscillator options, of which the single pin
RC oscillator provides a low-cost solution, the LP oscil-
lator minimizes power consumption, XT is a standard
crystal, and the HS is for High Speed crystals. The
SLEEP (power-down) feature provides a power saving
mode. The user can wake up the chip from SLEEP
through several external and internal interrupts and
reset(s).
A highly reliable Watchdog Timer with its own on-chip
RC oscillator provides protection against software lock-
up.
A UV erasable CERDIP packaged version is ideal for
code development while the cost-effective One-Time-
Programmable (OTP) version is suitable for production
in any volume.
The PIC16C7X family fits perfectly in applications rang-
ing from security and remote sensors to appliance con-
trol and automotive. The EPROM technology makes
customization of application programs (transmitter
codes, motor speeds, receiver frequencies, etc.)
extremely fast and convenient. The small footprint
packages make this microcontroller series perfect for
all applications with space limitations. Low cost, low
power, high performance, ease of use and I/O flexibility
make the PIC16C7X very versatile even in areas
where no microcontroller use has been considered
before (e.g. timer functions, serial communication, cap-
ture and compare, PWM functions and coprocessor
applications).
1.1
Family and Upward Compatibility
Users familiar with the PIC16C5X microcontroller fam-
ily will realize that this is an enhanced version of the
PIC16C5X architecture. Please refer to Appendix A for
a detailed list of enhancements. Code written for the
PIC16C5X can be easily ported to the PIC16CXX fam-
ily of devices (Appendix B).
1.2
Development Support
The PIC16CXX family is supported by a full-featured
macro assembler, a software simulator, an in-circuit
emulator, a low-cost development programmer and a
full-featured programmer. A “C” compiler and fuzzy
logic support tools are also available. (Section 16.0)
©
1995 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30390B-page 5
This document was created with FrameMaker 4 0 4
Real-time operating system RTOS
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