LTC4011
High Efficiency Standalone
Nickel Battery Charger
FeaTures
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DescripTion
The LTC
®
4011 provides a complete, cost-effective nickel
battery fast charge solution in a small package using few
external components. A 550kHz PWM current source
controller and all necessary charge initiation, monitoring
and termination control circuitry are included.
The LTC4011 automatically senses the presence of a
DC adapter and battery insertion or removal. Heavily
discharged batteries are precharged with a trickle cur-
rent. The LTC4011 can simultaneously use both –∆V and
∆T/∆t fast charge termination techniques and can detect
various battery faults. If necessary, a top-off charge is
automatically applied to NiMH batteries after fast charg-
ing is completed. The IC will also resume charging if the
battery self-discharges after a full charge cycle.
All LTC4011 charging operations are qualified by actual
charge time and maximum average cell voltage. Charging
may also be gated by minimum and maximum temperature
limits. NiMH or NiCd fast charge termination parameters
are pin-selectable.
Integrated PowerPath control support ensures that the
system remains powered at all times without allowing load
transients to adversely affect charge termination.
Complete NiMH/NiCd Charger for 1 to 16 Cells
No Microcontroller or Firmware Required
550kHz Synchronous PWM Current Source Controller
No Audible Noise with Ceramic Capacitors
PowerPath™ Control Support
Programmable Charge Current: 5% Accuracy
Wide Input Voltage Range: 4.5V to 34V
Automatic Trickle Precharge
–∆V Fast Charge Termination
Optional ∆T/∆t Fast Charge Termination
Automatic NiMH Top-Off Charge
Programmable Timer
Automatic Recharge
Multiple Status Outputs
Micropower Shutdown
20-Lead Thermally Enhanced TSSOP Package
applicaTions
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Integrated or Standalone Battery Charger
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Portable Instruments or Consumer Products
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Battery-Powered Diagnostics and Control
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Back-Up Battery Management
L, LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks of Linear
Technology Corporation. PowerPath is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation. All other
trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Typical applicaTion
2A NiMH Battery Charger
FROM
ADAPTER
5V
INFET
FAULT
CHRG
TOC
READY
10µF
2A NiMH Charge Cycle at 1C
4.7µH
10µF
0.1µF
0.033µF
0.068µF
4011fb
LTC4011
absoluTe MaxiMuM raTings
V
CC
(Input Supply) to GND......................... –0.3V to 36V
DCIN to GND .............................................. –0.3V to 36V
FAULT, CHRG,
V
CELL
, V
CDIV
, SENSE, BAT,
TOC
or
READY
to GND ........................... –0.3V to V
CC
+ 0.3V
SENSE to BAT ........................................................±0.3V
CHEM, V
TEMP
or TIMER to GND................ –0.3V to 3.5V
PGND to GND.........................................................±0.3V
Operating Ambient Temperature Range
(Note 2)........................................................ 0°C to 85°C
Operating Junction Temperature (Note 3) ............. 125°C
Storage Temperature Range...................– 65°C to 150°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) .................. 300°C
(Note 1)
pin conFiguraTion
TOP VIEW
DCIN
FAULT
CHRG
CHEM
GND
V
RT
V
TEMP
V
CELL
V
CDIV
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
21
20 INFET
19
READY
18 V
CC
17 TGATE
16 PGND
15 BGATE
14 INTV
DD
13
TOC
12 BAT
11 SENSE
TIMER 10
FE PACKAGE
20-LEAD PLASTIC TSSOP
T
JMAX
= 125°C, θ
JA
= 38°C/W
EXPOSED PAD (PIN 21) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB
TO OBTAIN SPECIFIED THERMAL RESISTANCE
orDer inForMaTion
LEAD FREE FINISH
LTC4011CFE#PBF
LEAD BASED FINISH
LTC4011CFE
TAPE AND REEL
LTC4011CFE#TRPBF
TAPE AND REEL
LTC4011CFE#TR
PART MARKING
LTC4011CFE
PART MARKING
LTC4011CFE
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
20-Lead Plastic TSSOP
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
20-Lead Plastic TSSOP
TEMPERATURE RANGE
0°C to 85°C
TEMPERATURE RANGE
0°C to 85°C
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/
elecTrical characTerisTics
SYMBOL
V
CC
Supply
V
CC
I
SHDN
I
Q
I
CC
V
UVLO
V
UV(HYST)
V
SHDNI
V
SHDND
V
CE
V
DD
I
DD
Input Voltage Range
Shutdown Quiescent Current (Note 5)
Quiescent Current
Operating Current
Undervoltage Threshold Voltage
Undervoltage Hysteresis Voltage
Shutdown Threshold Voltage
Shutdown Threshold Voltage
Charge Enable Threshold Voltage
Output Voltage
Short-Circuit Current (Note 6)
PARAMETER
(Note 4) The
●
indicates specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. V
CC
= 12V, BAT = 4.8V, GND = PGND = 0V, unless otherwise noted.
CONDITIONS
l
MIN
4.5
TYP
MAX
34
UNITS
V
µA
mA
mA
V
mV
mV
mV
mV
V
mA
V
4011fb
V
CC
= BAT = 4.8V
Waiting to Charge (Pause)
Fast Charge State, No Gate Load
V
CC
Increasing
DCIN – V
CC
, DCIN Increasing
DCIN – V
CC
, DCIN Decreasing
V
CC
– BAT, V
CC
Increasing
No Load
INTV
DD
= 0V
V
CC
= 4.5V, I
DD
= –10mA
l
l
l
5
3
5
3.85
5
–60
400
4.5
–100
3.85
4.2
170
l
l
l
10
5
9
4.45
60
–5
600
5.5
–10
30
–25
510
5
–50
INTV
DD
Regulator
l
l
l
INTV
DD(MIN)
Output Voltage
LTC4011
elecTrical characTerisTics
SYMBOL
V
RT
I
RT
V
FS
V
PC
V
TC
∆V
LI
I
BAT
I
SENSE
I
OFF
f
TYP
f
MIN
DC
MAX
V
OL(TG)
V
OH(TG)
t
R(TG)
t
F(TG)
V
OL(BG)
V
OH(BG)
t
R(BG)
t
F(BG)
ADC Inputs
I
LEAK
V
BP
V
BOV
V
MFC
V
FCBF
∆V
TERM
V
AR
∆T
TERM
T
MIN
T
MAXI
Analog Channel Leakage
Battery Present Threshold Voltage
Battery Overvoltage
Minimum Fast Charge Voltage
Fast Charge Battery Fault Voltage
–∆V Termination
Automatic Recharge Voltage
∆T Termination (Note 8)
Minimum Charging Temperature (Note 8)
Maximum Charge Initiation
Temperature (Note 8)
CHEM OPEN (NiCd)
CHEM = 0V (NiMH)
V
CELL
Decreasing
CHEM = 3.3V (NiCd)
CHEM = 0V (NiMH)
V
TEMP
Increasing
V
TEMP
Decreasing, Not Charging
0V < V
CELL
< 2V, 550mV < V
TEMP
< 2V
●
●
●
●
●●
●
●
●●
●
●
●
The
●
indicates specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. V
CC
= 12V, BAT = 4.8V, GND = PGND = 0V, unless otherwise noted.
PARAMETER
Output Voltage
Short-Circuit Current
BAT – SENSE Full-Scale Regulation
Voltage (Fast Charge)
CONDITIONS
R
L
= 10k
V
RT
= 0V
0.3V < BAT < V
CC
– 0.3V (Note 5)
BAT = 4.8V
MIN
3.075
3
–9
95
95
16
16
6.5
6.5
–2
50
●
●
●
TYP
3.3
MAX
3.525
3.6
–1
UNITS
V
V
mA
mV
mV
mV
mV
mV
mV
mV
mA
µA
µA
kHz
kHz
%
Thermistor Termination
●
●
PWM Current Source
●
●
●
100
100
20
20
10
10
±0.3
105
105
24
24
13.5
13.5
2
150
1
640
BAT – SENSE Precharge Regulation Voltage 0.3V < BAT < V
CC
– 0.3V (Note 5)
BAT = 4.8V
BAT – SENSE Top-Off Charge
Regulation Voltage
BAT – SENSE Line Regulation
BAT Input Bias Current
SENSE Input Bias Current
Input Bias Current
Typical Switching Frequency
Minimum Switching Frequency
Maximum Duty Cycle
TGATE Output Voltage Low
(V
CC
– TGATE, Note 7)
TGATE Output Voltage High
TGATE Rise Time
TGATE Fall Time
BGATE Output Voltage Low
BGATE Output Voltage High
BGATE Rise Time
BGATE Fall Time
V
CC
> 9V, No Load
V
CC
< 7V, No Load
V
CC
– TGATE, No Load
C
LOAD
= 3nF, 10% to 90%
C
LOAD
= 3nF, 10% to 90%
No Load
No Load
C
LOAD
= 1.6nF, 10% to 90%
C
LOAD
= 1.6nF, 10% to 90%
0.3V < BAT < V
CC
– 0.3V (Note 5)
BAT = 4.8V
5.5V < V
CC
< 25V, Fast Charge
0.3V < BAT < V
CC
– 0.1V
SENSE = BAT
SENSE or BAT, V
CELL
= 0V
–1
460
20
98
5
V
CC
– 0.5
0
550
30
99
5.6
V
CC
0
35
45
●●
●
●
8.75
50
100
100
50
80
80
V
V
mV
ns
ns
mV
V
ns
ns
nA
●
●
INTV
DD
– 0.075
0
INTV
DD
35
15
±100
320
1.815
850
1.17
16
6
1.260
1.3
0.5
0
41.5
350
1.95
900
1.22
20
10
1.325
2
1
5
45
Charger Thresholds
370
2.085
950
1.27
25
14
1.390
2.7
1.5
9
47
mV
V
mV
V
mV
mV
V
°C/min
°C/min
°C
°C
4011fb
LTC4011
elecTrical characTerisTics
SYMBOL
T
MAXC
V
TEMP(D)
V
TEMP(P)
∆t
TIMER
∆t
MAX
V
FR
V
OL(INFET)
V
OH(INFET)
t
OFF(INFET)
V
OL
I
LKG
I
IH(VCDIV)
V
IL
V
IH
I
IL
I
IH
PARAMETER
Maximum Fast Charge Temperature
(Note 8)
V
TEMP
Disable Threshold Voltage
Pause Threshold Voltage
Internal Time Base Error
Programmable Timer Error
INFET Forward Regulation Voltage
Output Voltage Low
Output Voltage High
INFET OFF Delay Time
Output Voltage Low (I
LOAD
= 10mA)
Output Leakage Current
Input Current High
Input Voltage Low
Input Voltage High
Input Current Low
Input Current High
R
TIMER
= 49.9k
DCIN – V
CC
V
CC
– INFET, No Load
V
CC
– INFET, No Load
C
LOAD
= 10nF, INFET to 50%
V
CDIV
All Other Status Outputs
All Status Outputs Inactive, V
OUT
= V
CC
V
CDIV
= V
BAT
(Shutdown)
CHEM (NiMH)
CHEM (NiCd)
CHEM = GND
CHEM = 3.3V
●●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
The
●
indicates specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. V
CC
= 12V, BAT = 4.8V, GND = PGND = 0V, unless otherwise noted.
CONDITIONS
V
TEMP
Decreasing, Fast Charge
●
●
●
MIN
57
2.8
130
–10
–20
15
3.75
TYP
60
MAX
63
3.3
280
10
20
UNITS
°C
V
mV
%
%
mV
V
mV
µs
mV
mV
µA
µA
mV
V
µA
µA
Charger Timing
●
●
PowerPath Control
●
●
●
55
5.2
0
3
435
300
100
7
50
15
700
600
10
1
900
Status and Chemistry Select
–10
–1
2.85
–20
–20
–5
20
Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute
Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device
reliability and lifetime.
Note 2: The LTC4011C is guaranteed to meet performance specifications
from 0°C to 70°C. Specifications over the 0°C to 85°C operating
temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation
with statistical process controls.
Note 3: Operating junction temperature T
J
(in °C) is calculated from
the ambient temperature T
A
and the total continuous package power
dissipation P
D
(in watts) by the formula:
T
J
= T
A
+ θ
JA
• P
D
Refer to the Applications Information section for details. This IC includes
overtemperature protection that is intended to protect the device during
momentary overload conditions. Junction temperature will exceed 125°C
when overtemperature protection is active. Continuous operation above
the specified maximum operating junction temperature may result in
device degradation or failure.
Note 4: All current into device pins is positive. All current out of device
pins is negative. All voltages are referenced to GND, unless otherwise
specified.
Note 5: These limits are guaranteed by correlation to wafer level
measurements.
Note 6: Output current may be limited by internal power dissipation. Refer
to the Applications Information section for details.
Note 7: Either TGATE V
OH
may apply for 7.5V < V
CC
< 9V.
Note 8: These limits apply specifically to the thermistor network shown in
Figure 5 in the Applications Information section with the values specified
for a 10k NTC (β of 3750). Limits are then guaranteed by specific V
TEMP
voltage measurements during test.
4011fb
LTC4011
Typical perForMance characTerisTics
NiCd Charge Cycle at 1C
NiCd Charge Cycle at 2C
NiMH Charge Cycle at 0.5C
Battery Present Threshold Voltage
(per Cell)
Minimum Fast Charge Threshold
Voltage (per Cell)
Automatic Recharge Threshold
Voltage (per Cell)
Battery Overvoltage Threshold
Voltage (per Cell)
–∆V Termination Voltage (per Cell)
4011fb
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