SERIES 2 FLASH MEMORY CARDS
iMC002FLSA iMC004FLSA iMC010FLSA iMC020FLSA
Extended Temperature Specifications Included
Y
Y
2 4 10 and 20 Megabyte Capacities
PCMCIA 2 1 JEIDA 4 1 68-Pin Standard
Hardwired Card Information
Structure
Byte- or Word-Wide Selectable
Component Management Registers for
Card Status Control and Flexible
System Interface
Automatic Erase Write
Monitored with Ready Busy Output
Card Power-Down Modes
Deep-Sleep for Low Power
Applications
Mechanical Write Protect Switch
Solid-State Reliability
Intel FlashFile
TM
Architecture
Y
High-Performance Read Access
150 ns Maximum
High-Performance Random Writes
6
ms
Typical Word Write
Erase Suspend to Read Command
Keeps Erase as Background Task
Nonvolatility (Zero Retention Power)
No Batteries Required for Back-up
ETOX
TM
V 0 4m Flash Memory
Technology
5V Read 12V Erase Write
High-Volume Manufacturing
Experience
Extended Temperature Version
b
40 C to
a
85 C
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Intel’s Series 2 Flash Memory Card facilitates high-performance disk emulation in mobile PCs and dedicated
equipment Manufactured with Intel’s ETOX
TM
III 0 8m FlashFile Memory devices the Series 2 Card allows
code and data retention while erasing and or writing other blocks Additionally the Series 2 Flash Memory
Card features low power modes flexible system interfacing and a 150 ns read access time When coupled with
Intel’s low-power microprocessors these cards enable high-performance implementations of mobile comput-
ers and systems
Series 2 Cards conform to the Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA 2 1) Jap-
anese Electronics Industry Development Association (JEIDA 4 1) 68-pin standard providing electrical and
physical compatibility
Data file management software Flash Translation Layer (FTL) provides data file storage and memory man-
agement much like a disk operating system Intel’s Series 2 Flash Memory Cards coupled with flash file
management software effectively provide a removable all-silicon mass storage solution with higher perform-
ance and reliability than disk-based memory architectures
Designing with Intel’s FlashFile Architecture enables OEM system manufacturers to design and manufacture a
new generation of mobile PCs and dedicated equipment where high performance ruggedness long battery
life and lighter weight are a requirement For large user groups in workstation environments the Series 2
Cards provide a means to securely store user data and backup system configuration status information
December 1996
Order Number 290434-006
SERIES 2 FLASH MEMORY CARDS
Table 2 Series 2 Flash Memory Card Pin Descriptions
Symbol
A
0
–A
25
Type
I
Name and Function
ADDRESS INPUTS
A
0
through A
25
are address bus lines which enable direct
addressing of 64 megabytes of memory on a card A
0
is not used in word
access mode A
24
is the most significant address bit Note A
25
is a no-connect
but should be provided on host side
DATA INPUT OUTPUT
DQ
0
through DQ
15
constitute the bidirectional data
bus DQ
15
is the most significant bit
CARD ENABLE 1 2
CE
1
enables even bytes CE
2
enables odd bytes
Multiplexing A
0
CE
1
and CE
2
allows 8-bit hosts to access all data on DQ
0
through DQ7 (See Table 3 for a more detailed description )
OUTPUT ENABLE
Active low signal gating read data from the memory card
WRITE ENABLE
Active low signal gating write data to the memory card
READY BUSY OUTPUT
Indicates status of internally timed erase or write
activities A high output indicates the memory card is ready to accept
accesses A low output indicates that a device(s) in the memory card is(are)
busy with internally timed activities See text for an alternate function (READY-
BUSY MODE REGISTER)
CARD DETECT 1 2
These signals provide for correct card insertion detection
They are positioned at opposite ends of the card to detect proper alignment
The signals are connected to ground internally on the memory card and will be
forced low whenever a card is placed in the socket The host socket interface
circuitry shall supply 10K or larger pull-up resistors on these signal pins
WRITE PROTECT
Write Protect reflects the status of the Write-Protect switch
on the memory card WP set high
e
write protected providing internal
hardware write lockout to the flash array
WRITE ERASE POWER SUPPLY
(12V nominal) for erasing memory array
blocks or writing data in the array They must be 12V to perform an erase write
operation
CARD POWER SUPPLY
(5V nominal) for all internal circuitry
I
I
I
O
O
GROUND
for all internal circuitry
REGISTER SELECT
provides access to Series 2 Flash Memory Card registers
and Card Information Structure in the Attribute Memory Plane
RESET
from system active high Places card in Power-On Default State
RESET pulse width must be
t
200 ns
WAIT (Extend Bus Cycle)
is used by Intel’s I O cards and is driven high
BATTERY VOLTAGE DETECT
Upon completion of the power on reset cycle
these signals are driven high to maintain SRAM-card compatibility
RESERVED FOR FUTURE USE
NO INTERNAL CONNECTION
Pin may be driven or left floating
VOLTAGE SENSE
Notifies the host Socket of the card’s V
CC
requirements
VS
1
and VS
2
are both open indicating a 5V V
CC
card
DQ
0
–DQ
15
CE
1
CE
2
I O
I
OE
WE
RDY BSY
I
I
O
CD
1
CD
2
O
WP
O
V
PP1
V
PP2
V
CC
GND
REG
RST
WAIT
BVD
1
BVD
2
RFU
NC
VS
1
VS
2
3
SERIES 2 FLASH MEMORY CARDS
For systems currently using a static RAM battery
configuration for data acquisition the Series 2 Flash
Memory Card’s nonvolatility eliminates the need for
battery backup The concern for battery failure no
longer exists an important consideration for porta-
ble computers and medical instruments both requir-
ing continuous operation Series 2 Cards consume
no power when the system is off and only 60
mA
in
Deep-Sleep mode (2 Megabyte card) Furthermore
Flash Memory Cards offer a considerable cost and
density advantage over memory cards based on
static RAM with battery backup
Besides disk emulation the Series 2 Card’s electri-
cal block-erasure data writability and inherent non-
volatility fit well with data accumulation and record-
ing needs Electrical block-erasure provides design
flexibility to selectively rewrite blocks of data while
saving other blocks for infrequently updated param-
eters and lookup tables For example networks and
systems that utilize large banks of battery-backed
DRAM to store configuration and status benefit from
the Series 2 Flash Card’s nonvolatility and reliability
APPLICATIONS
Intel’s second generation Series 2 Flash Memory
Cards facilitate high performance disk emulation for
the storage of data files and application programs on
a purely solid-state removable medium File man-
agement software Flash Translation Layer (FTL) in
conjunction with the Series 2 Flash Memory Cards
enable the design of high-performance light-weight
notebook palmtop and pen-based PCs that have
the processing power of today’s desktop computers
Application software stored on the flash memory
card substantially reduces the slow disk-to-DRAM
download process Replacing the mechanical disk
results in a dramatic enhancement of read perform-
ance and substantial reduction of power consump-
tion size and weight considerations particularly
important in portable PCs and equipment The Se-
ries 2 Card’s high performance read access time al-
lows the use of Series 2 Cards in an ‘‘execute-in-
place’’ (XIP) architecture XIP eliminates redundancy
associated with DRAM Disk memory system archi-
tectures Operating systems stored in Flash Memory
decreases system boot or program load times en-
abling the design of PCs that boot operate store
data files and execute application programs from to
nonvolatile memory without losing the ability to per-
form an update
File management systems modify and store data
files by allocating flash memory space intelligently
Wear leveling algorithms employed to equally dis-
tribute the number of rewrite cycles ensure that no
particular block is cycled excessively relative to oth-
er blocks This provides hundreds of thousands of
hours of power on usage
This file management software enables the user to
interact with the flash memory card in precisely the
same way as a magnetic disk
Series 2 Flash Memory Cards provide durable non-
volatile memory storage for mobile PCs on the road
facilitating simple transfer back into the desktop en-
vironment
SERIES 2 ARCHITECTURE
OVERVIEW
The Series 2 Flash Memory Card contains a 2 to 20
Megabyte Flash Memory array consisting of 2 to 20
28F008SA FlashFile Memory devices Each
28F008SA contains sixteen individually-erasable 64
Kbyte blocks therefore the Flash Memory Card
contains from 32 to 320 device blocks It also con-
tains two Card Control Logic devices that manage
the external interface address decoding and com-
ponent management logic (Refer to Figure 1 for a
block diagram )
To support PCMCIA-compatible word-wide access
devices are paired so that each accessible memory
block is 64 KWords (see Figure 2) Card logic allows
the system to write or read one word at a time or
one byte at a time by referencing the high or low
byte Erasure can be performed on the entire block
pair (high and low device blocks simultaneously) or
on the high or low byte portion separately
Also in accordance with PCMCIA specifications this
product supports byte-wide operation in which the
flash array is divided into 128K x 8 bit device blocks
In this configuration odd bytes are multiplexed onto
the low byte data bus
5
Power technology
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