Oct 1999
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CA3059, CA3079
Zero-Voltage Switches for 50Hz-60Hz and
400Hz Thyristor Control Applications
Description
The CA3059 and CA3079 zero-voltage switches are mono-
lithic silicon integrated circuits designed to control a thyristor
in a variety of AC power switching applications for AC input
voltages of 24V, 120V, 208/230V, and 277V at 50Hz-60Hz
and 400Hz. Each of the zero-voltage switches incorporates
4 functional blocks (see the Functional Block Diagram) as
follows:
1. Limiter-Power Supply - Permits operation directly from an
AC line.
2. Differential On/Off Sensing Amplifier - Tests the condition
of external sensors or command signals. Hysteresis or
proportional-control capability may easily be implement-
ed in this section.
3. Zero-Crossing Detector - Synchronizes the output pulses
of the circuit at the time when the AC cycle is at zero volt-
age point; thereby eliminating radio-frequency interfer-
ence (RFI) when used with resistive loads.
4. Triac Gating Circuit - Provides high-current pulses to the
gate of the power controlling thyristor.
In addition, the CA3059 provides the following important
auxiliary functions (see the Functional Block Diagram).
1. A built-in protection circuit that may be actuated to remove
drive from the triac if the sensor opens or shorts.
10
2. Thyristor firing may be inhibited through the action of an
internal diode gate connected to Terminal 1.
3. High-power dc comparator operation is provided by over-
riding the action of the zero-crossing detector. This is ac-
complished by connecting Terminal 12 to Terminal 7.
Gate current to the thyristor is continuous when Terminal
13 is positive with respect to Terminal 9.
The CA3059 and CA3079 are supplied in 14 lead dual-in-
line plastic packages.
Features
• Relay Control
• Valve Control
• Synchronous Switching of Flashing Lights
• On-Off Motor Switching
• Differential Comparator with Self-Contained Power
Supply for Industrial Applications
• Photosensitive Control
• Power One-Shot Control
• Heater Control
• Lamp Control
Type Features
• 24V, 120V, 208/230V, 277V at 50/60 . . .
or 400Hz Operation
• Differential Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• Low Balance Input Current (Max) -
µA.
. .
• Built-In Protection Circuit for . . . . . . . .
Opened or Shorted Sensor (Term 14)
• DC Mode (Term 12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• External Trigger (Term 6) . . . . . . . . . . .
• External Inhibit (Term 1) . . . . . . . . . . . .
• DC Supply Volts (Max) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• Operating Temperature Range (
o
C) .
CA3059 CA3079
X
X
1
X
X
X
2
X
• Sensor Range (Rx) - kΩ. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 100 2 - 50
X
X
X
14
-55 to +125
..
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER
CA3059
CA3079
TEMPERATURE
-55
o
C to +125
o
C
-55
o
C to +125
o
C
PACKAGE
14 Lead Plastic DIP
14 Lead Plastic DIP
Pinouts
CA3059 (PDIP)
TOP VIEW
INHIBIT 1
DC SUPPLY 2
HIGH CURRENT 3
NEG. TRIGGER
TRIGGER OUT 4
AC IN 5
TRIGGER IN 6
COMMON 7
14 FAIL-SAFE
13 SENSE AMP IN
12 ZCD OVERRIDE
11 R DRIVER (COM)
10 R DRIVER V
+
9 SENSE AMP REF
8 COMMON
DO NOT USE 1
DC SUPPLY 2
HIGH CURRENT 3
NEG. TRIGGER
TRIGGER OUT 4
AC IN 5
DO NOT USE 6
COMMON 7
CA3079 (PDIP)
TOP VIEW
14 DO NOT USE
13 SENSE AMP IN
12 DO NOT USE
11 R DRIVER (COM)
10 R DRIVER V
+
9 SENSE AMP REF
8 COMMON
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
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Intersil (and design) is a trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
Copyright © Intersil Americas Inc. 2002. All Rights Reserved
FN490.5
3
CA3059, CA3079
Functional Block Diagram
12 IC
R
S
5
LIMITER
“0”
CROSSING
DET.
POWER
SUPPLY
CURRENT
BOOST
3
R
L
IC
AC INPUT
VOLTAGE
2
1
R
P
14
EXTERNAL
INHIBIT
MT
2
PROTECTION
CIRCUIT
TRIAC
GATING
CIRCUIT
INHIBIT
ON/OFF
SENSING
AMPL.
4
G
MT
1
100µF
15V
+
-
13
R
X
8
7
* NTC SENSOR
* NEGATIVE TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT
9
10
11
6 IC
AC INPUT VOLTAGE (50/60 OR 400Hz)
V AC
24
120
208/230
277
INPUT SERIES RESISTOR (R
S
)
kΩ
2
10
20
25
DISSIPATION RATING FOR R
S
W
0.5
2
4
5
NOTE:
Circuitry within shaded areas, not included in CA3079
See chart
IC = Internal connection - DO NOT USE (Terminal restriction applies only to CA3079)
FOR DC MODE
OR 400Hz
OPERATION
R
P
IC
R
S
AC
LINE
INPUT
R
1
5K
12
5
D
7
D
2
C
F
100µF
15V
COMMON
R
SENSOR
2
13
COMMON
D
13
D
3
D
6
R
2
27K
D
8
D
9
R
7
10K
Q
6
Q
2
R
3
12K
10
Q
3
Q
4
Q
5
8
TO
COMMON
R
5
9.6K
9
11
R
4
10K
D
1
D
4
D
5
Q
1
R
10
40K
R
8
15
3
R
6
15K
R
9
25
FOR
INCREASED
GATE DRIVE
D
12
Q
10
D
15
D
10
D
11
Q
7
Q
8
Q
9
4
TO
THYRISTOR
GATE
FAIL-SAFE INPUT
14 IC
All resistance values are in
Ω
NOTE: Circuitry within shaded areas
not included in CA3079
7
TO
COMMON
1 IC
INHIBIT
INPUT
6 IC
FOR
EXTERNAL
TRIGGER
IC = Internal connection - DO NOT USE (Terminal restriction applies only to
FIGURE 1. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF CA3059 AND CA3079
4
Specifications CA3059, CA3079
Absolute Maximum Ratings
T
A
= +25
o
C
DC Supply Voltage (Between Terminals 2 & 7)
CA3059 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14V
CA3079 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10V
DC Supply Voltage (Between Terminals 2 & 8)
CA3059 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14V
CA3079 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10V
Peak Supply Current (Terminals 5 & 7)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .±50mA
Output Pulse Current (Terminal 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150mA
Thermal Information
Thermal Resistance
θ
JA
PDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
o
C/W
Power Dissipation
Up to T
A
= +55
o
C CA3059, CA3079 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 950mW
Above T
A
= +55
o
C CA3059, CA3079 . . Derate Linearly 10mW/
o
C
Ambient Temperature
Operating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55
o
C to +125
o
C
Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65
o
C to +150
o
C
Lead Temperature (During Soldering) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +265
o
C
At distance 1/16”
±
1/32” (1.59
±
0.79) from case
for 10 seconds max
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation
of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETERS
T
A
= +25
o
C, For all Types, Unless Otherwise Specified. All voltages are measured with respect to
Terminal 7. For Operating at 120V
RMS
, 50-60Hz (AC Line Voltage) (Note 1)
SYMBOL
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
DC SUPPLY VOLTAGE (Figure 2A, 2B, 2C)
Inhibit Mode
At 50/60Hz
At 400Hz
At 50/60Hz
Pulse Mode
At 50/60Hz
At 400Hz
At 50/60Hz
Gate Trigger Current (Figures 3, 4A)
I
GT
Terminal 4
V
S
V
S
R
S
= 8kΩ, I
L
= 0
R
S
= 10kΩ, I
L
= 0
R
S
= 5kΩ, I
L
= 0
R
S
= 8kΩ, I
L
= 0
R
S
= 10kΩ, I
L
= 0
R
S
= 5kΩ, I
L
= 0
Terminals 3 and 2 Connected,
V
GT
= 1V
Terminal 3 open, Gate Trigger
Voltage (V
GT
) = 0
Terminals 3 and 2 Connected, Gate
Trigger Voltage (V
GT
) = 0
With External Power Supply
Figure 5a, 5b, 5c
I
OM
Terminal 4
Terminal 3 open, V+ = 12V, V
GT
= 0
Terminals 3 and 2 Connected,
V+ = 12V, V
GT
= 0
Voltage Ratio of Terminals 9 to 2
C
EXT
= 0
C
EXT
= 0, R
EXT
=
∞
t
N
C
EXT
= 0
C
EXT
= 0, R
EXT
=
∞
t
P1
t
N1
I
4
I
I
V
CMR
Terminals 9 and 13 Connected
C
EXT
= 0, R
EXT
=
∞
0.465
70
-
70
-
6.1
-
-
6
-
-
-
6.5
6.8
6.4
6.4
6.7
6.3
105
7
-
-
7
-
-
-
V
V
V
V
V
V
mA
PEAK OUTPUT CURRENT (PULSED) (Figures 4, 5)
With Internal Power Supply
Figure 4a, 4b
I
OM
Terminal 4
50
90
-
84
124
170
240
0.485
100
12
100
10
-
-
-
-
0.520
140
-
140
-
mA
mA
mA
mA
-
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µA
nA
nA
V
Inhibit Input Ratio (Figure 6)
For Positive dv/dt
50-60Hz
400Hz
For Negative dv/dt
50-60Hz
400Hz
V
9
/V
2
t
P
TOTAL GATE PULSE DURATION (Note 2) (Figure 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D)
PULSE DURATION AFTER ZERO CROSSING (50-60Hz) (Figure 7A)
For Positive dv/dt
For Negative dv/dt
OUTPUT LEAKAGE CURRENT (Figure 8)
Inhibit Mode
INPUT BIAS CURRENT (Figure 9)
CA3059
CA3079
Common-mode Input Voltage Range
-
-
-
220
220
1.5 to
5
1000
2000
-
-
0.001
10
-
-
50
60
-
-
5
Specifications CA3059, CA3079
Electrical Specifications
PARAMETERS
SENSITIVITY (Note 3) (Figures 4(a), 11)
Pulse Mode
NOTES:
1. The values given in the Electrical Characteristics Chart at 120V also apply for operation at input voltages of 208/230V, and 277V, except
for Pulse Duration. However, the series resistor (R
S
) must have the indicated value, shown in the chart in the Functional Block Diagram,
for the specified input voltage.
2. Pulse Duration in 50Hz applications is approximately 15% longer than shown in Figure 7(b).
3. Required voltage change at Terminal 13 to either turn OFF the triac when ON or turn ON the triac when OFF.
∆V
13
Terminal 12 open
-
6
-
mV
T
A
= +25
o
C, For all Types, Unless Otherwise Specified. All voltages are measured with respect to
Terminal 7. For Operating at 120V
RMS
, 50-60Hz (AC Line Voltage) (Note 1)
(Continued)
SYMBOL
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Maximum Voltage Ratings
T
A
= +25
o
C
MAXIMUM VOLTAGE RATINGS T
A
= +25
o
C
TERM.
NOTE 3
NO.
1
1
Note 3
2
NOTE 1 NOTE 3
NOTE 3
NOTES
2, 3
MAXIMUM
CURRENT
RATINGS
I
IN
mA
10
150
I
OUT
mA
0.1
10
2
3
4
5
6
15
0
0
-14
7
10
-2
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4
0
-15
0
-15
0
-15
2
-14
Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4
0
-14
0
-14
0
-14
Note 4
0
-14
0
-14
0
0
Note 5 Note 5
-14
-14
3
4
5
Note 1
6
Note 3
7
8
9
10
11
12
Note 3
13
14
Note 3
Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4
Note 4
2
-10
Note 4
Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4
7
-7
14
0
Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4
0.1
50
150
10
Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4
Note 4
14
0
10
0
Note 4
20
0
2.5
-2.5
14
0
6
-6
Note 4 Note 4
0.1
2
Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4
Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4
Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note4
Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note 4 Note4
Note 4 Note 4
50
50
Note 4 Note 4 Note4
2
2
This chart gives the range of voltages which can be applied to the terminals listed horizontally with respect to the terminals listed vertically.
For example, the voltage range of horizontal Terminal 6 to vertical Terminal 4 is 2V to -10V.
NOTES:
1. Resistance should be inserted between Terminal 5 and external supply or line voltage for limiting current into Terminal 5 to less than
50mA.
2. Resistance should be inserted between Terminal 14 and external supply for limiting current into Terminal 14 to less than 2mA.
3. For the CA3079 indicated terminal is internally connected and, therefore, should not be used.
4. Voltages are not normally applied between these terminals; however, voltages appearing between these terminals are safe, if the spec-
ified voltage limits between all other terminals are not exceeded.
5. For CA3079 (0V to -10V).
6
CA3059, CA3079
PULSE
0.3K
INHIBIT
4.6K
R
S
5
AC LINE
7
I
L
8
ALL RESISTANCE
VALUES ARE IN
Ω
4
9
10
EXTERNAL
LOAD
CURRENT
5.75
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
o
C)
CA3059
CA3079
R
L
11
100µF
V
S
4.6K
13
2
120VRMS, 50/60Hz OPERATION
INPUT RESISTANCE (R
S
) = 10kΩ
NO EXTERNAL LOAD
INTERNAL DC SUPPLY (V)
7.00
INHIBIT MODE
6.75
6.50
6.25
6.00
PULSE MODE
FIGURE 2A. DC SUPPLY VOLTAGE TEST CIRCUIT FOR CA3059
AND CA3079
120VRMS, 50/60Hz OPERATION
T
A
= +25
o
C
R
S
= 5kΩ
(INHIBIT
MODE)
FIGURE 2B. DC SUPPLY VOLTAGE vs AMBIENT TEMPERA-
TURE FOR CA3059 AND CA3079
120VRMS, 50/60Hz OPERATION
T
A
= +25
o
C
GATE TRIGGER CURRENT (mA)
6.5
INTERNAL DC SUPPLY (V)
6.0
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
R
S
= 10kΩ
(PULSE
MODE)
0
1
2
3
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
TERMINALS 2 AND 3
CONNECTED
R
S
= 10kΩ
(INHIBIT
MODE)
R
S
= 5kΩ
(PULSE
MODE)
TERMINAL 3 OPEN
0
1
2
GATE TRIGGER (V)
3
4
5
6
7
8
EXTERNAL LOAD CURRENT (mA)
FIGURE 2C. DC SUPPLY VOLTAGE vs EXTERNAL LOAD
CURRENT FOR CA3059 AND CA3079
FIGURE 3. GATE TRIGGER CURRENT vs GATE TRIGGER
VOLTAGE FOR CA3059 AND CA3079
PEAK OUTPUT CURRENT, PULSED (mA)
9
R
S
10K
5
AC LINE
7
10
11
120VRMS, 50/60Hz OPERATION
GATE TRIGGER, V
GT
= 0 (V)
175
150
125
100
75
50
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (
o
C)
TERMINAL 3 OPEN
TERMINALS 2 AND 3
CONNECTED
CA3059
CA3079
I
OM
(4)
OR
I
GT
(4)
4
1Ω
±1%
OSCILLOSCOPE
WITH
HIGH GAIN
INPUT
8
13
2
3
V
GT
6K
5K
100µF
FIGURE 4A. PEAK OUTPUT (PULSED) AND GATE TRIGGER
CURRENT WITH INTERNAL POWER SUPPLY
TEST CIRCUIT FOR CA3059 AND CA3079
FIGURE 4B. PEAK OUTPUT CURRENT (PULSED) vs AMBIENT
TEMPERATURE FOR CA3059 AND CA3079
7
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