Bulletin No. APLI/V-J
Drawing No. LP0123
Released 2/07
Tel +1 (717) 767-6511
Fax +1 (717) 764-0839
www.redlion.net
MODEL APLI -
APOLLO CURRENT METERS
& MODEL APLV -
APOLLO VOLTMETERS
FOUR MULTI-RANGE UNITS COVER:
199.9 µA to 1.999 A, 199.9 mV
*
(A.C. or D.C.)
1.999 V to 300 V (A.C. or D.C.)
3 1/2-DIGIT, 0.56" (14.2 mm) HIGH LED DISPLAY W/POLARITY
BUILT-IN SCALING PROVISIONS
SELECTABLE DECIMAL POINT LOCATION
AUTO ZEROING CIRCUITS
FRONT PANEL CALIBRATION ADJUSTMENT
OVER-RANGE INDICATION
NEMA 4/IP65 SEALED FRONT METAL BEZEL
*
Accessory Shunts Available For Higher Current Ranges.
DESCRIPTION
Apollo Volt and Current Meters are premium quality instruments designed
for tough industrial applications. With multi-range capability, built-in provision
for scaling, and DIP switch selectable decimal points, these units offer the
ultimate in application flexibility. Just four basic models, off-the-shelf, from
your local distributor, cover your voltage and current indicator needs, as well as
your requirements for direct readout from pressure, speed or flow transducers,
or any other variable that can be translated to voltage or current.
The attractive die-cast metal bezel of the Apollo not only enhances the
appearance of any panel, it can also be sealed in the front panel for use in wash-
down areas and tough, dirty industrial environments. The 3 1/2-digit bi-polar
display (minus sign displayed when current or voltage is negative) features 0.56"
(14.2 mm) high, 7-segment LED’s for easy reading. Also featured are removable
terminal blocks on the rear that facilitate installation wiring and change-outs.
SPECIFICATIONS
1.
DISPLAY:
3 1/2-digit, 0.56" (14.2 mm) high, 7-segment LED, (-) minus sign
displayed when current or voltage is negative. Decimal points inserted before
1st, 2nd, or 3rd least significant digits by DIP switch selection.
2.
POWER:
Available in either 115 VAC or 230 VAC versions. Allowable
power line variation ±10%, 50/60 Hz, 6 VA.
Isolation:
2300 Vrms for 1 min. between input and supply (300 V working
voltage).
3.
INPUT RANGES:
(Selectable by input and jumper connections.)
A.C. Voltmeters
0-1.999 Volts
(basic range)
0-19.99 Volts
0-199.9 Volts
0-300 Volts
A.C. Current Meters
0-199.9 µA (microamps)
0-1.999 mA (milliamps)
0-19.99 mA
0-199.9 mA
0-1.999 amps
0-199.9 mV (basic range)
D.C. Voltmeters
±1.999 Volts
(basic range)
±19.99 Volts
±199.9 Volts
±300 Volts
D.C. Current Meters
±199.9 µA (microamps)
±1.999 mA (milliamps)
±19.99 mA
±199.9 mA
±1.999 amps
±199.9 mV (basic range)
SAFETY SUMMARY
All safety related regulations, local codes and instructions that appear in the
manual or on equipment must be observed to ensure personal safety and to
prevent damage to either the instrument or equipment connected to it. If
equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection
provided by the equipment may be impaired.
CAUTION: Risk of Danger.
Read complete instructions prior to
installation and operation of the unit.
CAUTION: Risk of electric shock.
4.
ACCURACY:
DC Volts
- ±(0.1% of Reading + 1 digit)
AC Volts
- ±(0.1% of Reading + 2 digits) (45-500 Hz)
DC Current
199.9 µA, 1.999 mA, 19.99 mA:
±(0.1% of Reading + 1 digit)
199.9 mA:
±(0.15% of Reading + 1 digit)
1.999 A:
±(0.5% of Reading + 1 digit)
AC Current
(45-500 Hz)
199.9 µA, 1.999 mA, 19.99 mA:
±(0.1% of Reading + 2 digits)
199.9 mA:
±(0.15% of Reading + 2 digits)
1 A:
±(0.5% of Reading + 2 digits)
5.
OVER-RANGE INDICATION:
on all modes is indicated by blanking 3
least significant digits.
6.
MAX. VOLTAGE ON BASIC RANGE INPUTS:
75 VAC or DC (Term. 8
to 3 on voltmeters, Term. 9 to 3 on current meters).
7.
MAX. VOLTAGE ON TERMINAL BLOCK:
300 VAC or DC (Both
voltmeters and current meters).
DIMENSIONS In inches (mm)
Note: Recommended minimum clearance (behind the panel) for
mounting clip installation is 2.1" (53.3) H x 5.5" (140) W.
PANEL CUT-OUT
1
8.
MAX. SHUNT CURRENTS (ON CURRENT METERS):
199.9 µA through 19.99 mA:
10 x max. range current
199.9 mA:
1 amp
1.999 amp:
3 amps
Caution: In circuits where fault currents can exceed the maximum shunt
current, a fast-blow fuse should be installed in series with the input signal.
Otherwise, a slow blow 10 amp fuse is recommended that will allow for
start-up over current situations, while still protecting the instrument.
9.
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS:
D.C.: ±100 PPM/°C
A.C.: ±200 PPM/°C
Current meters
D.C.: ±75 PPM/°C
A.C.: ±150 PPM/°C
Voltmeters
10.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS:
Operating Temperature
: 0° to 60°C
Storage Temperature
: -40° to 80°C
Operating and Storage Humidity:
85% max. relative humidity (non-
condensing) from 0°C to 50°C.
Altitude:
Up to 2000 meters
11.
RESPONSE TIME TO STEP CHANGE INPUT:
1 sec. nominal
12.
READING RATE:
2.5 readings/sec., nominal
13.
NORMAL MODE REJECTION:
50 dB 50/60 Hz (D.C. units only)
14.
COMMON MODE REJECTION:
110 dB D.C. or 50/60 Hz (D.C. units
only)
15.
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE (COMM. TO EARTH):
350 volt peak
16.
CERTIFICATIONS AND COMPLIANCES:
SAFETY
IEC 61010-1, EN 61010-1: Safety requirements for electrical equipment
for measurement, control, and laboratory use, Part 1.
IP65 Enclosure rating (Face only), IEC 529
Type 4 Enclosure rating (Face only), UL50
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY:
Immunity to EN 50082-2
Electrostatic discharge
EN 61000-4-2 Level 2; 4 Kv contact
Level 3; 8 Kv air
Electromagnetic RF fields
EN 61000-4-3 Level 3; 10 V/m
1
80 MHz - 1 GHz
Fast transients (burst)
EN 61000-4-4 Level 4; 2 Kv I/O
Level 3; 2 Kv power
RF conducted interference
EN 61000-4-6 Level 3; 10 V/rms
2
150 KHz - 80 MHz
Power frequency magnetic fields EN 61000-4-8 Level 4; 30 A/m
Simulation of cordless telephone ENV 50204
Level 3; 10 V/m
900 MHz ± 5 MHz
200 Hz, 50% duty cycle
Emissions to EN 50081-2
RF interference
EN 55011
Enclosure class A
Power mains class A
Notes:
1. Self-recoverable loss of performance during EMI disturbance at 10 V/m:
Process signal may deviate during EMI disturbances.
For operation without loss of performance:
Unit is mounted in a grounded metal enclosure (Buckeye SM7013-0 or
equivalent)
I/O and power cables are routed in metal conduit connected to earth
ground.
2. Self-recoverable loss of performance during EMI disturbance at 10 V/rms:
Process signal may deviate during EMI disturbances.
For operation without loss of performance:
Install power line filter, RLC#LFIL0000 or equivalent
Refer to the EMC Installation Guidelines section of this bulletin for
additional information.
17.
CONSTRUCTION:
Metal die-cast front bezel with black, high impact
plastic insert case. This unit is rated for NEMA 4/IP65 indoor use when
properly installed (panel gasket and mounting clips included). Installation
Category II, Pollution Degree 2.
18.
WEIGHT:
1.2 lbs. (0.54 Kg)
2. Use shielded (screened) cables for all Signal and Control inputs. The shield
(screen) pigtail connection should be made as short as possible. The
connection point for the shield depends somewhat upon the application.
Listed below are the recommended methods of connecting the shield, in order
of their effectiveness.
a. Connect the shield only at the panel where the unit is mounted to earth
ground (protective earth).
b. Connect the shield to earth ground at both ends of the cable, usually when
the noise source frequency is above 1 MHz.
c. Connect the shield to common of the unit and leave the other end of the
shield unconnected and insulated from earth ground.
3. Never run Signal or Control cables in the same conduit or raceway with AC
power lines, conductors feeding motors, solenoids, SCR controls, and
heaters, etc. The cables should be run in metal conduit that is properly
grounded. This is especially useful in applications where cable runs are long
and portable two-way radios are used in close proximity or if the installation
is near a commercial radio transmitter.
4. Signal or Control cables within an enclosure should be routed as far away as
possible from contactors, control relays, transformers, and other noisy
components.
5. In extremely high EMI environments, the use of external EMI suppression
devices, such as ferrite suppression cores, is effective. Install them on Signal
and Control cables as close to the unit as possible. Loop the cable through the
core several times or use multiple cores on each cable for additional protection.
Install line filters on the power input cable to the unit to suppress power line
interference. Install them near the power entry point of the enclosure. The
following EMI suppression devices (or equivalent) are recommended:
Ferrite Suppression Cores for signal and control cables:
Fair-Rite # 0443167251 (RLC #FCOR0000)
TDK # ZCAT3035-1330A
Steward #28B2029-0A0
Line Filters for input power cables:
Schaffner # FN610-1/07 (RLC #LFIL0000)
Schaffner # FN670-1.8/07
Corcom #1VB3
Corcom #1VR3
Note:
Reference manufacturer’s instructions when installing a line filter.
6. Long cable runs are more susceptible to EMI pickup than short cable runs.
Therefore, keep cable runs as short as possible.
WIRING CONNECTIONS
As depicted in the drawing of the Apollo Unit, all connections are made to a
removable terminal block for ease of installation.
All conductors should meet voltage and current ratings for each terminal.
Also cabling should conform to appropriate standards of good installation, local
codes and regulations. It is recommended that power supplied to the unit be
protected by a fuse or circuit breaker.
To remove the block, pull from the back of the block until it slides clear of
the terminal block shroud.
Caution:
Terminal block should
NOT
be removed
with power applied to the unit.
POWER WIRING
Primary AC power is connected to Terminals 1 and 2
(Marked A.C. Power,
located on the left-hand side of the terminal block).
For best results, the AC
power should be relatively
“Clean”
and within the specified ±10% variation
limit. Drawing power from heavily loaded circuits or from circuits that also
power loads that cycle on and off, should be avoided.
SIGNAL WIRING
Input connections and range configuration jumpers are made on Terminals 3
through 10 or 11. If AC signal current greater than 5 amps is going to be applied,
the appropriate size slow blow fuse should be installed.
(For detailed information, see “Inputs and Applications”.)
EMC INSTALLATION GUIDELINES
Although this unit is designed with a high degree of immunity to
ElectroMagnetic Interference (EMI), proper installation and wiring methods
must be followed to ensure compatibility in each application. The type of the
electrical noise, source or coupling method into the unit may be different for
various installations. Cable length, routing and shield termination are very
important and can mean the difference between a successful or a troublesome
installation. Listed below are some EMC guidelines for successful installation in
an industrial environment.
1. The unit should be mounted in a metal enclosure, that is properly connected
to protective earth.
2
DECIMAL POINT SELECTION
The Apollo Volt and Current meters have DIP switches located on the side of
the unit for the selection of 1 of 3 decimal points for display.
APOLLO VOLTMETER INPUTS & CONFIGURATIONS
(Applies to both Apollo A.C. & D.C. voltmeters)
The simplified schematic (left) shows all of
the features that permit the Apollo Voltmeter
to cover 95% of all in-plant voltage related
measurements. The basic voltmeter range is 0
to 1.999 V. For higher voltage readout, a
multi-tap precision voltage divider can be
connected to extend the range up to 300 V. A
built-in scale adj. pot. extends the capability
of Apollo Voltmeters even further to provide
direct readout from transducers that generate
signal voltage outputs proportional to RPM,
PSI, FPM, etc.
Note: When used to readout in
scaled units other than voltage, the front panel
adjustment can be used as a fine trim scaling
adjustment.
VOLTMETER RANGE CHANGE CONNECTIONS
(Polarity Indicated for D.C.)
WHERE:
VT
D.D.P
D.R.
D.F.
=
=
=
=
Maximum Transducer Output
Display Decimal Point
Desired Reading
Division Factor
0.000
00.00
000.0
0000
D.D.P.
=
=
=
=
1
10
100
1000
The Display Decimal Point
(D.D.P.) is determined by
the desired decimal point
placement in the readout.
Then we connect the divider and pot. to obtain the adjustable division range
we need to bracket the proper division factor
(See “Scaling Connection
Diagrams” below).
SCALING FOR DIRECT READOUT OF OTHER
VARIABLES
In many industrial applications, a voltage sensing instrument is required to
display a reading in terms of PSI, RPM, or some other variable. The signal
voltage being measured is normally generated by a transducer which senses the
variable and delivers a linearly proportional output voltage.
The multi-tap divider and the scale adj. pot. of the Apollo Voltmeters can be
connected in tandem
(series)
to scale
(divide)
virtually any signal voltage up to
300 V max. down to the basic 0 to 1.999 V input range to get the desired reading.
The multi-tap voltage divider provides coarse ranges of division and the scaling
pot. provides continuous selection of division factors between the taps.
EXAMPLE 1:
A pressure transducer delivers a 5.5 V signal @ 120.0 PSI
maximum.
VT x D.D.P.
5.5 x 100
=
= 4.58 D.F.
D.R.
120.0
This division factor falls between 1 and 12, so connect per
“Diagram A”
below. Calibrate by adjusting the scaling pot. to get the proper readout at a
known pressure.
SCALING CONNECTION DIAGRAMS
(Polarity Indicated for D.C.)
Note: The normal decade division factors (÷10, ÷100, and ÷1000) have been
adjusted in this schematic to account for parallel connection of the scale pot.
resistance which increases these factors as shown.
In order to determine the jumper wiring configuration of the Apollo for a
scaled application, we must first determine the division factor required to
provide the desired display.
USING THE FORMULA:
EXAMPLE 2:
A D.C. tachometer generator delivers 210 V at maximum
machine speed which is to be indicated as 575 FPM on an Apollo Voltmeter.
VT x D.D.P. = D.F.
D.R.
210 V (Max. from tach. gen.) x 1000 (D.P.P.) = 365 (D.F.)
575 (Desired Readout)
This division factor falls between 105 and 1005, so connect per
“Diagram
C”
above. Calibrate by adjusting the scaling pot. to get the proper readout at a
known speed.
3
APOLLO CURRENT METER INPUTS & CONFIGURATIONS
(Applies to both Apollo A.C. & D.C. current meters)
Apollo Current Meters incorporate a basic
0 to 199.9 mV voltmeter circuit together with
a string of built-in current shunts that can be
connected to provide current measuring
ranges from 0 to 199.9 µA to 1.999 amps in
5 decade steps. A built-in scaling pot. also
allows the unit to be used as a scaleable
millivoltmeter and provides for arbitrary
current scaling.
Note: When used to readout
in scaled units other than voltage or current,
the front panel adjustment can be used as a
fine trim scaling adjustment.
CURRENT METER SCALING
The numerical current value displayed
by the Apollo current meter can be scaled
down to almost any lower numerical value
by connecting the scale adj. pot. This pot
can be set to divide the normal numerical
current reading by any division factor
between ÷1 and ÷13. In addition, the shunt
resistance chosen can be reduced by
connecting the current lead to a lower
resistance
(higher range tap).
EXAMPLE
In the diagram
(left),
the Apollo Current Meter has been connected to
measure a circuit current to 120.0 mA maximum. However, in this application,
the readout is to be in percent of load current, with 120.0 mA being equivalent
to 100.0% readout. The scale adj. pot. connected as shown can be adjusted to
reduce the normal 120.0 mA display to the 100.0% display desired. The input
current leads could also be connected to 4 and 3 instead of 5 and 3 as shown,
and this would yield a readout to 100% and allow the decimal point and least
significant digit
(0.1%)
to be dropped.
Scaling to obtain a numerical readout higher than the numerical value of the
current can also be done in most cases by simply feeding the current input into
a lower range. However, at the higher current range
(1.999 A)
and with external
shunts, care should be taken to avoid exceeding maximum shunt current.
For example, if the unit is measuring a maximum current of 1.3 amps
(current flowing between terminals 3 and 4),
the numerical current value will
be 1.300 displayed. Here, it is impossible to increase the numerical scaled value
to say 1.500 by connecting to the next sensitivity
(199.9 mA)
since the 1.3 amp
actual current exceeds the maximum current rating of this range
(See
“Specifications” for maximum current.)
INSTALLATION ENVIRONMENT
The unit should be installed in a location that does not exceed the maximum
operating temperature and provides good air circulation. Placing the unit near
devices that generate excessive heat should be avoided.
The bezel should be cleaned only with a soft cloth and neutral soap product.
Do NOT use solvents. Continuous exposure to direct sunlight may accelerate
the aging process of the bezel.
Installation
The unit meets NEMA 4/IP65 requirements for indoor use when properly
installed. The units are intended to be mounted into an enclosed panel
Two mounting clips and screws are provided for easy installation.
Consideration should be given to the thickness of the panel. A panel which is
too thin may distort and not provide a water-tight seal.
(Recommended minimum
panel thickness is 1/8".)
After the panel cut-out has been completed and deburred, carefully slide the
gasket over the rear of the unit to the panel. Insert the unit into the panel.
As depicted in the drawing, install the screws into the narrow end of the
mounting clips. Thread the screws into the clips until the pointed end just
protrudes through the other side.
Install each of the mounting clips by inserting the wide lip of the clips into
the wide end of the hole, located on either side of the case. Then snap the clip
onto the case.
Tighten the screws evenly to apply
uniform compression, thus providing
a water-tight seal.
Caution:
Only minimum pressure is
required to seal panel. Do
NOT
overtighten screws.
4
TYPICAL VOLTAGE & CURRENT MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS
TEMPERATURE MONITORING IN A BISCUIT BAKING OPERATION
scaling is required. The first thing that must be done is to determine what
division factor is required. Use the equation discussed in the text.
Division = (Maximum Output) x D.P.P. = (10) x 1000 = 16.7 (D.F.)
Factor
(Desired Display)
(600)
It can be seen that the division factor falls between 12 and 105
(See
“Scaling Connection Diagrams”).
This is accomplished by connecting a
jumper between “÷10”
(Terminal 6)
and Terminal 10
(the 1.999 V basic input),
and a jumper between Terminal 9 and Terminal 8. Then, using 2 conductor
shielded wire to minimize noise pickup, the common of the temperature
controller output is connected to
“COMM.” (Terminal 3)
and the
“HIGH”
side of the output of the temperature controller is connected to “V
IN
”
(Terminal 7).
The shield is also connected to
“COMM.” (Terminal 3).
The Apollo is now ready to be calibrated. The baker has access to a portable
digital thermometer. So in this case, calibration will be accomplished by
causing the Apollo indicator to agree with the portable digital thermometer.
The baker sets his oven to his normal baking temperature of 375°F. He installs
the temperature probe in the oven and waits for it to reach equilibrium. After
the oven has stabilized, at its operating temperature, the baker simply adjusts
the
“coarse”
scaling adjustment, located at the rear of the unit, until the display
is close in value to that indicated on the digital thermometer. He then removes
the
“fine”
scaling access plug and adjusts the
“fine”
scaling adjustment until
the display agrees with the digital thermometer. He replaces the access plug to
keep dust out of the Apollo. The Apollo voltmeter now indicates the oven
temperature and the baker can monitor his temperature precisely.
A biscuit baker has temperature controllers on his ovens that have a dial for
setting the temperature of his ovens. He would like to have a digital display of
his temperature for ease of monitoring. He has determined, by talking to the
temperature controller manufacturer, there is a 0 to 10 VDC voltage available
from the controller, that represents a temperature of approximately 0 to 600°F.
An Apollo DC voltage indicator is ideally suited to this application. It is
apparent that a standard range will not satisfy this requirement; therefore, field
VOLUME INDICATION
A manufacturer who uses vats of chemicals in his process has been using
the output of load cells, connected to a circuit that in turn drives a 1 mA DC
analog meter movement to display how full the vat is. The meter dial is
calibrated 0 to 1500 gallons.
An Apollo DC current indicator is ideally suited to this application. It is
apparent that a standard range will not satisfy this requirement and field
scaling is required.
It can be seen that the 1 mA for 1500 gallons can not be accomplished using
the 1.999 mA range; however, the maximum input of 1mA does not exceed
the maximum input on the 199.9 µA range, so this range is selected. This is
accomplished by connecting the jumpers as described in the “Scaling” section
[e.g. from “199.9 µA” (Terminal 8) to Terminal 11 and a jumper between
Terminal 10 and the “199.9 mV” basic input (Terminal 9)].
Then, the Apollo
is connected in the circuit to replace the analog meter by connecting the
“199.9 µA”
(Terminal 8) where the “+” terminal of the analog meter was
connected, and connecting the
“COMM.”
(Terminal 3) where the “-” terminal
of the analog meter was connected.
The Apollo is now ready to be calibrated. The operator fills the vat until it
is completely full and he knows he has 1500 gallons. He then adjusts the
coarse scaling adjustment on the rear of the Apollo indicator until the display
reads approximately 1500. He then removes the
“fine”
scaling adjustment
access plug and adjusts the
“fine”
scaling adjustment until the display reads
exactly 1500. He replaces the access plug to keep dust and water out of the
Apollo. The Apollo current meter now indicates the exact number of gallons
in the vat. No decimal point is selected because the resolution is 1 gallon.
5
stm32/stm8
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