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NOTES FOR CMOS DEVICES
(1) VOLTAGE APPLICATION WAVEFORM AT INPUT PIN: Waveform distortion due to input noise or a
reflected wave may cause malfunction. If the input of the CMOS device stays in the area between VIL
(MAX) and VIH (MIN) due to noise, etc., the device may malfunction. Take care to prevent chattering noise
from entering the device when the input level is fixed, and also in the transition period when the input level
passes through the area between VIL (MAX) and VIH (MIN).
(2) HANDLING OF UNUSED INPUT PINS: Unconnected CMOS device inputs can be cause of malfunction. If
an input pin is unconnected, it is possible that an internal input level may be generated due to noise, etc.,
causing malfunction. CMOS devices behave differently than Bipolar or NMOS devices. Input levels of
CMOS devices must be fixed high or low by using pull-up or pull-down circuitry. Each unused pin should be
connected to VDD or GND via a resistor if there is a possibility that it will be an output pin. All handling
related to unused pins must be judged separately for each device and according to related specifications
governing the device.
(3) PRECAUTION AGAINST ESD: A strong electric field, when exposed to a MOS device, can cause
destruction of the gate oxide and ultimately degrade the device operation. Steps must be taken to stop
generation of static electricity as much as possible, and quickly dissipate it when it has occurred.
Environmental control must be adequate. When it is dry, a humidifier should be used. It is recommended
to avoid using insulators that easily build up static electricity. Semiconductor devices must be stored and
transported in an anti-static container, static shielding bag or conductive material. All test and measurement
tools including work benches and floors should be grounded. The operator should be grounded using a wrist
strap. Semiconductor devices must not be touched with bare hands. Similar precautions need to be taken
for PW boards with mounted semiconductor devices.
(4) STATUS BEFORE INITIALIZATION: Power-on does not necessarily define the initial status of a MOS
device. Immediately after the power source is turned ON, devices with reset functions have not yet been
initialized. Hence, power-on does not guarantee output pin levels, I/O settings or contents of registers. A
device is not initialized until the reset signal is received. A reset operation must be executed immediately
after power-on for devices with reset functions.
(5) POWER ON/OFF SEQUENCE: In the case of a device that uses different power supplies for the internal
operation and external interface, as a rule, switch on the external power supply after switching on the internal
power supply. When switching the power supply off, as a rule, switch off the external power supply and then
the internal power supply. Use of the reverse power on/off sequences may result in the application of an
overvoltage to the internal elements of the device, causing malfunction and degradation of internal elements
due to the passage of an abnormal current. The correct power on/off sequence must be judged separately
for each device and according to related specifications governing the device.
(6) INPUT OF SIGNAL DURING POWER OFF STATE : Do not input signals or an I/O pull-up power supply
while the device is not powered. The current injection that results from input of such a signal or I/O pull-up
power supply may cause malfunction and the abnormal current that passes in the device at this time may
cause degradation of internal elements. Input of signals during the power off state must be judged
separately for each device and according to related specifications governing the device.
How to Use This Manual
Readers
This manual is intended for user engineers who wish to understand the functions of the 78K0/Lx3
microcontrollers and design and develop application systems and programs for these devices.
The target products are as follows.
Part Number
78K0/LC3
μ
PD78F0400, 78F0401, 78F0402, 78F0403,
78F0410, 78F0411, 78F0412, 78F0413
78K0/LD3
μ
PD78F0420, 78F0421, 78F0422, 78F0423,
78F0430, 78F0431, 78F0432, 78F0433
78K0/LE3
μ
PD78F0441, 78F0442, 78F0443, 78F0444, 78F0445,
78F0451, 78F0452, 78F0453, 78F0454, 78F0455,
78F0461, 78F0462, 78F0463, 78F0464, 78F0465
78K0/LF3
μ
PD78F0471, 78F0472, 78F0473, 78F0474, 78F0475,
78F0481, 78F0482, 78F0483, 78F0484, 78F0485,
78F0491, 78F0492, 78F0493, 78F0494, 78F0495
Purpose
This manual is intended to give users an understanding of the functions described in
the
Organization
below.
The manual for the 78K0/Lx3 microcontrollers is separated into two parts:
manual and the instructions edition (common to the 78K0 microcontrollers).
78K0/Lx3
User’s Manual
(This Manual)
•
Pin functions
•
Internal block functions
•
Interrupts
•
Other on-chip peripheral functions
•
Electrical specifications
78K/0 Series
User’s Manual
Instructions
•
CPU functions
•
Instruction set
•
Explanation of each instruction
this
Organization
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