Freescale Semiconductor
Technical Data
MC145151-2/D
Rev. 5, 12/2004
MC145151-2
MC145152-2
28
1
1
28
MC145151-2 and
MC145152-2
PLL Frequency Synthesizers
(CMOS)
The devices described in this document are typically
used as low-power, phase-locked loop frequency
synthesizers. When combined with an external low-pass
filter and voltage-controlled oscillator, these devices can
provide all the remaining functions for a PLL frequency
synthesizer operating up to the device's frequency limit.
For higher VCO frequency operation, a down mixer or a
prescaler can be used between the VCO and the
synthesizer IC.
These frequency synthesizer chips can be found in the
following and other applications:
CATV
TV Tuning
AM/FM Radios
Scanning Receivers
Two-Way Radios
Amateur Radio
OSC
CONTROL
LOGIC
Package Information
DW Suffix
P Suffix
SOG Package
Plastic DIP
Case 751F
Case 710
Ordering Information
Device
MC145151P2
MC145151DW2
MC145152P2
MC145152DW2
Package
Plastic DIP
SOG Package
Plastic DIP
SOG Package
Contents
1 MC145151-2 Parallel-Input (Interfaces with
Single-Modulus Prescalers) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Typical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 MC145152-2 Parallel-Input (Interfaces with
Dual-Modulus Prescalers) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2 Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3 Typical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3 MC145151-2 and MC145152-2
Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4 Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.1 Phase-Locked Loop — Low-Pass Filter
Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.2 Crystal Oscillator Considerations . . . . . . . . 19
4.3 Dual-Modulus Prescaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5 Package Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
÷
R
φ
÷
N
VCO
OUTPUT FREQUENCY
÷
A
÷
P/P + 1
Freescale reserves the right to change the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the design of its
products.
© Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2004. All rights reserved.
MC145151-2 Parallel-Input (Interfaces with Single-Modulus Prescalers)
1
MC145151-2 Parallel-Input (Interfaces with
Single-Modulus Prescalers)
The MC145151-2 is programmed by 14 parallel-input data lines for the N counter and three input lines for
the R counter. The device features consist of a reference oscillator, selectable-reference divider,
digital-phase detector, and 14-bit programmable divide-by-N counter.
The MC145151-2 is an improved-performance drop-in replacement for the MC145151-1. The power
consumption has decreased and ESD and latch-up performance have improved.
1.1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Features
Operating Temperature Range: - 40 to 85°C
Low Power Consumption Through Use of CMOS Technology
3.0 to 9.0 V Supply Range
On- or Off-Chip Reference Oscillator Operation
Lock Detect Signal
÷
N Counter Output Available
Single Modulus/Parallel Programming
8 User-Selectable
÷
R Values: 8, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 2410, 8192
÷
N Range = 3 to 16383
“Linearized” Digital Phase Detector Enhances Transfer Function Linearity
Two Error Signal Options: Single-Ended (Three-State) or Double-Ended
Chip Complexity: 8000 FETs or 2000 Equivalent Gates
f
in
1
•
V
SS
2
V
DD
3
PD
out
4
RA0 5
RA1 6
RA2 7
φ
R
8
φ
V
9
f
V
N0
N1
N2
N3
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
LD
OSC
in
OSC
out
N11
N10
N13
N12
T/R
N9
N8
N7
N6
N5
15 N4
Figure 1. MC145151-2 Pin Assignment
MC145151-2 and MC145152-2 Technical Data, Rev. 5
2
Freescale Semiconductor
MC145151-2 Parallel-Input (Interfaces with Single-Modulus Prescalers)
RA2
RA1
RA0
OSC
out
14 x 8 ROM REFERENCE DECODER
14
LOCK
DETECT
LD
OSC
in
14-BIT
÷
R COUNTER
PHASE
DETECTOR
A
PD
out
f
in
V
DD
14-BIT
÷
N COUNTER
14
PHASE
DETECTOR
B
φ
V
φ
R
f
V
N13
N11
N9
N7 N6
N4
N2
N0
T/R
TRANSMIT OFFSET ADDER
NOTE: N0 - N13 inputs and inputs RA0, RA1, and RA2 have pull-up resistors that are not shown.
Figure 2. MC145151-2 Block Diagram
1.2
1.2.1
Pin Descriptions
Input Pins
f
in
Frequency Input (Pin 1)
Input to the
÷
N portion of the synthesizer. f
in
is typically derived from loop VCO and is ac coupled into
the device. For larger amplitude signals (standard CMOS logic levels) dc coupling may be used.
RA0 - RA2
Reference Address Inputs (Pins 5, 6, 7)
These three inputs establish a code defining one of eight possible divide values for the total reference
divider, as defined by the table below.
Pull-up resistors ensure that inputs left open remain at a logic 1 and require only a SPST switch to alter
data to the zero state.
Reference Address Code
RA2
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
RA1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
RA0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Total
Divide
Value
8
128
256
512
1024
2048
2410
8192
MC145151-2 and MC145152-2 Technical Data, Rev. 5
Freescale Semiconductor
3
MC145151-2 Parallel-Input (Interfaces with Single-Modulus Prescalers)
N0 - N11
N Counter Programming Inputs (Pins 11 - 20, 22 - 25)
These inputs provide the data that is preset into the
÷
N counter when it reaches the count of zero. N0 is
the least significant and N13 is the most significant. Pull-up resistors ensure that inputs left open remain
at a logic 1 and require only an SPST switch to alter data to the zero state.
T/R
Transmit/Receive Offset Adder Input (Pin 21)
This input controls the offset added to the data provided at the N inputs. This is normally used for offsetting
the VCO frequency by an amount equal to the IF frequency of the transceiver. This offset is fixed at 856
when T/R is low and gives no offset when T/R is high. A pull-up resistor ensures that no connection will
appear as a logic 1 causing no offset addition.
OSC
in
, OSC
out
Reference Oscillator Input/Output (Pins 27, 26)
These pins form an on-chip reference oscillator when connected to terminals of an external parallel
resonant crystal. Frequency setting capacitors of appropriate value must be connected from OSC
in
to
ground and OSC
out
to ground. OSC
in
may also serve as the input for an externally-generated reference
signal. This signal is typically ac coupled to OSC
in
, but for larger amplitude signals (standard CMOS logic
levels) dc coupling may also be used. In the external reference mode, no connection is required to OSC
out
.
1.2.2
Output Pins
PD
out
Phase Detector A Output (Pin 4)
Three-state output of phase detector for use as loop-error signal. Double-ended outputs are also available
for this purpose (see
φ
V
and
φ
R
).
Frequency f
V
> f
R
or f
V
Leading: Negative Pulses
Frequency f
V
< f
R
or f
V
Lagging: Positive Pulses
Frequency f
V
= f
R
and Phase Coincidence: High-Impedance State
φ
R
,
φ
V
Phase Detector B Outputs (Pins 8, 9)
These phase detector outputs can be combined externally for a loop-error signal. A single-ended output is
also available for this purpose (see
PD
out
).
If frequency f
V
is greater than f
R
or if the phase of f
V
is leading, then error information is provided by
φ
V
pulsing low.
φ
R
remains essentially high.
If the frequency f
V
is less than f
R
or if the phase of f
V
is lagging, then error information is provided by
φ
R
pulsing low.
φ
V
remains essentially high.
If the frequency of f
V
= f
R
and both are in phase, then both
φ
V
and
φ
R
remain high except for a small
minimum time period when both pulse low in phase.
MC145151-2 and MC145152-2 Technical Data, Rev. 5
4
Freescale Semiconductor
MC145151-2 Parallel-Input (Interfaces with Single-Modulus Prescalers)
f
V
N Counter Output (Pin 10)
This is the buffered output of the
÷
N counter that is internally connected to the phase detector input. With
this output available, the
÷
N counter can be used independently.
LD
Lock Detector Output (Pin 28)
Essentially a high level when loop is locked (f
R
, f
V
of same phase and frequency). Pulses low when loop
is out of lock.
1.2.3
Power Supply
V
DD
Positive Power Supply (Pin 3)
The positive power supply potential. This pin may range from + 3 to + 9 V with respect to V
SS
.
V
SS
Negative Power Supply (Pin 2)
The most negative supply potential. This pin is usually ground.
MC145151-2 and MC145152-2 Technical Data, Rev. 5
Freescale Semiconductor
5
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