Military and Space Applications
Vishay Foil Resistors
Ultra High Precision Vishay Foil Surface Mount Resistors
FEATURES
•
Temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) from
0.2 ppm/°C (military range) with the Z-foil technology
•
Load life stability: to 0.005 % at + 70 °C, at rated power for
more than 10 000 h
•
Tolerance: best to 0.01 %
•
Power coefficient (ΔR due to self heating): to 5 ppm at
rated power for Z-foil resistors
•
Resistance range: from 2 mΩ
•
Vishay Foil resistors are not restricted to standard values,
we can supply specific “as required” values at no extra cost
or delivery (e.g. 1K2345 vs. 1K)
•
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) immunity up to 25 000 V
•
Fast terminal stabilization < 1 s
•
Rise time: 1 ns effectively no ringing
•
Thermal EMF < 0.1 µV/°C (Seebeck effect), especially
critical for low resistive value in DC current/voltage
•
Special non inductive and non capacitive design
•
The short time overload test is also part of the standard
production process (100 %)
•
Vishay Foil resistors have been radiation tested
•
There are four main factors which should be considered
when designing a board: TCR, PCR, thermal EMF and
ESD. Vishay Foil resistors provide the best combination of
the above factors
•
Data package and test results are available, please
contact us (foil@vishaypg.com)
INTRODUCTION
Many manufacturers and users of precision electronic
equipment suffer unnecessarily with unexplained instabilities
and drifts. They resign themselves to the need for constant
adjustments and troubleshooting which could in fact be
avoided.
Often the instability is traceable to a few “fixed” resistors
which are not fixed at all. If these resistors would only retain
their original values, there would be no need for costly
controls and other compensating circuitry.
The answer? A real precision and stable resistor.
Some precision resistors offer you tight tolerance at the
expense of poor load life stability (1000 h or more), thermal
stabilization and ESD sensitivity, others offer low TCR at the
expense of poor rise time.
Only Vishay Bulk Metal
®
Foil resistors offer you the complete
set of top performance characteristics, including TCR as low
as 0.2 ppm/°C with the Z-foil technology, a combination that
will most often free your equipment from that tormenting bug.
Vishay now offers you the chance to make your own custom
bulk-metal resistors for breadboard, prototype, or even
production use.
Call or write for
foil@vishaypg.com
information
about
our
resistors:
ABOUT THE VISHAY BULK METAL FOIL
RESISTOR
Vishay low cost high precision Bulk Metal Foil resistors are
the result of an improved concept in resistor manufacturing:
a proprietary Bulk Metal Foil of known and controllable
properties is applied to a special ceramic substrate.
A resistive pattern is then photo-etched by an ultra-fine
technique developed by Vishay. This process results in
resistor element characteristics of low TCR, long term
stability, non inductive, excellent thermal stabilization, low
capacitance and low noise.
The Bulk Metal Foil is a special alloy chosen for its electrical
mechanical and thermal characteristics. It is set on the
substrate by a unique and proprietary process which does
not subject the resistor element to the metallurgical changes
that occur during the winding of wire, or during the
evaporative process used in other forms of resistor
manufacturing. Because the alloy in the Vishay resistor is not
drawn, wound, work hardened, or stressed in any way during
manufacturing process, the resistor maintains all of its
www.foilresistors.com
1
APPLICATIONS
Dc-to-dc converters, feedback circuits, precision amplifiers in
test and measurement instrumentation, medical systems,
satellites and aerospace systems, commercial and military
avionics, weapons systems, audio systems, and
high-temperature systems including down-hole drilling.
How to order:
foil@vishaypg.com
Document Number: 63147
Revision: 06-May-10
For any questions, contact:
foil@vishaypg.com
Military and Space Applications
Vishay Foil Resistors
original design, physical and electrical characteristics. The
temperature coefficient of the resistor is carefully controlled
through compensating techniques which essentially
eliminates the effects of the different coefficients of
expansion of the materials used in the resistor.
resistors. They stabilize Foil resistors while they are harmful
to other types.
Short time overload, accelerated load life, and temperature
cycling are the three PMO exercises that do the most to
remove the anomalies down the road. Foil resistors are
inherently stable as manufactured. These PMO exercises
are only of value on foil resistors and they improve the
performance by small but significant amounts. Users are
encouraged to contact Vishay Foil applications engineering
for assistance in choosing the PMO operations that are right
for their application.
CUSTOM PRODUCT DESIGN
Customers who require additional performance tests are
encouraged to contact our application engineers. Our highly
trained application engineers are available to provide
technical assistance and can help in developing source
control drawings (SCD) which define the proper PMO (post
manufacturing operations) needed to achieve optimum
component reliability, stability and performance. Examples
for PMO tests include: short time overload, power
conditioning, thermal shock, thermal conditioning, etc.
PRODUCTION
Vishay Foil resistors are manufactured in a modern plants
complex under exacting conditions of cleanliness. White
rooms are used in several stages of production. The entire
process is under close quality control surveillance.
Batch handling, similar to the process used in semiconductor
manufacture, ensures uniform quality. Each resistor element
is inspected and processed under high magnification
microscopes.
All materials used in the resistor and in the manufacturing
process are carefully controlled and inspected, with
permanent records maintained. All units are tested
electrically, mechanically and visually for conformance to
specifications.
The resistors are delivered in ESD approved packaging.
POST MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS
OR PMO
Military applications can include requirements for
performance under conditions of stress beyond the normal
and over extended periods of time. This calls for more than
just selecting a standard device and applying it to a circuit.
The standard device may turn out to be all that is needed but
an analysis of the projected service conditions should be
made and it may well dictate a routine of stabilization
known as post manufacturing operations or PMO. The PMO
operations that will be discussed are only applicable to Foil
TABLE 1 - DSCC, EEE-INST-002, AND EPPL
(In accordance with: MIL-PRF-55342, MIL-PRF-55182, MIL-PRF-49465)
TYPE
CONSTRUCTION
DSCC
(1)
EEE-INST-002
(2)
EPPL
(3)
TYPICAL TCR MIL RANGE
(ppm/°C)
TYPICAL LOAD LIFE
STABILITY 2000 h
VSMP0805
07024
√
√
VSMP1206
07025
√
√
0.2
VSMP1506
03010
√
VSMP2010
06001
√
√
VSMP2512
06002
√
Wrap around
terminations
VSM0805
07024
√
VSM1206
07025
√
VSM1506
03010
√
2
VSM2010
06001
√
VSM2512
06002
√
SMR1DZ
06020
√
0.2
Molded, flexible
SMR1D
06020
√
2
terminations
with robust
SMR3DZ
06021
√
0.2
construction
SMR3D
06021
√
2
VCS1625Z
08003
√
0.2
VCS1625
08003
√
√
Current sense with
2
VCS1610
Kelvin connections
TBD
√
for a high accuracy
CSM2512
07011
√
15 maximum
CSM3637
07012
√
Notes
(1)
DSCC (Defense Supply Center Columbus)
(2)
EEE-INST-002 (Instruction for EEE Parts Selection, Screening, Qualification, and Derating)
(3)
EPPL (European Preferred Parts List)
• All the above resistors are also available on the shelf as standard products
www.foilresistors.com
2
For any questions, contact:
foil@vishaypg.com
0.005 %
0.05 %
Document Number: 63147
Revision: 06-May-10
Military and Space Applications
Vishay Foil Resistors
FIGURE 1 - TRIMMING TO VALUES
(Conceptual Illustration)
Interloop Capacitance
Reduction in Series
Current Path
Before Trimming
Current Path
After Trimming
Trimming Process
Removes this Material
from Shorting Strip Area
Changing Current Path
and Increasing
Resistance
Mutual Inductance
Reduction due
to Opposing
Current in
Adjacent Lines
Note:
Foil shown in
black,
etched spaces in
white
TABLE 2 - VSMP0805 (Z-FOIL) SPACE QUALIFICATION TEST RESULTS PER
MIL-PRF-55342H VALUE 5K
GROUP
TESTS
Visual inspection
I
DC resistance
Resistance to soldering heat
TCR
TCR
II
Low temperature operation
Overload
High temperature operation
Resistance to soldering heat
III
Moisture
Load life:
250 h
IV
500 h
1000 h
2000 h
V
VI
VIII
Solderability
Solderable mounting integrity
Thermal shock
at + 245 °C
30 s at 2 kg
100 x (- 65 °C to + 150 °C)
at 0.2 W at + 70 °C
3.47
- 1.38
- 6.56
- 5.94
X
X
-5
24
19
16
22
X
X
10
- 30
- 32
- 38
- 35
X
X
- 10
34/0
34/0
34/0
34/0
10/0
10/0
10/0
MIL-STD-202, method 106
- 241
- 224
- 261
10/0
- 65 °C at P
nom
, 45 min
at 6.25 x P
nom
, 5 s
100 h at + 150 °C
per MIL-PRF-55342
- 27
47
- 31
56.70
- 17
60
- 13
70
- 33
37
- 55
42
10/0
10/0
10/0
10/0
per MIL-PRF-55342
at - 55 °C to + 25 °C
at + 25 °C to + 125 °C
X
28
- 0.84
0.23
X
45
- 0.48
0.50
X
14
- 1.41
- 0.08
84/0
10/0
10/0
10/0
CONDITIONS
AVERAGE
ΔR
(ppm)
X
MAXIMUM
ΔR
(ppm)
X
MINIMUM
ΔR
(ppm)
X
ACC./REJ.
84/0
Document Number: 63147
Revision: 06-May-10
For any questions, contact:
foil@vishaypg.com
www.foilresistors.com
3
Military and Space Applications
Vishay Foil Resistors
TABLE 3 - CSM2512 EEE-INST-002 QCI PER AER #155518 AND
MIL-PRF-49465C F.C. #294499, VALUE 0R01
GROUP
I
TESTS
Resistance to solvent
Thermal shock
TCR
TCR
II
Low temperature storage
Overload
Moisture resistance
Load life:
250 h
III
500 h
1000 h
2000 h
Thermal shock
IV
Shock
Vibration
High temperature exposure
V
250 h
1000 h
Note
• Measurement error RC = 0.0005R - should be added to limits
1000 h at + 170 °C
774
1375
1510
2350
300
780
0/30
0/30
5 x (- 65 °C to + 125 °C)
100 G, 6 ms
(10 to 2000 Hz) 20 G
at 1 W at + 70 °C
129
177
271
326
16
0
-8
230
290
420
520
40
20
20
30
50
130
150
- 20
- 30
- 40
0/20
0/20
0/20
0/20
0/30
0/30
0/30
24 h at - 55 °C
at 5 x P
nom
, 5 s
10 days
9
29
42
20
60
70
0
- 20
10
0/10
0/10
0/10
CONDITIONS
MIL-STD-202G, method 215
5 x (- 65 °C to + 125 °C)
at - 55 °C to + 25 °C
at + 25 °C to + 125 °C
AVERAGE
ΔR
(ppm)
V
43
- 0.08
- 4.86
MAXIMUM
ΔR
(ppm)
V
120
3.36
- 1.69
MINIMUM
ΔR
(ppm)
V
- 40
- 3.13
- 7.70
REJ./ACC.
0/4
0/10
0/10
0/10
FIGURE 2 - VSMP 100 CYCLE THERMAL SHOCK - 65 °C TO + 150 °C, 10 UNITS EACH VALUE
100
80
60
40
ΔR/R
(ppm)
20
0
- 20
- 40
- 60
- 80
- 100
VSMP0805
5K
VSMP0805
12K
VSMP1206
10K
VSMP1206
30K
VSMP2010
10K
VSMP2010
100K
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4
For any questions, contact:
foil@vishaypg.com
Document Number: 63147
Revision: 06-May-10
Legal Disclaimer Notice
Vishay Precision Group, Inc.
Disclaimer
ALL PRODUCTS, PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS AND DATA ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.
Vishay Precision Group, Inc., its affiliates, agents, and employees, and all persons acting on its or their behalf
(collectively, “VPG”), disclaim any and all liability for any errors, inaccuracies or incompleteness contained herein or in
any other disclosure relating to any product.
The product specifications do not expand or otherwise modify VPG’s terms and conditions of purchase, including but
not limited to, the warranty expressed therein.
VPG makes no warranty, representation or guarantee other than as set forth in the terms and conditions of purchase.
To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, VPG disclaims (i) any and all liability arising out of the
application or use of any product, (ii) any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or
incidental damages, and (iii) any and all implied warranties, including warranties of fitness for particular purpose,
non-infringement and merchantability.
Information provided in datasheets and/or specifications may vary from actual results in different applications and
performance may vary over time. Statements regarding the suitability of products for certain types of applications
are based on VPG’s knowledge of typical requirements that are often placed on VPG products. It is the customer’s
responsibility to validate that a particular product with the properties described in the product specification is suitable for
use in a particular application. You should ensure you have the current version of the relevant information by contacting
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No license, express, implied, or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document, or by any
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The products shown herein are not designed for use in life-saving or life-sustaining applications unless otherwise
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Please contact authorized VPG personnel to obtain written terms and conditions regarding products designed for such
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Product names and markings noted herein may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Copyright Vishay Precision Group, Inc., 2014. All rights reserved.
Document No.: 63999
Revision: 15-Jul-2014
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