TR3005
•
Designed for Short-Range Wireless Medical Data Communications
•
Supports RF Data Transmission Rates Up to 115.2 kbps
•
3 V, Low Current Operation plus Sleep Mode
The TR3005 ultra-miniature hybrid transceiver is ideal for short-range wireless medical data ap-
plications where robust operation, small size, low power consumption and low cost are required.
The TR3005 employs RFM’s amplifier-sequenced hybrid (ASH) architecture to achieve this
unique blend of characteristics. All critical RF functions are contained in the hybrid, simplifying
and speeding design-in. The receiver section of the TR3005 is sensitive and stable. A wide dy-
namic range log detector, in combination with digital AGC and a compound data slicer, provide
robust performance in the presence of on-channel interference or noise. Two stages of SAW fil -
tering provide excellent receiver out-of-band rejection. The transmitter includes provisions for
both on-off keyed (OOK) and amplitude-shift keyed (ASK) modulation. The transmitter employs
SAW filtering to suppress output harmonics.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Rating
Power Supply and All Input/Output Pins
Non-Operating Case Temperature
Soldering Temperature (10 seconds)
Value
-0.3 to +4.0
-50 to +100
250
Units
V
o
o
403.50 MHz
Hybrid
Transceiver
C
C
Electrical Characteristics (typical values given for 3.0 Vdc power supply, 25
o
C)
Characteristic
Operating Frequency Range
Frequency Drift, -10 to 45 C, 2.2 to 3.7 Vdc
Modulation Type
OOK Data Rate
ASK Data Rate
Receiver Performance, High Sensitivity Mode
Sensitivity, 2.4 kbps, 10-3 BER, AM Test Method
Sensitivity, 2.4 kbps, 10-3 BER, Pulse Test Method
Current, 2.4 kbps (R
PR
= 330 K)
Sensitivity, 19.2 kbps, 10-3 BER, AM Test Method
Sensitivity, 19.2 kbps, 10-3 BER, Pulse Test Method
Current, 19.2 kbps (R
PR
= 330 K)
Sensitivity, 115.2 kbps, 10-3 BER, AM Test Method
Sensitivity, 115.2 kbps, 10-3 BER, Pulse Test Method
Current, 115.2 kbps
Receiver Performance, Low Current Mode
Sensitivity, 2.4 kbps, 10-3 BER, AM Test Method
Sensitivity, 2.4 kbps, 10-3 BER, Pulse Test Method
Current, 2.4 kbps (R
PR
= 1100 K)
Receiver Out-of-Band Rejection, ±5% f
O
R
±5%
1
1
2
3
-104
-98
1.8
80
dBm
dBm
mA
dB
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
-109
-103
3.0
-105
-99
3.1
-101
-95
3.8
dBm
dBm
mA
dBm
dBm
mA
dBm
dBm
mA
OOK/ASK
30
115.2
kbps
kbps
o
Sym
f
O
Notes
Minimum
403.35
Typical
Maximum
403.65
±100
Units
MHz
ppm
1
Electrical Characteristics (typical values given for 3.0 Vdc power supply, 25
o
C)
Characteristic
Transmitter Performance
Peak RF Output Power, 250 µA TXMOD Current
Peak Current, 250 µA TXMOD Current
2
nd
- 4
th
Harmonic Output
5
th
- 10
th
Harmonic Outputs
Non-harmonic Spurious Outputs
OOK Turn On/Turn Off Times
ASK Output Rise/Fall Times
Sleep Mode Current
Power Supply Voltage Range
Power Supply Voltage Ripple
Ambient Operating Temperature
T
A
-10
t
ON
/t
OFF
t
TR
/t
TF
I
S
V
CC
2.2
P
O
I
TP
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
0.7
3.7
10
55
0
7.5
-50
-55
-55
12/6
1.1/1.1
dBm
mA
dBm
dBm
dBm
µs
µs
µA
Vdc
mV
P-P
o
Sym
Notes
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
C
Notes:
1. Typical sensitivity data is based on a 10
-3
bit error rate (BER), using DC-balanced data. There are two test methods commonly used to
measure OOK/ASK receiver sensitivity, the “100% AM” test method and the “Pulse” test method. Sensitivity data is given for both test meth-
ods. See Appendix 3.8 in the
ASH Transceiver Designer’s Guide
for the details of each test method, and for sensitivity curves for a 2.2 to
3.7 V supply voltage range at five operating temperatures. The application/test circuit and component values are shown on the next page and
in the
Designer’s Guide.
2. At low data rates it is possible to adjust the ASH pulse generator to trade-off some receiver sensitivity for lower operating current. Sensitiv-
ity data and receiver current are given at 2.4 kbps for both high sensitivity operation (R
PR
= 330 K) and low current operation (R
PR
= 1100 K).
3. Data is given with the ASH radio matched to a 50 ohm load. Matching component values are given on the next page.
4. See Table 1 on Page 8 for additional information on ASH radio event timing.
SM-20H Package Drawing
B
C
D
E
ASH Transceiver Pin Out
F
GND1
1
VCC1 2
AGCCAP 3
PKDET 4
BBOUT 5
CMPIN 6
RXDATA 7
TXMOD 8
LPFADJ 9
10 11
GND2
20
RFIO
A
19 GND3
H
18 CNTRL0
17 CNTRL1
16 VCC2
15 PWIDTH
14 PRATE
13 THLD1
12 THLD2
G
mm
Dimension
A
B
C
D
Min
9.881
6.731
1.778
1.651
0.381
0.889
3.175
1.397
Nom
10.033
6.858
1.930
1.778
0.508
1.016
3.302
1.524
Max
10.135
6.985
2.032
1.905
0.635
1.143
3.429
1.651
Min
.389
.265
.070
.065
.015
.035
.0125
.055
Inches
Nom
.395
.270
.076
.070
.020
.040
.130
.060
Max
.400
.275
.080
.075
.025
.045
.135
.065
RREF
E
F
G
H
2
ASH Transceiver Application Circuit
OOK Configuration
+3
VDC
C
RFB2
C
DCB
+
ASH Transceiver Application Circuit
ASK Configuration
+3
VDC
C
RFB2
C
DCB
+
T/R
R
PW
R
PR
R
TH1
TR Mode
Control
13
12
THLD
2
RREF
19
18
CNT
RL0
17
CNT
RL1
16
R
PW
R
PR
R
TH1
19
18
CNT
RL0
17
CNT
RL1
16
15
14
15
14
13
12
THLD
2
RREF
R
TH2
L
AT
20
GND
3
RFIO
VCC
P
P
THLD
2
WIDTH RATE
1
L
AT
11
TOP VIEW
GND1
VCC
AGC
1
CAP
2
3
PK
DET
4
BB
OUT
5
CMP
IN
6
RX
DATA
7
R
REF
GND2
10
TX
LPF
MOD
ADJ
8
9
20
GND
3
RFIO
VCC
P
P
THLD
2
WIDTH RATE
1
TOP VIEW
GND1
VCC
AGC
1
CAP
2
3
PK
DET
4
BB
OUT
5
CMP
IN
6
RX
DATA
7
11
R
REF
GND2
10
TX
LPF
MOD
ADJ
8
9
L
ESD
1
L
ESD
1
L
RFB
R
BBO
+3
VDC
C
RFB1
C
LPF
C
BBO
R
TXM
R
LPF
C
RFB1
Modulation Input
Data Output
L
RFB
C
BBO
+3
VDC C
C
PKD
AGC
R
TXM
R
LPF
Modulation Input
Data Output
Transceiver Set-Up, 3.0 Vdc, -40 to +85
0
C
Item
Encoded Data Rate
Minimum Signal Pulse
Maximum Signal Pulse
AGCCAP Capacitor
PKDET Capacitor
BBOUT Capacitor
BBOUT Resistor
LPFAUX Capacitor
TXMOD Resistor
LPFADJ Resistor
RREF Resistor
THLD2 Resistor
THLD1 Resistor
PRATE Resistor
PWIDTH Resistor
DC Bypass Capacitor
RF Bypass Capacitor 1
RF Bypass Capacitor 2
RF Bypass Bead
Series Tuning Inductor
Shunt Tuning/ESD Inductor
Symbol
DR
NOM
SP
MIN
SP
MAX
C
AGC
C
PKD
C
BBO
R
BBO
C
LPF
R
TXM
R
LPF
R
REF
R
TH2
R
TH1
R
PR
R
PW
C
DCB
C
RFB1
C
RFB2
L
RFB
L
AT
L
ESD
OOK
2.4
416.67
1666.68
-
-
0.1
12
0.0047
8.2
330
100
-
0
330
270 to GND
4.7
100
100
Fair-Rite
56
220
OOK
19.2
52.08
208.32
-
-
0.015
0
-
8.2
100
100
-
0
330
270 to GND
4.7
100
100
Fair-Rite
56
220
ASK
115.2
8.68
34.72
2200
0.001
0.0027
0
-
8.2
15
100
100
10
160
1000 to Vcc
4.7
100
100
Fair-Rite
56
220
Units
kbps
µs
µs
pF
µF
µF
K
µF
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
µF
pF
pF
vendor
nH
nH
Notes
see pages 1 & 2
single bit
4 bits of same value
±10% ceramic
±10% ceramic
±10% ceramic
±5%
±5%
±5%, for 0 dBm output
±5%
±1%
±1%, for 6 dB below peak
±1%, typical values
±5%
±5%
tantalum
±5% NPO
±5% NPO
2506033017YO or equivalent
50 ohm antenna
50 ohm antenna
CAUTION: Electrostatic Sensitive Device. Observe precautions when handling.
3
ASH Transceiver Theory of Operation
Introduction
RFM’s amplifier-sequenced hybrid (ASH) transceiver is specifically
designed for short-range wireless data communication applications.
The transceiver provides robust operation, very small size, low
power consumption and low implementation cost. All critical RF
functions are contained in the hybrid, simplifying and speeding de-
sign-in. The ASH transceiver can be readily configured to support a
wide range of data rates and protocol requirements. The transceiver
features excellent suppression of transmitter harmonics and virtually
no RF emissions when receiving, making it easy to certify to short-
range (unlicensed) radio regulations.
Amplifier-Sequenced Receiver Operation
The ASH transceiver’s unique feature set is made possible by its
system architecture. The heart of the transceiver is the amplifier-
sequenced receiver section, which provides more than 100 dB of
stable RF and detector gain without any special shielding or de-
coupling provisions. Stability is achieved by distributing the total RF
gain over
time.
This is in contrast to a superheterodyne receiver,
which achieves stability by distributing total RF gain over multiple
frequencies.
Figure 1 shows the basic block diagram and timing cycle for an am-
plifier-sequenced receiver. Note that the bias to RF amplifiers RFA1
and RFA2 are independently controlled by a pulse generator, and
that the two amplifiers are coupled by a surface acoustic wave
(SAW) delay line, which has a typical delay of 0.5 µs.
An incoming RF signal is first filtered by a narrow-band SAW filter,
and is then applied to RFA1. The pulse generator turns RFA1 ON
for 0.5 µs. The amplified signal from RFA1 emerges from the SAW
delay line at the input to RFA2. RFA1 is now switched OFF and
RFA2 is switched ON for 0.55 µs, amplifying the RF signal further.
The ON time for RFA2 is usually set at 1.1 times the ON time for
RFA1, as the filtering effect of the SAW delay line stretches the sig-
nal pulse from RFA1 somewhat. As shown in the timing diagram,
RFA1 and RFA2 are never on at the same time, assuring excellent
receiver stability. Note that the narrow-band SAW filter eliminates
sampling sideband responses outside of the receiver passband, and
the SAW filter and delay line act together to provide very high re-
ceiver ultimate rejection.
Amplifier-sequenced receiver operation has several interesting char -
acteristics that can be exploited in system design. The RF amplifiers
in an amplifier-sequenced receiver can be turned on and off almost
instantly, allowing for very quick power-down (sleep) and wake-up
times. Also, both RF amplifiers can be off between ON sequences
to trade-off receiver noise figure for lower average current consump-
tion. The effect on noise figure can be modeled as if RFA1 is on
continuously, with an attenuator placed in front of it with a loss
equivalent to 10*log
10
(RFA1 duty factor), where the duty factor is the
average amount of time RFA1 is ON (up to 50%). Since an
amplifier-sequenced receiver is inherently a sampling receiver, the
overall cycle time between the start of one RFA1 ON sequence and
ASH Receiver Block Diagram & Timing Cycle
Antenna
SAW Filter
RFA1
P1
SAW
Delay Line
RFA2
P2
Detector &
Low-Pass
Filter
Data
Out
Pulse
Generator
RF Input
RF Data Pulse
t
PW1
P1
t
PRI
t
PRC
RFA1 Out
Delay Line
Out
t
PW2
P2
Figure 1
4
ASH Transceiver Block Diagram
TX CN CN
IN TRL1 TRL0
R
TXM
8
17
Modulation
& Bias Control
TXMOD
18
Power Down
Control
VCC1: Pin 2
VCC2: Pin 16
GND1: Pin 1
GND2: Pin 10
GND3: Pin 19
RREF: Pin 11
CMPIN: Pin 6
Antenna
RFIO
20
Tuning
Tuning/ESD
TXA2
TXA1
Log
BBOUT
DS2
SAW
CR Filter
RFA1
SAW
Delay Line
RFA2
Detector
Low-Pass
Filter
LPFADJ 9
R
LPF
BB
5
C
BBO
6
Peak
Detector
C
PKD
Ref
PKDET 4
dB Below
Peak Thld
AND
7
RXDATA
AGC Set
Gain Select
AGC
Ref
DS1
Thld
Threshold
Control
13
11
R
TH1
12
THLD2
R
TH2
R
REF
Pulse Generator
& RF Amp Bias
PRATE 14
R
PR
15 PWIDTH
R
PW
AGC
Control
AGCCAP
3
C
AGC
AGC Reset
THLD1
Figure 2
the start of the next RFA1 ON sequence should be set to sample
the narrowest RF data pulse at least 10 times. Otherwise, significant
edge jitter will be added to the detected data pulse.
ASH Transceiver Block Diagram
Figure 2 is the general block diagram of the ASH transceiver.
Please refer to Figure 2 for the following discussions.
Antenna Port
The only external RF components needed for the transceiver are
the antenna and its matching components. Antennas presenting an
impedance in the range of 35 to 72 ohms resistive can be satisfacto-
rily matched to the RFIO pin with a series matching coil and a shunt
matching/ESD protection coil. Other antenna impedances can be
matched using two or three components. For some impedances,
two inductors and a capacitor will be required. A DC path from RFIO
to ground is required for ESD protection.
Receiver Chain
The output of the SAW filter drives amplifier RFA1. This amplifier in-
cludes provisions for detecting the onset of saturation (AGC Set),
and for switching between 35 dB of gain and 5 dB of gain (Gain Se-
lect). AGC Set is an input to the AGC Control function, and Gain Se-
lect is the AGC Control function output. ON/OFF control to RFA1
(and RFA2) is generated by the Pulse Generator & RF Amp Bias
function. The output of RFA1 drives the SAW delay line, which has
a nominal delay of 0.5 µs.
The second amplifier, RFA2, provides 51 dB of gain below satura-
tion. The output of RFA2 drives a full-wave detector with 19 dB of
threshold gain. The onset of saturation in each section of RFA2 is
detected and summed to provide a logarithmic response. This is
added to the output of the full-wave detector to produce an overall
detector response that is square law for low signal levels, and tran-
sitions into a log response for high signal levels. This combination
provides excellent threshold sensitivity and more than 70 dB of
detector dynamic range. In combination with the 30 dB of AGC
range in RFA1, more than 100 dB of receiver dynamic range is
achieved.
The detector output drives a gyrator filter. The filter provides a
three-pole, 0.05 degree equiripple low-pass response with excellent
group delay flatness and minimal pulse ringing. The 3 dB bandwidth
of the filter can be set from 4.5 kHz to 1.8 MHz with an external re-
sistor.
The filter is followed by a base-band amplifier which boosts the de-
tected signal to the BBOUT pin. When the receiver RF amplifiers
are operating at a 50%-50% duty cycle, the BBOUT signal changes
about 10 mV/dB, with a peak-to-peak signal level of up to 685 mV.
For lower duty cycles, the mV/dB slope and peak-to-peak signal
level are proportionately less. The detected signal is riding on a
1.1 Vdc level that varies somewhat with supply voltage, tempera-
ture, etc. BBOUT is coupled to the CMPIN pin or to an external data
recovery process (DSP, etc.) by a series capacitor. The correct
value of the series capacitor depends on data rate, data run length,
and other factors as discussed in the
ASH Transceiver Designer’s
Guide.
When an external data recovery process is used with AGC, BBOUT
must be coupled to the external data recovery process and CMPIN
by separate series coupling capacitors. The AGC reset function is
driven by the signal applied to CMPIN.
When the transceiver is placed in power-down (sleep) or in a trans-
mit mode, the output impedance of BBOUT becomes very high. This
feature helps preserve the charge on the coupling capacitor to mini-
mize data slicer stabilization time when the transceiver switches
back to the receive mode.
Data Slicers
The CMPIN pin drives two data slicers, which convert the analog
signal from BBOUT back into a digital stream. The best data slicer
choice depends on the system operating parameters. Data slicer
DS1 is a capacitively-coupled comparator with provisions for an ad -
justable threshold. DS1 provides the best performance at low
5
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