Smart car design based on arduino

The smart car has functions such as infrared obstacle avoidance, line patrol, remote control, human-computer interaction, and optimization of forward routes. The details are as follows:

1. The front of the car uses ultrasonic waves to avoid obstacles. The HC-SR04 module is used for ultrasonic waves. Its working principle is that the propagation speed of sound waves in the air is known to be certain. The distance to the obstacle is calculated using the time it takes for one side to transmit and the other side to receive. According to this feature, it can be used to avoid obstacles. You can also use the servo to rotate the ultrasonic module left and right to detect the distance of obstacles in different directions, and optimize the route through the Arduino motherboard, making it more intelligent;

2. The car can use ultrasonic sensors to follow at equal distances. For example, if the following distance is set to 200-300mm, if it exceeds this range, the car can follow up; if it is less than this range, it will retreat to achieve the effect of automatic following;

3. The car uses an infrared sensor to perform line tracking function by sensing the black tape. The effective detection distance of the infrared sensor selected this time is 5-30mm (avoid using it under strong light). The detection distance is adjusted through the white knob on the module. Using the principle that the black tape reflects weak light, the car can move according to the trajectory set by the black tape, and the infrared sensor can also be used to assist in obstacle avoidance to prevent the car from entering a blind spot;

4. The car has human-computer interaction function. It mainly uses the touch sensor module. By touching the sensor, the car is prompted to swing left and right and move forward. The car can also be controlled by the program to return to the origin.

5. The left and right red 5mm LED lights of the car can simulate the left and right turn signals of the car and can also be used as power-on indicator lights.

6. The car is equipped with a buzzer, which can be used on multiple occasions, such as prompts when obstacles are detected, steering prompts, touch prompts, etc.;

7. The car is equipped with an infrared remote control to control the forward direction of the car. You can also set buttons and set different functions as needed;

8. The complete program is attached.

Precautions:

1. You need to have certain chip soldering skills, such as looking for some drag soldering videos, watching more and practicing more;

2. The motor uses a 2P socket and connects the motor wires to the power cord;

3. The PCB board must be cut off at the position corresponding to the Arduino data import socket to prevent gaps between the expansion board and the Arduino board and affect the pin coordination;

4. When programming the ultrasonic module, be sure to add a short delay such as 10 microseconds after each test is completed to prevent program confusion and affect the actual effect.