Router Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)

Project Overview: 
This open-source project aims to design and implement an uninterruptible power management system (UPS) for routers, suitable for various application scenarios, including home automation, industrial control, and portable devices. The system integrates multiple functional modules, covering all key components from power input and battery management to output control, aiming to provide a stable and reliable power supply while ensuring the safe and long-term operation of devices.
Key Features and Components:


Power Input and Conversion:

A CN3306 boost converter chip is used to boost the 12V input voltage to 18V for charging a 5-cell lithium iron phosphate battery. A
SY8386 buck converter chip is used to stabilize the battery's 18V output to 12V, meeting the device's stable voltage requirements.



Battery Management and Protection:

An integrated BM3451 chip provides battery protection functions, including overcharge, over-discharge, and overcurrent protection, as well as equalization management of battery cells, ensuring battery safety and lifespan.



Multiple Voltage Outputs:

A TPS54302 chip steps down the 18V output from the battery to 5V, adapting to the voltage requirements of different devices and ensuring stable operation of all parts of the system.
The 1117 chip enables a 5V to 3.3V power supply to the ESP32.



Remote control and monitoring:

The integrated ESP32 microcontroller connects to the Home Assistant platform via Wi-Fi, enabling remote control, real-time monitoring, and data feedback, enhancing system intelligence and user experience.



Current monitoring and management:

The INA3221 chip monitors the current of various system components in real time, helping users understand energy consumption and optimize system efficiency.



Output management and protection:

Utilizing the LTC4412 ideal diode for output management ensures seamless switching between battery and external power, effectively protecting the circuit from reverse voltage and current surges.
NMOS and relays (added due to limited understanding of MOS management; final decision to be made after testing) provide overall output control.



Environmental monitoring:

Integrated temperature and humidity sensors and a cooling fan monitor ambient temperature and humidity, automatically adjusting the system fan to maintain safe operating temperature ranges.



Program platform:
Arduino 
code and compiled firmware are attached.
Usage:
If unable to connect to Wi-Fi or MQTT, press and hold the button during startup to clear stored information.