Features & Benefits
Two independent Active Light measurement
channels for proximity sensing and/or gesture
recognition
Integrated DC light cancellation circuitry
Two logarithmic ambient light channels with
two different sensitivities
Minimum amount of external components
Stand-by and sleep modes for low power
consumption
Integrated LED drivers
Integrated battery voltage monitor
Integrated LED temperature sensing circuitry
Integrated 16bit ADC for high resolution A2D
conversion
Integrated temperature sensor
Integrated watchdog timer
Easy digital communication interface via SPI
High input capacitance tolerant input current
terminals
High safety design by several diagnostic and
monitoring functions
Applications
Robust Proximity Sensing
Smart Touch Displays & Panels
Simple Gesture Detection
Driver-Passenger Discrimination
Ambient Light Sensing & Display Dimming
Functional Diagram
Ordering Information
Product Code
MLX75031
MLX75031
Temperature Code
R (-40°C to 105°C)
C (0°C to 70°C)
Package Code
LQ (QFN24 4x4)
LQ (QFN24 4x4)
Option Code
B
B
General Description
The MLX75031 Optical Gesture & Proximity Sensing IC actively controls up to 2 independent Active Light
measurement channels. Each channel consists out of one or multiple LEDs, of any type, combined with
one or more photodiodes, of any type. Additional Active Light channels can be added through
multiplexing. Integrated DC light suppression makes the sensors highly tolerant to background light
interference. Primary function is complemented with two integrated ambient light channels. Internal
control logic, configurable user registers and SPI communication enable intuitive & programmable
operation. Extra features include a watchdog timer, on-board temperature sensor and self-diagnostics are
built-in to facilitate robust product design.
The digital output from the Active Light and ambient light channels can be used for proximity and ambient
light detection. Gestures such as swipe, zoom, scroll can be recognized by software algorithms that can
run on the customer’s microcontroller. Reliable communication is assured via an SPI interface.
MLX75031
Optical Gesture & Proximity Sensing IC
with Integrated LED Drivers
Datasheet
Table of Contents
Benefits....................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
Features & Benefits.................................................................................................................................... 1
................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
Applications ............................................................................................................................................... 1
................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................
Functional Diagram .................................................................................................................................... 1
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
Ordering Information ................................................................................................................................. 1
................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
General Description ................................................................................................................................... 1
Table of Contents....................................................................................................................................... 2
.......................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................
................................................................
1. Functional Block Diagram ....................................................................................................................... 4
................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................
2. Device Overview .................................................................................................................................... 4
Terms...................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
3. Glossary of Terms................................................................................................................................... 5
Ratings................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
4. Absolute Maximum Ratings.................................................................................................................... 6
................................................................................................................
................................................................
5. Pin Definitions & Descriptions ................................................................................................................ 7
6. General Electrical Specifications............................................................................................................. 9
.............................................................................................................
................................................................
Specifications................................................................................................
................................................................
7. Sensor Interface Specific Specifications................................................................................................ 10
...............................................................................................................
................................................................
8. Detailed General Description ............................................................................................................... 15
8.1 Active Light Channels A & B
......................................................................................................................................................
15
8.1.1 Transimpedance Amplifier (TIA)
................................................................................................
15
8.1.2 Active Light Channel DC Light Measurement ....................................................................... 16
8.2 Ambient Light Sensor ................................................................................................................... 17
8.2.1 Normal Operation .................................................................................................................. 17
8.2.2 Logarithmic Transfer Function .............................................................................................. 17
8.2.3 Calibration & Temperaure Compensaion ............................................................................. 18
8.2.4 Response Time ....................................................................................................................... 19
8.2.5 Diagnostics Mode Operation ................................................................................................ 20
8.3 Temperature Sensor .................................................................................................................... 21
8.4 Analog to Digital Conversion........................................................................................................ 22
8.5 Output Stage................................................................................................................................. 22
8.5.1 DAC ......................................................................................................................................... 22
8.5.2 LED Driver ............................................................................................................................... 23
8.5.3 LED Forward Voltage Measurement..................................................................................... 23
8.5.4 Battery Supply Voltage Measurement & Monitoring .......................................................... 24
8.6 Power-On Reset ............................................................................................................................ 25
8.7 Oscillator (RC) ............................................................................................................................... 25
8.8 ADC MUX ...................................................................................................................................... 25
8.9 Vstab Analog +Bandgap ............................................................................................................... 26
8.10 Digital Control............................................................................................................................. 26
8.11 SPI................................................................................................................................................ 26
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MLX75031
Optical Gesture & Proximity Sensing IC
with Integrated LED Drivers
Datasheet
8.11.1 General Description of the SPI Interface ............................................................................ 26
8.11.2 Operation Modes................................................................................................................. 29
8.11.3 Detailed Explanation of SPI Instruction Words .................................................................. 30
8.11.3.1 NOP – Idle Command ....................................................................................................... 30
8.11.3.2 CR – Chip Reset Command .............................................................................................. 30
8.11.3.3 RSLP/CSLP – Request Sleep/Confirm Sleep ..................................................................... 30
8.11.3.4 RSTBY/CSTBY - Request Standby/Confirm Standby ........................................................ 31
8.11.3.5 NRM – Normal Running Mode......................................................................................... 31
8.11.4 SM – Start Measurement .................................................................................................... 32
8.11.5 RO – Start Read-Out ............................................................................................................ 34
8.11.6 DM+RO - Start Measurement combined with Read-Out .................................................. 36
8.11.7 WR/RR - Write/Read Register ............................................................................................. 37
8.11.8 SD – Start Diagnostics .......................................................................................................... 38
8.12 Internal Status Flags ................................................................................................................... 40
8.13 User Registers Overview ............................................................................................................ 42
8.13.0 SetAna register .................................................................................................................... 43
8.13.1 SetAH register ...................................................................................................................... 44
8.13.2 SetAL register ....................................................................................................................... 44
8.13.3 SetBH register ...................................................................................................................... 45
8.13.4 SetBL register ....................................................................................................................... 45
8.13.5 SetTP register ....................................................................................................................... 46
8.13.6 Err register ........................................................................................................................... 47
8.13.7 Rst register ........................................................................................................................... 48
8.13.8 Version register.................................................................................................................... 48
8.10.9 Reserved register ................................................................................................................. 49
8.10.10 GainBuf register ................................................................................................................. 49
8.13.11/12 Calib1/Calib2 register .................................................................................................. 50
8.13.13 EnChan register ................................................................................................................. 54
8.13.14 Tamb register ..................................................................................................................... 55
8.13.15 SetPLS register ................................................................................................................... 55
8.14 Window Watchdog Timer .......................................................................................................... 56
8.15 Reset Behaviour ......................................................................................................................... 58
8.16 Supply Voltage Behaviour .......................................................................................................... 59
8.17 Wake-up from Sleep or Standby ............................................................................................... 60
8.18 CRC Calculation .......................................................................................................................... 61
8.19 Global Timing Diagrams ............................................................................................................. 62
.......................................................................................................................
................................................................
9. Application Information ....................................................................................................................... 63
9.1 Application circuit......................................................................................................................... 63
10. Standard information regarding manufacturability of Melexis products with different
.............................................................................................................................
................................................................
soldering processes ............................................................................................................................. 64
................................................................
..........................................
11. General Recommendations - ESD/EMC Precautions .......................................................................... 65
12. Package Information .......................................................................................................................... 66
..........................................................................................................................
................................................................
12.1 QFN 4x4 (24 pins): Quad Flat No-lead with exposed pad ........................................................ 66
................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................
13. Disclaimer .......................................................................................................................................... 67
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MLX75031
Optical Gesture & Proximity Sensing IC
with Integrated LED Drivers
Datasheet
1. Functional Block Diagram
Figure 1 : MLX75031 Functional Block Diagram
2. Device Overview
The MLX75031 Optical Gesture & Proximity Sensing IC independently controls up to 2 Active Light channels.
Both channels, A and B, have externally connected photodiodes. External LEDs can be driven up to 150 mA
by the built-in LED driver. This current drive capability can also be used to drive a low cost bipolar transistor
to increase the peak LED current. The chip synchronizes the pulsing of the LEDs and the exposure time of
the Active Light channel photodiodes whereby ambient light and reflected LED light are detected
separately. Any spurious light source is subtracted from the Active Light signal. See Section 8.1.
The two logarithmic current sensing channels C and D can be used to measure ambient light over a very
wide intensity range. See Section 8.2 for more details.
As auxiliary features, the sensor integrates a watchdog timer, can measure its own temperature, the LED
temperature, monitor voltage supply level and perform self diagnostics.
All of this information is available via the SPI interface.
See Section 8.14, 8.3, 8.5.3, 8.5.4 or 8.11.8 for detailed information.
The sensor features sleep and standby modes to save on current consumption. (Section 8.11.2)
The SPI interface is used for data transfer and control of the IC. The timing characteristics are explained in
Section 8.11.1 and the interface commands and programmable options in Section 8.11.3 & 8.13.
The sensor is available in both consumer and automotive temperature grades.
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MLX75031
Optical Gesture & Proximity Sensing IC
with Integrated LED Drivers
Datasheet
3. Glossary of Terms
CR
CRC
CS
CSLP
CSTBY
DAC
DC
DR
EMC
GNDA
GNDD
IR
LPF
LSB
MISO
MOSI
MR
MSB
MUX
NOP
NRM
OSC
OTR
POR
RCO
RO
RR
RSLP
RSTBY
SCLK
SM
SNR
SPI
TIA
VCCA
VCCD
VSENSE
WDT
WR
uC
Chip Reset
Cyclic Redundancy Check
Chip Select
Confirm Sleep
Confirm Standby
Digital to Analog Converter
Direct Current
Device Ready
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Ground for analog blocks of MLX75031
Ground for digital blocks of MLX75031
Infrared
Low-pass filter
Least Significant Bit
Master In Slave Out
Master Out Slave In
Master Reset
Most Significant Bit
Multiplexer
No Operation
Normal Running Mode
Oscillator
Optical transfer ratio
Power on reset
RC-Oscillator
Read-Out
Read Register
Request Sleep
Request Standby
SPI Shift Clock
Start Measurement
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
Serial Peripheral Interface
Transimpedance Amplifier
Supply Voltage for the analog blocks
Supply Voltage for the digital blocks
Voltage across the shunt resistor
Watchdog Timer
Write Register
Microcontroller
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