Power Management
MICROELECTRONICS
A
A
GM66500 SERIES
5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
Description
The GM66500 series is 5.0A low-dropout linear voltage reg-
ulators that provide a low-voltage, high-current output with
a minimum of external components.
The GM66500 series offers extremely low dropout
(typically 400mV at 5.0A) and low ground current (typically
70mA at 5.0A).
The GM66500 series is ideal for PC add-in cards that need
to convert from standard 3.0V to 2.5V and 2.5V to 1.8V,
down to new, lower core voltages. A guaranteed maximum
dropout voltage of 500mV over all operating conditions
allows the GM66500 series to provide 2.5V from a supply
as low as 3V. The GM66500 series also has fast
transient response, for heavy switching applications. The
device requires only 47µF of output capacitance to
maintain stability and achieve fast transient response.
The GM66500 series is fully protected with overcurrent
limiting, thermal shutdown, reversed-battery protection,
reversed-lead insertion protection, and reversed-leakage
protection.
The GM66501 series offers a TTL-logic-compatible enable
pin and an error flag that indicates undervoltage and
overcurrent conditions. Offered in a fixed voltages, 1.8V
and 2.5V, the GM66500 series comes in the TO-220 and
TO-263 packages and is an ideal upgrade to older, NPN-
based linear voltage regulators.
Features
5.0A minimum guaranteed output current
400mV dropout voltage
Designed for 3.0V to 2.5V conversion
Designed for 2.5V to 1.8V conversion
1% initial accuracy
Low ground current
Current limiting and Thermal shutdown
Reversed-battery and reversed-lead insertion
protection
Reversed-leakage protection
Fast transient response
TO-220 and TO-263 packages
TTL/CMOS compatible enable pin (GM66501 only)
Error flag output (GM66501 only)
Ceramic capacitor stable (See Application
Information)
Application
Low Voltage Digital ICs
LDO linear regulator for PC add-in cards
High-efficiency linear power supplies
SMPS post regulator
Multimedia and PC processor supplies
Low-voltage microcontrollers
Strong ARM
TM
processor supply
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS
100kW
V
IN
3.3V
V
IN
V
OUT
V
OUT
2.5V
ENABLE
SHUTDOWN
GM66501 - 2.5
V
EN
V
IN
GND
FLG
V
OUT
ERROR FLAG
OUTPUT
GM66500 - 2.5
GND
V
IN
3.3V
V
OUT
2.5V
+
1.0µF
+
47µF
+
1.0µF
+
47µF
www.gammamicro.com
GM66500 SERIES
V0.2
1
GM 431
Power Management
MICROELECTRONICS
A
A
GM66500 SERIES
5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
MARKING INFORMATION & PIN CONFIGURATIONS
(TOP VIEW)
TO-263-2 (D PAK)
2
TO-220
TO-220- 5
TO-263-5(D PAK)
2
GM66500
VVAYWW
GM66500
VVAYWW
GM66501
VVAYWW
GM66501
VVAYWW
V
IN
GND
V
OUT
V
IN
GND
V
OUT
EN
V
IN
FLG
GND
V
OUT
EN
V
IN
FLG
GND
V
OUT
Pinout On all devices, the Tab is grounded.
VV
A
Y
WW
= Output Voltage (18=1.8V , 25=2.5V)
= Assembly Location
= Year
= Weekly
GM66500/ Three Terminal
Pin 1 = Input, 2 = Ground, 3 = Output
GM66501/ Five Terminal
(
Fixed Voltage Devices
)
Pin 1 = Enable, 2 = Input, 3 = Ground,
4 = Output, 5 = Flag
ORDERING INFORMATION
ORDERING NUMBER
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
PACKAGE
SHIPPING
GM66500
GM66500-1.8TA3T
GM66500-1.8TA3R
GM66500-1.8TB3T
GM66500-2.5TA3T
GM66500-2.5TA3R
GM66500-2.5TB3T
GM66500-3.3TA3T
GM66500-3.3TA3R
GM66500-3.3TB3T
GM66500-5.0TA3T
1.8V
1.8V
1.8V
2.5V
2.5V
2.5V
3.3V
3.3V
3.3V
5.0V
5.0V
5.0V
TO-263-2
TO-263-2
TO-220
TO-263-2
TO-263-2
TO-220
TO-263-2
TO-263-2
TO-220
TO-263-2
TO-263-2
TO-220
50 Units/ Tube
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
50 Units/ Tube
50 Units/ Tube
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
50 Units/ Tube
50 Units/ Tube
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
50 Units/ Tube
50 Units/ Tube
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
50 Units/ Tube
GM66500 SERIES
GM66500-5.0TA3R
GM66500-5.0TB3T
GM66501
GM66501-1.8TA5T
GM66501-1.8TA5R
GM66501-1.8TB5T
GM66501-2.5TA5T
GM66501-2.5TA5R
GM66501-2.5TB5T
1.8V
1.8V
1.8V
2.5V
2.5V
2.5V
TO-263-5
TO-263-5
TO-220-5
TO-263-5
TO-263-5
TO-220-5
50 Units/ Tube
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
50 Units/ Tube
50 Units/ Tube
800 Units/ Tape & Reel
50 Units/ Tube
* For detail Ordering Number identification, please see last page.
2
Power Management
MICROELECTRONICS
A
A
GM66500 SERIES
5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
PIN DESCRIPTION
PIN number
GM66500
PIN Number
GM66501
1
1
2, TAB
3
2
3, TAB
4
5
PIN Name
V
EN
V
IN
GND
V
OUT
FLG
PIN Function
Enable (Input): TTL/CMOS compatible input.
Logic high=enable; logic low or open=shutdown.
Unregulated Input: +16V maximum supply.
Ground: Ground pin and TAB are internally
connected.
Regulator Output.
Error Flag (Output): Open collector output.
Active low indicates an output fault condition.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Parameter
Power Dissipation
Input Supply Voltage (Note 1)
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 5 sec )
Storage Temperature Range
EDS,
Note 3
Symbol
P
D
V
IN
T
LEAD
T
STG
Value
Internally limited
-20 to +20
260
-65 to +150
Unit
W
V
°C
°C
OPERATING RATINGS
Parameter
Supply Voltage
Enable Voltage
Operating junction Temperature Range
Thermal Resistance (TO-263-2 ,TO-220)
Maximum Power Dissipation,
Note 4
Symbol
V
IN
V
EN
T
J
q
JC
Value
+ 2.25 to +16
+16
-40 to +125
2.0
Unit
V
V
°C
°C/W
IN
O.V.
I
Limit
18V
FLAG*
OUT
+
-
1.18V
Ref.
1.24V
+
-
EN*
Thermal
Shut-down
GND
* GM66501 ONLY
GM66500 SERIES
3
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Power Management
MICROELECTRONICS
A
A
GM66500 SERIES
5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
T
J
+125°C; unless noted
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
T
J
= 25°C,
bold
values indicate -40°C
Parameter
Output Voltage
10mA
I
OUT
Conditions
I
O
= 10 mA
5A, V
OUT
+ 1.0V
Min
-1
V
IN
16V
-2
Typ
Max
1
2
Unit
%
%
%
%
Line Regulation
Load Regulation
Output Voltage change with
Temperature Coef.
Note 5
Dropout Voltage
Note 6
I
OUT
= 10mA,V
OUT
+ 1.0V
V
IN
16V
V
IN
= V
OUT
+ 1.0V,
10mA I
OUT
5A
DV
OUT
/
DT
DV
OUT
= -2% (Note 3)
I
OUT
= 250mA
I
OUT
= 2.5A
I
OUT
= 5A
I
OUT
= 2.5A, V
IN
= V
OUT
+ 0.8V
I
OUT
= 5A, V
IN
= V
OUT
+ 0.8V Charactize
V
IN
V
OUT(nominal)
-0.5V, I
OUT
=10mA
0.06
0.20
20
0.5
1.0
100
ppm/°C
125
320
400
15
70
2.1
7.5
260
250
575
mV
Ground Current
Note 7
Ground Pin Current at
Dropout I
GNDDO
Current Limit
Output Noise Voltage
Enable Input (GM66501)
mA
mA
A
µV
(rms)
V
OUT
= 0V,
V
IN
= V
OUT
+ 1.0V (Note 4)
C
OUT
= 47µF, l
OUT
= 100mA, 10Hz to 100kHz
Logic Low (off)
Enable Input Voltage
Logic high (on)
V
EN
= V
IN
V
EN
= 0.8V
Shutdown Output Current
Flag Output (GM66501)
2.25
30
0.8
V
V
Enable Input Current
35
75
2
4
µA
µA
µA
(Note 8)
10
Output Leakage Current
Output Low Voltage
Low Threshold
High Threshold
Hysteresis
V
OH
= 16V
V
IN
= 2.25V, I
OL
= 250µA (Note 9)
1% of V
OUT
1% of V
OUT
93
0.01
220
1
2
300
400
µA
mV
%
99.2
1
%
%
GM66500 SERIES
Note
Note
Note
Note
1.
Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device.
2.
The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating.
3.
Devices are ESD sensitive. Handing precautions recommended.
4.
P
D(max)
=(T
J(max)
-T
A
) ÷
q
JA
, where
q
JA
depends upon the printed circuit layout. See "Applications Information".
Note 5.
Output voltage temperature coefficient is
DV
OUT(worst case)
÷ (T
J(max)
- T
J(min)
) where T
J(max)
is +125°C and T
J(min)
is -40°C.
Note 6.
V
DO
=V
IN
-V
OUT
when V
OUT
decreases to 98% of its nominal output voltage with V
IN
=V
OUT
+1V. For voltages below 2.25V,
dropout voltage is the input-to-output voltage differential with the minimum input voltage being 2.25V. Minimum input
operating voltage is 2.25V.
Note 7.
I
GND
is the quiescent current. I
IN
= I
GND
+ I
OUT
Note 8.
V
EN
0.8V, V
IN
8V, and V
OUT
= 0V
Note 9.
For a 2.5V device, V
IN
= 2.25V(device is in dropout).
Note 10.Design
with proper heat sink to dissapate heat to keep chip from thermal protection when V
IN
-V
OUT
0.6V
4
Power Management
MICROELECTRONICS
A
A
GM66500 SERIES
5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
450
400
Dropout Voltage (mV)
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
0
V
OUT
= 2.5V
V
OUT
= 1.8V
Dropout Voltage (mV)
600
V
OUT
= 1.8V
500
400
300
200
100
I
LOAD
= 5A
0
-40 -20
Output Voltage (V)
2.8
2.6
2.4
2.2
2
1.8
1.6
0 20
40
60 80 100 120 140
1.4
3.0
1.8
1.4
1.6
Input Voltage(V)
2.4
2.2
2.6
2.8
3.4
3.2
3.6
2
I
LOAD
= 2.5A
I
LOAD
= 5A
I
LOAD
= 100mA
V
OUT
= 2.5V
Temperature (°C)
Output Current (mA)
Figure 1. Dropout Voltage vs. Output
Current
Figure 2. Dropout Voltage vs.
Temperature
Figure 3. Dropout Characteristics
180
160
Ground Current (mA)
Ground Current (mA)
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
Supply Voltage (V)
I
LOAD
= 2.5A
I
LOAD
= 2.0A
I
LOAD
= 5A
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-40 -20
0
20 40
60
80 100 120 140
V
OUT
= 1.8V
V
OUT
= 2.5V
Ground Current (mA)
I
LOAD
= 10mA
V
IN
= V
OUT
+ 1V
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
-40 -20
V
OUT
= 2.5V
V
OUT
= 1.8V
I
LOAD
= 2.5A
V
IN
= V
OUT
+ 1V
0
20 40
60 80 100 120 140
Temperature (°C)
Temperature (°C)
Figure 4. Ground Current
vs. Supply Voltage
Figure 5. Ground Current
vs. Temperature
Figure 6. Ground Current
vs. Temperature
80
70
Ground Current (mA)
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-40 -20
0
I
LOAD
= 5A
V
IN
= V
OUT
= 1V
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature (°C)
V
OUT
= 1.8V
V
OUT
= 2.5V
10
9
Short Circuit Current (A)
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-40 -20
0
V
IN
= V
OUT
+ 1V
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature (°C)
Typical 1.8V Device
Flag Voltage(V)
Typical 2.5V Device
6
5
4
3
2
1
Flag Low (Fault)
10000
0.001
0.01
0.1
10
1
100
1000
100000
0
Flag High (OK)
Figure 7. Ground Current
vs. Temperature
Figure 8. Short Circuit Current
vs. Temperature
Resistance (k )
Figure 9. Error Flag Pull-up
Resistor
GM66500 SERIES
5
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