silicon oscillators with a frequency error less than 0.09%.
For each oscillator, the user can select one of 8 frequen-
cies between 32.768kHz and 8.192MHz. Based on a fixed
master oscillator frequency, internal frequency dividers
between 1 and 128 provide the 8 different frequencies.
The LTC6930 requires no external components other than
power supply bypass capacitors. Requiring only a single
1.7V to 5.5V supply enables operation from a single Li-Ion
cell or 2 AA alkaline cells.
The LTC6930 features a proprietary control architecture
that allows for ultralow power operation while maintaining
industry leading accuracy and jitter specifications. The
exceptionally fast start-up time, combined with the low
power consumption, is ideal for battery operated applica-
tions with frequent power-up cycles.
Any frequency from 32.768kHz to 8.192MHz can be pro-
vided by the factory. Minimum order sizes apply for custom
frequencies. Please consult LTC Marketing for details.
L,
LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks and
ThinSOT is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property
of their respective owners. Protected by U.S. Patents, including 6342817, 6614313.
n
n
Frequency Error <0.09% Max at 25°C
Start-Up Time <110µs at All Frequencies
1.7V to 5.5V Single Supply Operation
105µA Typical Supply Current at 32kHz, V
+
= 3V
490µA Typical Supply Current at 8MHz, V
+
= 3V
Typical RMS Period Jitter <0.15% at V
+
= 3V
No External Components to Set Frequency
5 Options Cover 32.768kHz to 8.192MHz:
LTC6930-4.19: 4.194304MHz ÷ N
LTC6930-5.00: 5.000000MHz ÷ N
LTC6930-7.37: 7.372800MHz ÷ N
LTC6930-8.00: 8.000000MHz ÷ N
LTC6930-8.19: 8.192000MHz ÷ N
Where N = 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128
(N Determined by State of DIVA, DIVB, DIVC Pins)
–55°C to 125°C Operating Temperature Range
Tiny 2mm
3mm DFN or MS8 Package
applicaTions
n
n
n
n
Digitally Controlled Oscillator
Microprocessor Clock
Power Supply Clock
Portable and Battery Operated Devices
Typical applicaTion
4MHz Micropower Clock Generator
V
+
= 1.7V TO 5.5V
I
S
= 325µA AT 3V
DC
70
Typical Frequency Error Distribution
T
A
= 25°C
V
+
= 3V
60 DIV = 0
1045 UNITS
50
UNITS
40
30
20
0.1µF
V
+
V
+
4MHz
DIVA
OUT
LTC6930-8.00
DIVB
DIVC
GND
GND
10
0
–0.10
–0.05
0
0.05
FREQUENCY ERROR (%)
0.10
6930 TA01b
6930 TA01a
6930fe
For more information
www.linear.com/LTC6930
1
LTC6930-X.XX
absoluTe MaxiMuM raTings
(Note 1)
Total Supply Voltage
(V
+
to GND) ............................................. –0.3V to 6V
Any Input Pin to GND
(DIV Pins) ......................................–0.3V to V
+
+ 0.3V
Operating Temperature Range (Note 2)
LTC6930C ............................................ –40°C to 85°C
LTC6930I.............................................. –40°C to 85°C
LTC6930H .......................................... –40°C to 125°C
LT6930MP.......................................... –55°C to 125°C
Specified Temperature Range (Note 3)
LTC6930C ................................................ 0°C to 70°C
LTC6930I.............................................. –40°C to 85°C
LTC6930H .......................................... –40°C to 125°C
LT6930MP.......................................... –55°C to 125°C
Storage Temperature Range................... –65°C to 150°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) .................. 300°C
pin conFiguraTion
TOP VIEW
V
+
1
GND 2
DIVA 3
DIVB 4
9
8 V
+
7 OUT
6 GND
5 DIVC
TOP VIEW
V
+
GND
DIVA
DIVB
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
V
+
OUT
GND
DIVC
DCB PACKAGE
8-LEAD (2mm
×
3mm) PLASTIC DFN
T
JMAX
= 125°C,
θ
JA
= 64°C/W
EXPOSED PAD (PIN 9) MUST BE SOLDERED TO GND
MS8 PACKAGE
8-LEAD PLASTIC MSOP
T
JMAX
= 150°C,
θ
JA
= 300°C/W
(SINGLE-LAYER BOARD)
orDer inForMaTion
Lead Free Finish
TAPE AND REEL (MINI)
LTC6930CDCB-4.19#TRMPBF
LTC6930IDCB-4.19#TRMPBF
LTC6930HDCB-4.19#TRMPBF
LTC6930CDCB-5.00#TRMPBF
LTC6930IDCB-5.00#TRMPBF
LTC6930HDCB-5.00#TRMPBF
LTC6930CDCB-7.37#TRMPBF
LTC6930IDCB-7.37#TRMPBF
LTC6930HDCB-7.37#TRMPBF
LTC6930CDCB-8.00#TRMPBF
LTC6930IDCB-8.00#TRMPBF
LTC6930HDCB-8.00#TRMPBF
LTC6930CDCB-8.19#TRMPBF
LTC6930IDCB-8.19#TRMPBF
LTC6930HDCB-8.19#TRMPBF
TRM = 500 pieces.
TAPE AND REEL
LTC6930CDCB-4.19#TRPBF
LTC6930IDCB-4.19#TRPBF
LTC6930HDCB-4.19#TRPBF
LTC6930CDCB-5.00#TRPBF
LTC6930IDCB-5.00#TRPBF
LTC6930HDCB-5.00#TRPBF
LTC6930CDCB-7.37#TRPBF
LTC6930IDCB-7.37#TRPBF
LTC6930HDCB-7.37#TRPBF
LTC6930CDCB-8.00#TRPBF
LTC6930IDCB-8.00#TRPBF
LTC6930HDCB-8.00#TRPBF
LTC6930CDCB-8.19#TRPBF
LTC6930IDCB-8.19#TRPBF
LTC6930HDCB-8.19#TRPBF
PART MARKING*
LCKT
LCKT
LCKT
LCKV
LCKV
LCKV
LCKW
LCKW
LCKW
LCKX
LCKX
LCKX
LCKY
LCKY
LCKY
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
8-Lead (2mm
3mm) Plastic DFN
TEMPERATURE RANGE
0°C to 70°C
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
0°C to 70°C
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
0°C to 70°C
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
0°C to 70°C
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
0°C to 70°C
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
6930fe
2
For more information
www.linear.com/LTC6930
LTC6930-X.XX
orDer inForMaTion
LEAD FREE FINISH
LTC6930CMS8-4.19#PBF
LTC6930IMS8-4.19#PBF
LTC6930HMS8-4.19#PBF
LTC6930MPMS8-4.19#PBF
LTC6930CMS8-5.00#PBF
LTC6930IMS8-5.00#PBF
LTC6930HMS8-5.00#PBF
LTC6930MPMS8-5.00#PBF
LTC6930CMS8-7.37#PBF
LTC6930IMS8-7.37#PBF
LTC6930HMS8-7.37#PBF
LTC6930MPMS8-7.37#PBF
LTC6930CMS8-8.00#PBF
LTC6930IMS8-8.00#PBF
LTC6930HMS8-8.00#PBF
LTC6930MPMS8-8.00#PBF
LTC6930CMS8-8.19#PBF
LTC6930IMS8-8.19#PBF
LTC6930HMS8-8.19#PBF
LTC6930MPMS8-8.19#PBF
TAPE AND REEL
LTC6930CMS8-4.19#TRPBF
LTC6930IMS8-4.19#TRPBF
LTC6930HMS8-4.19#TRPBF
LTC6930MPMS8-4.19#TRPBF
LTC6930CMS8-5.00#TRPBF
LTC6930IMS8-5.00#TRPBF
LTC6930HMS8-5.00#TRPBF
LTC6930MPMS8-5.00#TRPBF
LTC6930CMS8-7.37#TRPBF
LTC6930IMS8-7.37#TRPBF
LTC6930HMS8-7.37#TRPBF
LTC6930MPMS8-7.37#TRPBF
LTC6930CMS8-8.00#TRPBF
LTC6930IMS8-8.00#TRPBF
LTC6930HMS8-8.00#TRPBF
LTC6930MPMS8-8.00#TRPBF
LTC6930CMS8-8.19#TRPBF
LTC6930IMS8-8.19#TRPBF
LTC6930HMS8-8.19#TRPBF
LTC6930MPMS8-8.19#TRPBF
PART MARKING* PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
LTCKZ
LTCKZ
LTCKZ
LTCKZ
LTCLB
LTCLB
LTCLB
LTCLB
LTCLC
LTCLC
LTCLC
LTCLC
LTCLD
LTCLD
LTCLD
LTCLD
LTCLF
LTCLF
LTCLF
LTCLF
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
8-Lead Plastic MSOP
TEMPERATURE RANGE
0°C to 70°C
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
–55°C to 125°C
0°C to 70°C
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
–55°C to 125°C
0°C to 70°C
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
–55°C to 125°C
0°C to 70°C
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
–55°C to 125°C
0°C to 70°C
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
–55°C to 125°C
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.*Temperature grades are identified by a label on the shipping container.
Consult LTC Marketing for information on lead based finish parts.
For more information on lead free part marking, go to:
http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to:
http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/
ac elecTrical characTerisTics
SYMBOL
Δfi
Δf
PARAMETER
Initial Frequency Accuracy
Frequency Accuracy
(Note 4)
CONDITIONS
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply over the full range of
operating supply voltage and frequency output: V
+
= 1.7V to 5.5V and all DIV settings with C
LOAD
= 5pF R
LOAD
= ∞.
,
MIN
TYP
0.08
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
MAX
0.09
±0.45
±0.65
±1
±0.52
±0.65
±1.1
±0.8
±0.95
±1.3
UNITS
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%/°C
%/°C
%/V
ppm/√kHr
6930fe
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, T
A
= 25°C, V
+
= 3V
V
+
= 3V – 3.6V
LTC6930C
LTC6930I
LTC6930H/LTC6930MP
V
+
= 2V – 3.6V
LTC6930C
LTC6930I
LTC6930H/LTC6930MP
V
+
= 1.7V – 5.5V
LTC6930C
LTC6930I
LTC6930H/LTC6930MP
±0.1
±0.1
±0.1
±0.1
±0.1
±0.1
±0.1
±0.1
±0.1
0.0001
0.001
0.07
30
Δf/ΔT
Δf/ΔV
Frequency Drift Over Temperature
Frequency Drift Over Supply
Long-Term Frequency Stability
MS8 Package
DCB Package
(Note 5)
l
For more information
www.linear.com/LTC6930
3
LTC6930-X.XX
ac elecTrical characTerisTics
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
RMS Period Jitter
CONDITIONS
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 3V
LTC6930-4.19 (4.194304MHz)
LTC6930-5.00 (5.000000MHz)
LTC6930-7.37 (7.372800MHz)
LTC6930-8.00 (8.000000MHz)
LTC6930-8.19 (8.192000MHz)
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply over the full range of
operating supply voltage and frequency output: V
+
= 1.7V to 5.5V and all DIV settings with C
LOAD
= 5pF R
LOAD
= ∞.
,
MIN
TYP
320
1.7
225
1.2
180
0.97
130
0.8
130
0.8
MAX
UNITS
ps RMS
ns
P-P
ps RMS
ns
P-P
ps RMS
ns
P-P
ps RMS
ns
P-P
ps RMS
ns
P-P
Dc elecTrical characTerisTics
SYMBOL
V
S
I
S,DC
PARAMETER
Supply Voltage Applied Between
V
+
and GND
V
+
Combined Supply Current
CONDITIONS
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply over the full range of
operating supply voltage and frequency output: V
+
= 1.7V to 5.5V and all DIV settings with C
LOAD
= 5pF R
LOAD
= ∞.
,
l
MIN
1.7
TYP
MAX
5.5
290
420
750
160
190
355
430
570
960
176
212
375
480
660
1310
220
273
440
520
740
1380
240
295
475
490
760
1400
270
325
540
1.4
UNITS
V
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
V
6930fe
LTC6930-4.19
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 3V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 5.5V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 3V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 5.5V
LTC6930-5.00
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 3V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 5.5V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 3V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 5.5V
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
170
260
490
80
105
130
201
307
579
95
124
154
296
453
853
139
183
226
321
491
926
151
198
246
310
500
880
150
190
210
1.25
I
S,DC
V
+
Combined Supply Current
LTC6930-7.37
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 3V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 5.5V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 3V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 5.5V
LTC6930-8.00
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 3V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 5.5V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 3V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 5.5V
LTC6930-8.19
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 3V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, V
+
= 5.5V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 3V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 1, V
+
= 5.5V
V
IH
Minimum High Level Input Voltage,
All Digital Input Pins
4
For more information
www.linear.com/LTC6930
LTC6930-X.XX
Dc elecTrical characTerisTics
SYMBOL
V
IL
I
IN
R
OUT
V
OH
PARAMETER
Maximum Low Level Input Voltage,
All Digital Input Pins
Digital Input Leakage Current, All
Digital Input Pins
Output Resistance
High Level Output Voltage
CONDITIONS
l
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply over the full range of
operating supply voltage and frequency output: V
+
= 1.7V to 5.5V and all DIV settings with C
LOAD
= 5pF R
LOAD
= ∞.
,
MIN
0.7
TYP
1.25
MAX
UNITS
V
µA
Ω
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.7
0.5
0.35
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
0 < V
IN
< V
+
OUT Pin, V
+
= 3V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, No Load
V
+
= 5.5V
V
+
= 3V
V
+
= 2V
V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, 1kΩ Load to GND
V
+
= 5.5V
V
+
= 3V
V
+
= 2V
V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, No Load
V
+
= 5.5V
V
+
= 3V
V
+
= 2V
V
+
= 1.7V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0, 1kΩ Load to V
+
V
+
= 5.5V
V
+
= 3V
V
+
= 2V
V
+
= 1.7V
l
±1
40
l
l
l
5.4
2.9
1.8
5
2.6
1.5
5.5
3
2
1.7
5.2
2.7
1.6
1.5
0
0
0
0
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
l
l
l
V
OL
Low Level Output Voltage
l
l
l
l
l
l
TiMing characTerisTics
SYMBOL
t
rf
DCY
PARAMETER
Duty Cycle
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature
range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply over the full range of operating supply
voltage and frequency output: V
+
= 1.7V to 5.5V and f
OUT
= 32.768kHz to 8.192MHz with C
LOAD
= 5pF R
LOAD
= ∞.
,
CONDITIONS
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0; V
+
= 2V to 5.5V
DIVA = DIVB = DIVC = 0
DIVA or DIVB or DIVC ≠ 0
Edge of DIV Signal to 1st Accurate Output Cycle
V
+
> 1.7V to 1st Accurate Output Cycle
l
l
l
l
MIN
35
35
48
TYP
3
50
50
50
1
MAX
65
70
52
110
UNITS
ns
%
%
%
Cycle
µs
Output Rise/Fall Time (10% to 90%) V
+
= 3V
D
DIV
D
PON
DIV to OUT Delay
Power On Delay
Note 1:
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute
Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device
reliability and lifetime.
Note 2:
LTC6930C is guaranteed functional over the operating range of
–40°C to 85°C.
Note 3:
The LTC6930C is guaranteed to meet specified performance from
0°C to 70°C. The LTC6930C is designed, characterized and expected to
meet specified performance from –40°C to 85°C but is not tested or QA
sampled at these temperatures. The LTC6930I is guaranteed to meet
specified performance from –40°C to 85°C. The LTC6930H is guaranteed
to meet specified performance from –40°C to 125°C. The LTC6930MP is
guaranteed to meet specified performance from –55°C to 125°C.
Note 4:
Frequency accuracy and frequency drift are defined as deviation
from the nominal frequency or the nominal frequency divided by the
integer set through the DIV pins for each part. The nominal frequency for
the LTC6930 family of parts are defined as follows:
LTC6930-4.19
f
NOM
= 4.194304MHz
LTC6930-5.00
f
NOM
= 5.000000MHz
LTC6930-7.37
f
NOM
= 7.372800MHz
LTC6930-8.00
f
NOM
= 8.000000MHz
LTC6930-8.19
f
NOM
= 8.192000MHz
Note 5:
Long-term drift of silicon oscillators is primarily due to the
movement of ions and impurities within the silicon and is tested at 30°C
under otherwise nominal operating conditions. Long-term drift is specified
as ppm/√kHr due to the typically non-linear nature of the drift. To calculate
drift for a set time period, translate that time into thousands of hours,
take the square root and multiply by the typical drift number. For instance,
a year is 8.77kHr and would yield a drift of 89ppm at 30ppm/√kHr. Drift
without power applied to the device may be approximated as 1/10th of the
drift with power, or 3ppm/√kHr for a 30ppm/√kHr device.
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Banner Postiion End Recently, high-speed wireless broadband service provider Clearwire announced a series of transactions with Intel and Motorola, including Clearwire's $900 million in financing, incl...
Last time I got an adjustable power supply PCB board, but I never had time to solder it. Now I have time. I have a few questions: 1. How big should C1 and C8 be, and how high should their withstand vo...
I want to send good to the MCU through the serial debugging assistant, and then the MCU replies OK. The program in U0C0.c is as follows: Sending good can indeed reply OK, but sending g also replies OK...
As far as the 51 series is concerned, the voltage of the microcontroller is divided into 3.3V and 5V. The allowable voltage values of each IO port when inputting and outputting high and low levels can...
This article discusses how to wake up a touch-sensitive device such as a tablet without touching the device, using basic gesture recognition and novel proximity sensors. The article discusses the p...[Details]
In recent years, lighting has become an important area that countries around the world are targeting to promote energy conservation and environmental protection. According to statistics, about 20% ...[Details]
Images in science fiction movies often break through the limits of reality, such as in the movie "Minority Report." Tom Cruise uses a multi-touch screen to browse information. Capacitive sensing te...[Details]
Editor's note: In order to help technicians or engineers who have knowledge of PIC microcontroller assembly language quickly master the method of using C language to program PIC microcontrollers, t...[Details]
1. What is temperature?
Heat is a type of molecular motion. The hotter an object is, the faster its molecules move. Absolute zero is defined as the temperature at which all molecular motion ...[Details]
Xiaomi, a well-known Internet phone in mainland China, won a million-unit order contract from China Unicom on November 20 last year, which made Xiaomi famous in mainland China. In April this year...[Details]
Problems such as the depletion of natural resources, air pollution, traffic congestion, and rising fossil fuel prices have forced societies and individuals to seek alternative means of transportati...[Details]
With concerns about the growing energy crisis, motor efficiency has become an important and timely topic. This is because motors use 63% to 70% of the electricity produced in the United States and ...[Details]
Motors, especially those with brushes, generate a lot of noise. This noise must be dealt with if the appliance is to meet the requirements of EMC standards. The means to solve EMC are nothing more ...[Details]
Abstract: The output of high-range acceleration sensor is less than 10 mV under the excitation of small signal. The noise of traditional test system may cover such small voltage signal, so that hig...[Details]
At present, a large number of cooling tower fans, speed fans and special fans are in use in petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical, metallurgical and other enterprises. Some fans have no monitoring in...[Details]
LED is the abbreviation of the English word. Its main meanings are: LED = Light Emitting Diode, a solid-state semiconductor device that can convert electrical energy into visible light. It can dire...[Details]
1 Development of LED Film and Television Lighting
1.1 The significance of developing film and television lighting
Lighting power consumption accounts for a large proportion of the total p...[Details]
Mobile phones, MP3s, tablet computers, laptops, digital cameras, handheld game consoles, navigation devices, etc., all these mobile devices are powered by mobile batteries, and the battery life is ...[Details]
The power consumption of a switching power supply includes fixed losses caused by parasitic resistances such as semiconductor switches, magnetic components, and wiring, as well as switching losses ...[Details]
DSP and ARM Processors
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