ST25R3911B
High performance HF reader / NFC initiator
with 1.4 W supporting VHBR and AAT
Datasheet
-
production data
Description
The ST25R3911B is a highly integrated NFC
Initiator / HF Reader IC, including the analog front
end (AFE) and a highly integrated data framing
system for ISO 18092 (NFCIP-1) initiator, ISO
18092 (NFCIP-1) active target, ISO 14443A and
B reader (including high bit rates), ISO 15693
reader and FeliCa™ reader. Implementation of
other standard and custom protocols like
MIFARE™ Classic is possible using the AFE and
implementing framing in the external
microcontroller (Stream and Transparent modes).
The ST25R3911B is positioned perfectly for the
infrastructure side of the NFC system, where
users need optimal RF performance and flexibility
combined with low power.
Thanks to automatic antenna tuning (AAT)
technology, the device is optimized for
applications with directly driven antennas. The
ST25R3911B is alone in the domain of HF reader
ICs as it contains two differential low impedance
(1 Ohm) antenna drivers.
The ST25R3911B includes several features that
make it very suited for low power applications. It
contains a low power capacitive sensor that can
be used to detect the presence of a card without
switching on the reader field. The presence of a
card can also be detected by performing a
measurement of amplitude or phase of signal on
antenna LC tank, and comparing it to the stored
reference. It also contains a low power RC
oscillator and wake-up timer that can be used to
wake up the system after a defined time period,
and to check for the presence of a tag using one
or more low power detection techniques
(capacitive, phase or amplitude).
The ST25R3911B is designed to operate from a
wide (2.4 V to 5.5 V) power supply range;
peripheral interface IO pins support power supply
range from 1.65 V to 5.5 V.
QFN32
Wafer
Features
•
ISO 18092 (NFCIP-1) Active P2P
•
ISO14443A, ISO14443B, ISO15693 and
FeliCa™
•
Supports VHBR (3.4 Mbit/s PICC to PCD
framing, 6.8 Mbit/s AFE and PCD to PICC
framing)
•
Capacitive sensing - Wake-up
•
Automatic antenna tuning system providing
tuning of antenna LC tank
•
Automatic modulation index adjustment
•
AM and PM (I/Q) demodulator channels with
automatic selection
•
DPO (Dynamic Power Output)
•
Up to 1.4 W in case of differential output
•
User selectable and automatic gain control
•
Transparent and Stream modes to implement
MIFARE™ Classic compliant or other custom
protocols
•
Possibility of driving two antennas in single
ended mode
•
Oscillator input capable of operating with 13.56
MHz or 27.12 MHz crystal with fast start-up
•
6 Mbit/s SPI with 96 bytes FIFO
•
Wide supply voltage range from 2.4 V to 5.5 V
•
Wide temperature range: -40 °C to 125 °C
•
QFN32, 5 mm x 5 mm package
February 2018
This is information on a product in full production.
DS11793 Rev 4
1/131
www.st.com
Contents
ST25R3911B
Contents
1
Functional overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.1
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.1.4
1.1.5
1.1.6
1.1.7
1.1.8
1.1.9
1.1.10
1.1.11
1.1.12
1.1.13
1.1.14
Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Phase and amplitude detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
A/D converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Capacitive sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
External field detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Quartz crystal oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Power supply regulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
POR and Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
RC oscillator and Wake-Up timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
ISO-14443 and NFCIP-1 framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Control logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
SPI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Operating modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Capacitive sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Wake-Up mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Quartz crystal oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
A/D converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Phase and amplitude detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
External field detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Power supply system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Communication with an external microcontroller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Direct commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Start timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Test access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Power-up sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Reader operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
1.2
Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2.1
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.4
1.2.5
1.2.6
1.2.7
1.2.8
1.2.9
1.2.10
1.2.11
1.2.12
1.2.13
1.2.14
1.2.15
1.2.16
1.2.17
2/131
DS11793 Rev 4
ST25R3911B
1.2.18
1.2.19
1.2.20
1.2.21
1.2.22
Contents
FeliCa™ reader mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
NFCIP-1 operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
AM modulation depth: definition and calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Antenna tuning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Stream mode and Transparent mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
IO Configuration Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
IO Configuration Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Operation Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Mode Definition Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Bit Rate Definition Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
ISO14443A and NFC 106kb/s Settings Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
ISO14443B Settings Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
ISO14443B and FeliCa Settings Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Stream Mode Definition Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Auxiliary Definition Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Receiver Configuration Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Receiver Configuration Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Receiver Configuration Register 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Receiver Configuration Register 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Mask Receive Timer Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
No-Response Timer Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
No-Response Timer Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
General Purpose and No-Response Timer Control Register . . . . . . . . . 91
General Purpose Timer Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
General Purpose Timer Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Mask Main Interrupt Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Mask Timer and NFC Interrupt Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Mask Error and Wake-Up Interrupt Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Main Interrupt Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Timer and NFC Interrupt Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Error and Wake-Up Interrupt Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
FIFO Status Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
FIFO Status Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Collision Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Number of Transmitted Bytes Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Number of Transmitted Bytes Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
1.3
Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
1.3.5
1.3.6
1.3.7
1.3.8
1.3.9
1.3.10
1.3.11
1.3.12
1.3.13
1.3.14
1.3.15
1.3.16
1.3.17
1.3.18
1.3.19
1.3.20
1.3.21
1.3.22
1.3.23
1.3.24
1.3.25
1.3.26
1.3.27
1.3.28
1.3.29
1.3.30
1.3.31
DS11793 Rev 4
3/131
5
Contents
1.3.32
1.3.33
1.3.34
1.3.35
1.3.36
1.3.37
1.3.38
1.3.39
1.3.40
1.3.41
1.3.42
1.3.43
1.3.44
1.3.45
1.3.46
1.3.47
1.3.48
1.3.49
1.3.50
1.3.51
1.3.52
1.3.53
1.3.54
1.3.55
1.3.56
1.3.57
1.3.58
1.3.59
1.3.60
1.3.61
1.3.62
ST25R3911B
NFCIP Bit Rate Detection Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
A/D Converter Output Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Antenna Calibration Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Antenna Calibration Target Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Antenna Calibration Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
AM Modulation Depth Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
AM Modulation Depth Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
RFO AM Modulated Level Definition Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
RFO Normal Level Definition Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
External Field Detector Threshold Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Regulator Voltage Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Regulator and Timer Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
RSSI Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Gain Reduction State Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Capacitive Sensor Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Capacitive Sensor Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Auxiliary Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Wake-Up Timer Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Amplitude Measurement Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Amplitude Measurement Reference Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Amplitude Measurement Auto-Averaging Display Register . . . . . . . . . 112
Amplitude Measurement Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Phase Measurement Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Phase Measurement Reference Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Phase Measurement Auto-Averaging Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Phase Measurement Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Capacitance Measurement Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Capacitance Measurement Reference Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Capacitance Measurement Auto-Averaging Display Register . . . . . . . 116
Capacitance Measurement Display Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
IC Identity Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
2
3
Pinouts and pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
3.1
3.2
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
4/131
DS11793 Rev 4
ST25R3911B
Contents
3.3
DC/AC characteristics for digital inputs and outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
3.3.1
3.3.2
CMOS inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
CMOS outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
3.4
3.5
Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Typical operating characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
3.5.1
Thermal resistance and maximum power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
4
Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
4.1
QFN32 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
5
6
Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
DS11793 Rev 4
5/131
5