A
PPLICATION
N
OTES AND
D
EVELOPMENT
S
YSTEM
A V A I L A B L E
AN10
X84041
• AN17 • AN57 • XK84
4K
X84041
Micro Port Saver E
2
PROM
MPS
™
E
2
PROM
FEATURES
• Direct Interface to Micros
—Eliminates I/O port requirements
—No interface glue logic required
—Eliminates need for parallel to serial converters
• 3.3Mbps data transfer rate
• Low Power CMOS
—2.7V to 5.5V Operation
—Standby Current Less than 50
µ
A
—Active Current Less than 1mA
• 45ns Read Access Time
• 8-Byte Page Write Mode
• Typical Nonvolatile Write Cycle Time: 5ms
• High Reliability
—100,000 Endurance Cycles
—Guaranteed Data Retention: 100 Years
• 8-Lead PDIP, 8-Lead SOIC, and
14-Lead TSSOP Packages
DESCRIPTION
The X84041 Micro Port Saver is a 4096-bit CMOS
E
2
PROM designed for a direct interface to port limited
microcontroller or I/O limited microprocessor designs.
The X84041 provides all of the benefits of serial memo-
ries, such as low cost, low power, low voltage operation,
and small package size, while featuring higher data
transfer rates and reduced interface code requirements—
without the need for a dedicated serial bus. The X84041
is organized as a 512 x 8, but is also suitable in 16-bit or
32-bit environments, due to the bit serial nature of the
interface.
The X84041 directly connects to the processor bus and
communicates over a single data line using a sequence
of standard bus read and write operations. This elimi-
nates the need for dedicated port pins, parallel to serial
converters, complicated ASIC implementations, or other
glue logic, lowering system cost.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
WP
8
7
X84041
6
5
VCC
NC
OE
WE
2704 ILL F01.2
PIN CONFIGURATION
DIP/SOIC
CE
I/O
WP
VSS
1
2
3
4
H.V. GENERATION
TIMING & CONTROL
CE
OE
WE
I/O
COMMAND
DECODE
AND
CONTROL
LOGIC
X
DEC
EEPROM
ARRAY
512 x 8
TSSOP
CE
I/O
NC
NC
NC
WP
V
SS
1
2
3
5
6
7
14
13
12
10
9
8
V
CC
NC
NC
NC
NC
OE
WE
2704 ILL F02a.1
Y DECODE
DATA REGISTER
2704 ILL F02
4
X84041
11
PIN NAMES
I/O
CE
OE
WE
WP
V
CC
V
SS
NC
Data Input/Output
Chip Enable Input
Output Enable Input
Write Enable Input
Write Protect Input
Supply Voltage
Ground
No Connect
2704 PGM T01
© Xicor, Inc. 1994, 1995, 1996 Patents Pending
2704-4.4 6/12/96 T3/C1/D0 NS
1
Characteristics subject to change without notice
X84041
A Write Protect (WP) pin provides hardware protection
against inadvertent writes to the memory.
Xicor E
2
PROMs are designed and tested for applica-
tions requiring extended endurance. Inherent data re-
tention is greater than 100 years.
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
Chip Enable (CE)
The Chip Enable input must be LOW to enable all read/
write operations. When
CE
is HIGH, the chip is dese-
lected, the I/O pin is in the high impedance state, and
unless a nonvolatile write operation is underway, the
X84041 is in the standby power mode.
Output Enable (OE)
The Output Enable input must be LOW to enable the
output buffer and to read data from the X84041 on the
I/O line.
Write Enable (WE)
The Write Enable input must be LOW to write either data
or command sequences to the X84041.
Data In/Data Out (I/O)
Data and command sequences are serially written to or
serially read from the X84041 through the I/O pin.
Write Protect (WP)
When the Write Protect input is LOW, nonvolatile writes
to the X84041 are disabled. When
WP
is HIGH, all
functions, including nonvolatile writes, operate normally.
If a nonvolatile write cycle is in progress,
WP
going LOW
will have no effect on the cycle already underway, but
will inhibit any additional nonvolatile write cycles.
DEVICE OPERATION
The X84041 is a serial 512 x 8 bit E
2
PROM designed to
interface directly with most microprocessor buses. Stan-
dard
CE, OE,
and
WE
signals control the read and write
operations, and a single l/O line is used to send and
receive data and commands serially.
Data Timing
Data input on the l/O line is latched on the rising edge of
either
WE
or
CE,
whichever occurs first. Data output on
the l/O line is active whenever both
OE
and
CE
are LOW.
Care should be taken to ensure that
WE
and
OE
are
never both LOW while
CE
is LOW.
Read Sequence
A read sequence consists of sending a 16-bit address
followed by the reading of data serially. The address is
written by issuing 16 separate write cycles (WE and
CE
LOW,
OE
HIGH) to the part without a read cycle be-
tween the write cycles. The address is sent serially, most
significant bit first, over the I/O line. Note that this
sequence is fully static, with no special timing restric-
tions, and the processor is free to perform other tasks on
the bus whenever the X84041
CE
pin is HIGH. Once the
16 address bits are sent, a byte of data can be read on
the I/O line by issuing 8 separate read cycles (OE and
CE
LOW,
WE
HIGH). At this point, issuing a reset
sequence will terminate the read sequence, otherwise
the X84041 will await further reads in the sequential
read mode.
Sequential Read
The byte address is automatically incremented to the
next higher address after each byte of data is read. The
data stored in the memory at the next address can be
read sequentially by continuing to issue read cycles.
When the highest address is reached ($1FF), the ad-
dress counter rolls over to address $000 and reading
may be continued indefinitely.
Reset Sequence
The reset sequence resets the X84041 and sets an
internal write enable latch. A reset sequence can be sent
at any time by performing a read/write “0”/read se-
quence (see Figs. 1 and 2). This sequence breaks the
multiple read or write cycle sequences that are normally
used when reading from or writing to the part. This
sequence can be used at any time to interrupt or end a
sequential read or page load. As soon as the write “0”
cycle is complete, the part is reset (unless a nonvolatile
write cycle is in progress). The second read cycle in this
sequence, and any further read cycles, will read a HIGH
on the l/O pin until a valid read sequence is issued. The
reset sequence must be issued at the beginning of both
read and write sequences to be sure the X84041
initiates these operations properly.
2
X84041
Figure 1. Read Sequence
CE
OE
WE
I/O (IN)
"0"
X
X X X X X
X A8
A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
I/O (OUT)
RESET
LOAD ADDRESS
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
READ DATA
2704 ILL F03
Write Sequence
A nonvolatile write sequence consists of sending a reset
sequence, a 16-bit address (the first 7 of which are don’t
cares), up to 8 bytes of data, and then a special “start
nonvolatile write cycle” command sequence. The reset
sequence is issued first (as described in the Reset
Sequence section) to set the internal write enable latch.
The address is written serially by issuing 16 separate
write cycles (WE and
CE
LOW,
OE
HIGH) to the part
without any read cycles between the writes. The ad-
dress is sent serially, most significant bit first, on the l/O
pin. Up to eight bytes of data are written by issuing either
8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, or 64 separate write cycles.
Again, no read cycles are allowed between writes. The
nonvolatile write cycle is initiated by issuing a special
read/write “1”/read sequence. The first read cycle ends
the page load, then the write “1” followed by a read starts
the nonvolatile write cycle. The X84041 recognizes 8-
byte pages beginning at addresses XXXXXX000. When
sending data to the part, attempts to exceed the upper
address of the page will result in the address counter
“wrapping-around” to the first address on the page,
where data loading can continue. For this reason, send-
ing more than 64 consecutive data bits will result in
overwriting previous data. A nonvolatile write cycle will
not start if a partial or incomplete write sequence is
issued. The internal write enable latch is reset when the
nonvolatile write cycle is completed to prevent inadvert-
ent writes. Note that this sequence is fully static, with no
special timing restrictions. The processor is free to
perform other tasks on the bus whenever the chip
enable pin (CE) is HIGH.
Nonvolatile Write Status
The status of a nonvolatile write cycle can be determined
at any time by simply reading the state of the l/O pin on
the X84041. This pin is read when
OE
and
CE
are LOW
and
WE
is HIGH. During a nonvolatile write cycle the l/
O pin is LOW. When the nonvolatile write cycle is
complete, the l/O pin goes HIGH. A reset sequence can
also be issued during a nonvolatile write cycle with the
same result: I/O is LOW as long as a nonvolatile write
cycle is in progress, and l/O is HIGH when the nonvola-
tile write cycle is done.
3
X84041
Figure 2. Write Sequence
CE
OE
WE
I/O (IN)
"0"
X
X X X X X
X A8
A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
"1"
"0"
I/O (OUT)
RESET
LOAD ADDRESS
LOAD DATA
START
NONVOLATILE
WRITE
2704 ILL F04
Write Protection
The following circuitry has been included to prevent
inadvertent nonvolatile writes:
— The internal Write Enable latch is reset upon
power-up.
— A reset sequence must be issued to set the internal
write enable latch before starting a write sequence.
— A special “start nonvolatile write” command
sequence is required to start a nonvolatile write
cycle.
— The internal Write Enable latch is reset automatically
at the end of a nonvolatile write cycle.
— The internal Write Enable latch is reset and remains
reset as long as the
WP
pin is LOW, which blocks all
nonvolatile write cycles.
SYMBOL TABLE
WAVEFORM
INPUTS
Must be
steady
May change
from LOW to
HIGH
May change
from HIGH to
LOW
Don’t Care:
Changes
Allowed
N/A
OUTPUTS
Will be
steady
Will change
from LOW to
HIGH
Will change
from HIGH to
LOW
Changing:
State Not
Known
Center Line
is High
Impedance
4
X84041
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
Temperature under Bias .................. –65°C to +135°C
Storage Temperature ....................... –65°C to +150°C
Terminal Voltage with
Respect to V
SS .......................................
–1V to +7V
DC Output Current ............................................... 5mA
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 seconds) ...... 300°C
*COMMENT
Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum
Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device.
This is a stress rating only and the functional operation
of the device at these or any other conditions above
those indicated in the operational sections of this speci-
fication is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum
rating conditions for extended periods may affect device
reliability.
Supply Voltage
X84041
X84041 – 3
X84041 – 2.7
†
† Contact factory for availability.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Temperature
Commercial
Industrial
Min.
0°C
–40°C
Max.
+70°C
+85°C
2704 PGM T02.2
Limits
5V
±10%
3V
±10%
2.7V to 5.5V
2704 PGM T03.2
D.C. OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (V
CC
= 5V
±
10%)
(Over the recommended operating conditions, unless otherwise specified.)
Limits
Symbol
I
CC1
I
CC2
I
SB
I
LI
I
LO
V
lL
(1)
V
IH
(1)
V
OL
V
OH
Parameter
V
CC
Supply Current (Read)
V
CC
Supply Current (Write)
V
CC
Standby Current
Input Leakage Current
Output Leakage Current
Input LOW Voltage
Input HIGH Voltage
Output LOW Voltage
Output HIGH Voltage
Min.
Max.
1
3
50
10
10
V
CC
x 0.3
V
CC
+ 0.5
0.4
Units
mA
mA
µA
µA
µA
V
V
V
V
Test Conditions
OE
= V
IL
,
WE
= V
IH
,
I/O = Open,
CE
clocking @ 2MHz
I
CC
During Nonvolatile Write Cycle
All Inputs at CMOS Levels
CE
= V
CC
, Other Inputs = V
CC
or V
SS
V
CC
= 5V
±10%
V
IN
= V
SS
to V
CC
V
OUT
= V
SS
to V
CC
–1
V
CC
x 0.7
V
CC
– 0.8
I
OL
= 2.1mA, V
CC
= 5V
±10%
I
OH
= –1mA, V
CC
= 5V
±10%
2704 PGM T04.3
Notes:
(1) V
IL
min. and V
IH
max. are for reference only and are not tested.
5
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