A3935
3-Phase Power MOSFET Controller for Automotive Applications
Features and Benefits
Drives wide range of N-channel MOSFETs in 3-phase bridges
PFM boost converter for use with low-voltage battery supplies
Internal LDO regulator for gate-driver supply
Bootstrap circuits for high-side gate drivers
Current monitor output
Adjustable battery overvoltage detection
Diagnostic outputs
Motor lead short-to-battery, short-to-ground, and bridge-
open protection
▪
Undervoltage protection
▪
–40°C to 150°C T
J
operation
▪
Thermal shutdown
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Description
The A3935 is designed specifically for automotive applications
that require high-power motors. Each provides six high-current
gate drive outputs capable of driving a wide range of N-channel
power MOSFETs.
A requirement of automotive systems is steady operation over
a varying battery input range. The A3935 integrates a pulse-
frequency modulated boost converter to create a constant
supply voltage for driving the external MOSFETs. Bootstrap
capacitors are utilized to provide the above battery supply
voltage required for N-channel FETs.
Direct control of each gate output is possible via six TTL-
compatible inputs. A differential amplifier is integrated to
allow accurate measurement of the current in the three-phase
bridge.
Diagnostic outputs can be continuously monitored to protect
the driver from short-to-battery, short-to-supply, bridge-open,
and battery under/overvoltage conditions. Additional protection
features include dead-time, VDD undervoltage, and thermal
shutdown.
The A3935 is supplied in a 36-lead 0.8 mm pitch QSOP (package
LQ, similar to SOICW). The lead (Pb) free variants (suffix –T )
have 100% matte tin leadframe plating.
Package 36-pin QSOP (LQ):
Approximate scale 1:1
Typical Application
26301.102J
A3935
3-Phase Power MOSFET Controller for Automotive Applications
Selection Guide
Part Number
A3935KLQTR
1
A3935KLQTR-T
2
1
Variant
2
Variant
Pb-free
–
Yes
Packing
1500 pieces/reel
Terminals
36
Package
QSOP (similar to
SOICW) surface mount
has been determined to be obsolete and is no longer in production. Status change: October 31, 2011.
is in production but has been determined to be NOT FOR NEW DESIGN. This classification indicates that
sale of the variant is currently restricted to existing customer applications. The variant should not be purchased for
new design applications because obsolescence in the near future is probable. Samples are no longer available.
Status change: October 31, 2011.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Symbol
V
BAT
Load Supply Voltage
V
DRAIN
V
BOOST
V
BOOSTD
V
GHx
Output Voltage Range
V
Sx
V
GLx
V
Cx
Sense Circuit Voltage
Logic Supply Voltage
V
CSx
V
LSS
V
DD
V
OVSET
V
BOOSTS
Logic Input/Output
V
CSOUT
V
DSTH
ESD Rating – Human Body Model
ESD Rating – Charged Device Model
Operating Temperature
Junction Temperature*
Storage Temperature Range
T
A
T
J(max)
T
stg
VBAT pin
VDRAIN pin
VBOOST pin
VBOOSTD pin
GHA, GHB, and GHC pins
SA, SB, and SC pins
GLA, GLB, and GLC pins
CA, CB, and CC pins
CSN and CSP pins
LSS pin
VDD pin
OVSET pin
BOOSTS pin
CSOUT pin
VDSTH pin
remaining logic pins
AEC-Q100-002; all pins
AEC-Q100-011; all pins
Range K
Fault conditions that produce excessive junction temperature
will activate device thermal shutdown circuitry. These condi-
tions can be tolerated, but should be avoided.
2.5
1050
–40 to 135
150
–55 to 150
kV
V
°C
°C
°C
–0.3 to 6.5
V
–4 to 55
–4 to 40
–4 to 16
–0.6 to 55
–4 to 6.5
V
V
V
V
V
–0.6 to 40
V
Conditions
Rating
Units
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
2
A3935
3-Phase Power MOSFET Controller for Automotive Applications
Functional Block Diagram
VBAT
BOOSTD
BOOSTS
VBOOST
VDRAIN
(KELVIN)
VREG
VBAT
Low Drop
Out
Linear
Regulator
VIGN
Motor
Supply
Voltage
OS
(off)
REFi
REFv
OS
(blank)
External +5V
VDD
Phase A
CA
C
BOOT
AHI
ALO
BHI
BLO
CHI
CLO
ENABLE
Turn ON
Delay
Low-Side
Driver
Control
Logic
VREG
Turn ON
Delay
High-Side
Driver
To P hase C
GHA
SA
GLA
To P hase B
FAULT
OVFLT
UVFLT
OVSET
SA
SB
SC
VDSTH
Drain-Source
Fault Monitor
VREG Undervoltage
Short to Ground
Short to Battery
Bridge Open
VDD Undervoltage
Thermal Shutdown
VBAT Overvoltage
VBAT Undervoltage
VBAT
VREG
VDD
CSN
GND
cs
LSS
CSP
R
S
LSS
VDD
VDRAIN
CSOUT
Dwg. FP-053
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
3
A3935
3-Phase Power MOSFET Controller for Automotive Applications
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
at T
J
= –40°C to 150°C, V
BAT
= 7 to 16 V, V
DD
= 4.75 to 5.25 V, ENABLE = 22.5 kHz,
50% duty cycle, two phases active;unless otherwise noted
Characteristics
Power Supply
V
DD
Supply Current
V
BAT
Supply Current
Battery Voltage Operating Range
Bootstrap Diode Forward Voltage
Bootstrap Diode Resistance
Bootstrap Diode Current Limit
2
Bootstrap Quiescent Current
Bootstrap Refresh Time
VREG Output Voltage
3
VREG Dropout Voltage
4
Gate Drive Average Supply Current
VREG Input Bias Current
Boost Supply
VBOOST Output Voltage Limit
VBOOST Output Voltage Limit Hysteresis
Boost Switch On Resistance
Boost Switch Maximum Current
Boost Current Limit Threshold Voltage
Off Time
Blanking Time
Control Logic
Logic Input Voltage
Logic Input Current
Logic Input Hysteresis
Logic Output High Voltage
Symbol
I
DD
I
BAT
V
BAT
V
DBOOT
r
DBOOT
I
DM
I
Cx
t
refresh
V
REG
V
REGDO
I
REG
I
REGbias
All logic inputs = 0 V
All logic inputs = 0 V
I
DBOOT
= –I
Cx
= 10 mA, V
DBOOT
= V
REG
– V
Cx
I
DBOOT
= –I
Cx
= 100 mA
r
DBOOT
(100 mA) = (V
DBOOT
(150 mA)
– V
DBOOT
(50 mA)) / 100 mA
3 V < V
REG
– V
Cx
< 12 V
V
Cx
= 40 V, GHx = ON
V
Sx
= low, to guarantee
ΔV
= +0.5 V refresh of 0.47
μF
Bootstrap Capacitor, CBOOT, to V
Cx
– V
Sx
= +10 V
V
BAT
= 7 to 40 V, V
BOOST
from Boost Regulator
V
REGDO
= V
BOOST
– V
REG
, I
REG
= 40 mA
No external dc load at VREG, C
REG
= 10
μF
Current into V
BOOST
, ENABLE = 0
Conditions
Min.
–
–
7.0
0.8
1.5
2.5
–150
10
–
12.7
–
–
–
14.9
35
–
–
0.45
3.0
100
2.0
–
–
50
100
V
DD
–
0.8
–
V
REG
–
2.26
V
REG
–
0.26
–
400
4.0
7.0
Typ
1
.
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
–
–
–
1.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
800
–
–
–
Max.
7.0
3.0
40
2.0
2.3
7.5
–1150
30
2.0
14
–
40
4.0
16.3
180
3.3
300
0.55
8.0
220
–
0.8
500
–
300
–
0.4
V
REG
V
REG
–
–
10
15
Units
mA
mA
V
V
V
Ω
mA
μA
μs
V
V
mA
mA
V
mV
Ω
mA
V
μs
ns
V
V
μA
μA
mV
V
V
V
V
mA
mA
Ω
Ω
V
BOOSTM
V
BAT
= 7 V
∆V
BOOSTM
r
DS(on)
I
BOOSTD
< 300 mA
I
BOOSTSW
V
BI(th)
Increasing V
BOOSTS
t
off
t
blank
V
I(1)
V
I(0)
I
I(1)
I
I(0)
V
Ihys
V
O(H)
Minimum high level input for logic 1
Maximum low level input for logic 0
V
I
= V
DD
V
I
= 0.8 V
I
O(H)
= –800
μA
Logic Output Low Voltage
V
O(L)
I
O(L)
= 1.6 mA
Gate Drives, GHx (internal source, or upper, switch stages)
5
GHx: I
xU
= –10 mA, V
Sx
= 0
Output High Voltage
V
DSL(H)
GLx: I
xU
= –10 mA, V
LSS
= 0
Source Current (pulsed)
Source On Resistance
I
xU
r
SDU(on)
V
SDU
= 10 V, T
J
= 25°C
V
SDU
= 10 V, T
J
= 135°C
I
xU
= –150 mA, T
J
= 25°C
I
xU
= –150 mA, T
J
= 135°C
Continued on the next page…
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
4
A3935
3-Phase Power MOSFET Controller for Automotive Applications
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
at T
J
= –40°C to 150°C, V
BAT
= 7 to 16 V, V
DD
= 4.75 to 5.25 V,
ENABLE = 22.5 kHz, 50% duty cycle, two phases active;unless otherwise noted
Characteristics
Symbol
Gate Drives, GLx (internal sink or lower switch stages)
6
Sink Current (pulsed)
Sink On Resistance
Gate Drives, GHx, GLx (General)
5,6
Propagation Delay, Logic only
Output Skew Time
Dead Time (shoot–through prevention)
Sense Amplifier
Input Bias Current
2
Input Offset Current
2
Input Resistance
Diff. Input Operating Voltage
Output Offset Voltage
Output Offset Voltage Drift
Input Common Mode Operating Range
Voltage Gain
Low Output Voltage Error
DC Common Mode Attenuation
Output Resistance
Output Dynamic Range
Output Current, Sink
Output Current, Source
2
VDD Supply Ripple Rejection
VREG Supply Ripple Rejection
Small Signal 3 dB Bandwidth
AC Common Mode Attenuation
Output Slew Rate (positive or negative)
Fault Logic
VDD Undervoltage
VDD Undervoltage Hysteresis
OVSET Operating Voltage Range
OVSET Calibrated Voltage Range
OVSET Input Current Range
2
VBAT Overvoltage Range
VBAT Overvoltage Hysteresis
I
xL
r
DSL(on)
t
pd
t
sk(o)
t
dead
I
bias
I
IO
r
i
V
ID
V
OO
ΔV
OO
V
IC
A
V
E
V
A
VC
r
O
V
CSOUT
I
sink
I
source
PSRR
VDD
PSRR
VREG
BW
f3db
A
VC(ac)
SR
Conditions
V
DSL
= 10 V, T
J
= 25°C
V
DSL
= 10 V, T
J
= 135°C
I
xL
= 150 mA, T
J
= 25°C
I
xL
= 150 mA, T
J
= 135°C
Logic input to unloaded GHx, GLx
Grouped by edge, phase–to–phase
Between GHx, GLx transitions of same phase
CSP = CSN = 0 V
CSP = CSN = 0 V
CSP with respect to GND
CSN with respect to GND
V
ID
= CSP – CSN, –1.3V < CSP,N < 4V
CSP = CSN = 0 V
CSP = CSN = 0 V
CSP = CSN
V
ID
= 40 to 200 mV
V
ID
= 0 to 40 mV, V
O
= (19.2 × V
ID
) + V
O
+ E
v
CSP = CSN = 200 mV
V
CSOUT
= 2.0 V
I
CSOUT
= –100
μA
at top rail, 100
μA
at bottom rail
V
CSOUT
= 2.5 V
V
CSOUT
= 2.5 V
CSP = CSN = GND, frequency = 0 to 1 MHz
CSP = CSN = GND, frequency = 0 to 300 kHz
10 mV input
V
cm
= 250 mV(pp), frequency = 0 to 800 kHz
200 mV step input, measured at 10/90% points
Min.
–
550
1.8
3.0
–
–
75
–180
–
–
–
–
77
–
–1.5
18.6
–
28
–
0.075
20
–1.0
20
45
–
26
10
3.8
100
0
0
–1.0
19.4
19.4
9.0
Typ
1
.
850
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
80
4.0
–
250
100
–
19.2
–
–
8.0
–
–
–
–
–
1.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.4
–
Max.
–
–
6.0
7.5
150
50
180
–360
±35
–
–
±200
450
–
4.0
19.8
±25
–
–
V
DD
–
0.25
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.3
300
V
DD
2.5
1.0
40
25.4
15
Units
mA
mA
Ω
Ω
ns
ns
ns
μA
μA
kΩ
kΩ
mV
mV
μV/°C
V
V/V
mV
dB
Ω
V
mA
mA
dB
dB
MHz
dB
V/μs
V
mV
V
V
μA
V
V
%
V
DD(uv)
Decreasing V
DD
∆V
DD(uv)
V
DD(recovery)
– V
DD(uv)
V
SET(ov)
V
SET(ov)cal
I
SET(ov)
0 V < V
SET(ov)
< 2.5 V
V
BAT(ov)
Increasing V
BAT
, V
SET(ov)
= 0 V
∆V
BAT(ov)
Percent of V
BAT(ov)
value set by V
SET(ov)
Continued on the next page…
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
www.allegromicro.com
5
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