Order this document by LM324/D
LM324, LM324A,
LM224, LM2902
Quad Low Power
Operational Amplifiers
The LM324 series are low–cost, quad operational amplifiers with true
differential inputs. They have several distinct advantages over standard
operational amplifier types in single supply applications. The quad amplifier
can operate at supply voltages as low as 3.0 V or as high as 32 V with
quiescent currents about one–fifth of those associated with the MC1741 (on
a per amplifier basis). The common mode input range includes the negative
supply, thereby eliminating the necessity for external biasing components in
many applications. The output voltage range also includes the negative
power supply voltage.
•
Short Circuited Protected Outputs
QUAD DIFFERENTIAL INPUT
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SEMICONDUCTOR
TECHNICAL DATA
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
True Differential Input Stage
Single Supply Operation: 3.0 V to 32 V
Low Input Bias Currents: 100 nA Maximum (LM324A)
Four Amplifiers Per Package
Internally Compensated
Common Mode Range Extends to Negative Supply
Industry Standard Pinouts
ESD Clamps on the Inputs Increase Ruggedness without Affecting
Device Operation
14
1
14
1
N SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 646
(LM224, LM324,
LM2902 Only)
D SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751A
(SO–14)
PIN CONNECTIONS
Out 1
Inputs 1
3
1
2
14
Out 4
Inputs 4
*
1
)
)
2
*
4
*
)
)
*
13
12
11
10
9
8
VCC
4
5
VEE, Gnd
Inputs 3
Out 3
MAXIMUM RATINGS
(TA = + 25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Rating
Power Supply Voltages
Single Supply
Split Supplies
Input Differential Voltage
Range (See Note 1)
Input Common Mode
Voltage Range
Output Short Circuit
Duration
Junction Temperature
Storage Temperature
Range
Operating Ambient
Temperature Range
NOTE: 1. Split Power Supplies.
Inputs 2
6
3
Symbol
VCC
VCC, VEE
VIDR
VICR
tSC
TJ
Tstg
TA
LM224
LM324,A
32
±16
±32
–0.3 to 32
LM2902
26
±13
±26
–0.3 to 26
Unit
Vdc
Out 2
7
(Top View)
Vdc
ORDERING INFORMATION
Vdc
Device
LM2902D
LM2902N
LM224D
LM224N
LM324AD
LM324AN
LM324D
LM324N
©
Motorola, Inc. 1995
Operating
Temperature Range
TA = –40° to +105°C
TA = –25° to +85°C
Continuous
150
–65 to +150
–25 to +85
0 to +70
–40 to +105
°C
°C
°C
Package
SO–14
Plastic DIP
SO–14
Plastic DIP
SO–14
Plastic DIP
SO–14
Plastic DIP
TA = 0° to +70°C
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
1
LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = 5.0 V, VEE = GND, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted)
LM224
Characteristics
Input Offset Voltage
VCC = 5.0 V to 30 V
(26 V for LM2902),
VICR = 0 V to VCC –1.7 V,
VO = 1.4 V, RS = 0
Ω
TA = 25°C
TA = Thigh to Tlow (Note 1)
Average Temperature Coefficient of
Input Offset Voltage
TA = Thigh to Tlow (Note 1)
Input Offset Current
TA = Thigh to Tlow (Note 1)
Average Temperature Coefficient of
Input Offset Current
TA = Thigh to Tlow (Note 1)
Input Bias Current
TA = Thigh to Tlow (Note 1)
Input Common Mode Voltage Range
(Note 2)
VCC = 30 V (26 V for LM2902)
VCC = 30 V (26 V for LM2902),
TA = Thigh to Tlow
Differential Input Voltage Range
Large Signal Open Loop Voltage
Gain
RL = 2.0 kΩ, VCC = 15 V, for
Large VO Swing,
TA = Thigh to Tlow (Note 1)
Channel Separation
10 kHz
≤
f
≤
20 kHz, Input
Referenced
Common Mode Rejection
RS
≤
10 kΩ
Power Supply Rejection
Output Voltage – High Limit
(TA = Thigh to Tlow) (Note 1)
VCC = 5.0 V, RL = 2.0 kΩ,
TA = 25°C
VCC = 30 V (26 V for LM2902),
RL = 2.0 kΩ
VCC = 30 V (26 V for LM2902),
RL = 10 kΩ
Output Voltage – Low Limit
VCC = 5.0 V, RL = 10 kΩ,
TA = Thigh to Tlow (Note1)
Output Source Current
(VID = +1.0 V, VCC = 15 V)
TA = 25°C
TA = Thigh to Tlow (Note 1)
VOL
CS
VIDR
AVOL
50
25
–
100
–
–120
–
–
–
25
15
–
100
–
–120
–
–
–
25
15
–
100
–
–120
–
–
–
25
15
–
100
–
–120
–
–
–
dB
IIB
VICR
0
0
–
–
28.3
28
0
0
–
–
28.3
28
0
0
–
–
28.3
28
0
0
–
–
24.3
24
–
–
–90
–
–150
–300
–
–
–45
–
–100
–200
–
–
–90
–
–250
–500
–
–
–90
–
–250
–500
nA
V
IIO
∆I
IO/∆T
–
–
–
3.0
–
10
30
100
–
–
–
–
5.0
–
10
30
75
300
–
–
–
5.0
–
10
50
150
–
–
–
–
5.0
–
10
50
200
–
nA
pA/°C
∆V
IO/∆T
–
–
–
2.0
–
7.0
5.0
7.0
–
–
–
–
2.0
–
7.0
3.0
5.0
30
–
–
–
2.0
–
7.0
7.0
9.0
–
–
–
–
2.0
–
7.0
7.0
10
–
µV/°C
Symbol
VIO
Min
Typ
Max
Min
LM324A
Typ
Max
Min
LM324
Typ
Max
Min
LM2902
Typ
Max
Unit
mV
–
–
VCC
–
–
VCC
–
–
VCC
–
–
VCC
V
V/mV
CMR
PSR
VOH
70
65
85
100
–
–
65
65
70
100
–
–
65
65
70
100
–
–
50
50
70
100
–
–
dB
dB
V
3.3
26
27
3.5
–
28
–
–
–
3.3
26
27
3.5
–
28
–
–
–
3.3
26
27
3.5
–
28
–
–
–
3.3
22
23
3.5
–
24
–
–
–
–
5.0
20
–
5.0
20
–
5.0
20
–
5.0
100
mV
IO +
20
10
40
20
–
–
20
10
40
20
–
–
20
10
40
20
–
–
20
10
40
20
–
–
mA
NOTES:
1. Tlow = –25°C for LM224
Thigh = +85°C for LM224
= 0°C for LM324, A
= +70°C for LM324,A
= –40°C for LM2902
= +105°C for LM2902
2. The input common mode voltage or either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3 V. The upper end of the
common mode voltage range is VCC –1.7 V.
2
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = 5.0 V, VEE = GND, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted)
Characteristics
Output Sink Current
(VID = –1.0 V, VCC = 15 V)
TA = 25°C
TA = Thigh to Tlow (Note 1)
(VID = –1.0 V, VO = 200 mV,
TA = 25°C)
Output Short Circuit to Ground
(Note 3)
Power Supply Current
(TA = Thigh to Tlow) (Note 1)
VCC = 30 V (26 V for LM2902),
VO = 0 V, RL =
∞
VCC = 5.0 V, VO = 0 V, RL =
∞
ISC
ICC
–
–
–
–
3.0
1.2
–
–
1.4
0.7
3.0
1.2
–
–
–
–
3.0
1.2
–
–
–
–
3.0
1.2
Symbol
IO –
10
5.0
12
20
8.0
50
–
–
–
10
5.0
12
20
8.0
50
–
–
–
10
5.0
12
20
8.0
50
–
–
–
10
5.0
–
20
8.0
–
–
–
–
µA
Min
Typ
Max
Min
Typ
Max
Min
Typ
Max
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
mA
–
40
60
–
40
60
–
40
60
–
40
60
mA
mA
NOTES:
1. Tlow = –25°C for LM224
Thigh = +85°C for LM224
= 0°C for LM324, A
= +70°C for LM324,A
= –40°C for LM2902
= +105°C for LM2902
3. Short circuits from the output to VCC can cause excessive heating and eventual destruction. Destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous
shorts on all amplifiers.
Representative Circuit Diagram
(One–Fourth of Circuit Shown)
Output
Q15
Q16
Q14
Q13
Q19
5.0 pF
40 k
Q12
25
+
Q18
Inputs
Q9
–
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q17
Q21
Q6
Q5
Q8
Q26
Q10
2.0 k
Q7
Q1
Q20
Q11
Bias Circuitry
Common to Four
Amplifiers
VCC
Q22
Q24
Q23
Q25
2.4 k
VEE/Gnd
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
3
LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The LM324 series is made using four internally
compensated, two–stage operational amplifiers. The first
stage of each consists of differential input devices Q20 and
Q18 with input buffer transistors Q21 and Q17 and the
differential to single ended converter Q3 and Q4. The first
stage performs not only the first stage gain function but also
performs the level shifting and transconductance reduction
functions. By reducing the transconductance, a smaller
compensation capacitor (only 5.0 pF) can be employed, thus
saving chip area. The transconductance reduction is
accomplished by splitting the collectors of Q20 and Q18.
Another feature of this input stage is that the input common
mode range can include the negative supply or ground, in
single supply operation, without saturating either the input
devices or the differential to single–ended converter. The
second stage consists of a standard current source load
amplifier stage.
Large Signal Voltage Follower Response
VCC = 15 Vdc
RL = 2.0 kΩ
TA = 25°C
1.0 V/DIV
5.0
µs/DIV
Each amplifier is biased from an internal–voltage regulator
which has a low temperature coefficient thus giving each
amplifier good temperature characteristics as well as
excellent power supply rejection.
Single Supply
3.0 V to VCC(max)
1
2
3
4
VEE
VEE/Gnd
VCC
VCC
1
2
3
4
Split Supplies
1.5 V to VCC(max)
1.5 V to VEE(max)
4
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
LM324, LM324A, LM224, LM2902
Figure 1. Input Voltage Range
20
A VOL LARGE–SIGNAL
,
OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)
18
±
V , INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
I
16
14
12
10
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0
Negative
Positive
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
–20
0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10
12
14
16
18
20
1.0
10
100
1.0 k
10 k
100 k
1.0 M
±
VCC/VEE, POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGES (V)
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
VCC = 15 V
VEE = Gnd
TA = 25°C
Figure 2. Open Loop Frequency
Figure 3. Large–Signal Frequency Response
14
VOR , OUTPUT VOLTAGE RANGE (Vpp )
VO , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mV)
12
10
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0
1.0
10
100
1000
RL = 2.0 kΩ
VCC = 15 V
VEE = Gnd
Gain = –100
RI = 1.0 kΩ
RF = 100 kΩ
550
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
0
0
Figure 4. Small–Signal Voltage Follower
Pulse Response (Noninverting)
Input
Output
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
t, TIME (µs)
VCC = 30 V
VEE = Gnd
TA = 25°C
CL = 50 pF
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
f, FREQUENCY (kHz)
Figure 5. Power Supply Current versus
Power Supply Voltage
2.4
ICC , POWER SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
2.1
1.8
1.5
1.2
0.9
0.6
0.3
0
0
5.0
10
15
20
25
VCC, POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
30
35
I IB , INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)
TA = 25°C
RL =
Figure 6. Input Bias Current versus
Power Supply Voltage
R
90
80
70
0
2.0
4.0 6.0 8.0
10
12
14 16
VCC, POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
18
20
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
5
京公网安备 11010802033920号
EEWORLD
