Z86E0212SSC1995 datasheet, PDF

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Z86E0212SSC1995: DescriptionMicrocontroller, 8-Bit, OTPROM, 12MHz, CMOS, PDSO18, SOIC-18; CategoryThe embedded processor and controller Microcontrollers and processors; File Size194KB，24 Pages; ManufacturerZilog, Inc.; Websitehttps://www.zilog.com/

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Z86E0212SSC1995 Overview

Microcontroller, 8-Bit, OTPROM, 12MHz, CMOS, PDSO18, SOIC-18

Z86E0212SSC1995 Parametric

Parameter Name	Attribute value
Maker	Zilog, Inc.
Parts packaging code	SOIC
package instruction	SOP,
Contacts	18
Reach Compliance Code	unknown
Has ADC	NO
Address bus width
bit size	8
maximum clock frequency	12 MHz
DAC channel	NO
DMA channel	NO
External data bus width
JESD-30 code	R-PDSO-G18
length	11.55 mm
Number of I/O lines	14
Number of terminals	18
Maximum operating temperature	70 °C
Minimum operating temperature
PWM channel	NO
Package body material	PLASTIC/EPOXY
encapsulated code	SOP
Package shape	RECTANGULAR
Package form	SMALL OUTLINE
Certification status	Not Qualified
ROM programmability	OTPROM
Maximum seat height	2.65 mm
speed	12 MHz
Maximum supply voltage	5.5 V
Minimum supply voltage	4.5 V
Nominal supply voltage	5 V
surface mount	YES
technology	CMOS
Temperature level	COMMERCIAL
Terminal form	GULL WING
Terminal pitch	1.27 mm
Terminal location	DUAL
width	7.5 mm
uPs/uCs/peripheral integrated circuit type	MICROCONTROLLER

Z86E0212SSC1995 Preview

Application Note

Software UART for the

Z86E02

AN004102-0502

LOG W

ORLDWIDE

EADQUARTERS

• 910 E. H

AMILTON

VENUE

• C

AMPBELL

, CA 95008

ELEPHONE

: 408.558.8500 • F

: 408.558.8300 •

WWW

LOG.

COM

Application Note

Software UART for the Z86E02

This publication is subject to replacement by a later edition. To determine whether a later edition

exists, or to request copies of publications, contact:

ZiLOG Worldwide Headquarters

910 E. Hamilton Avenue

Campbell, CA 95008

Telephone: 408.558.8500

Fax: 408.558.8300

www.ZiLOG.com

Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

Information Integrity

The information contained within this document has been verified according to the general

principles of electrical and mechanical engineering. Any applicable source code illustrated in the

document was either written by an authorized ZiLOG employee or licensed consultant. Permission

to use these codes in any form, besides the intended application, must be approved through a

license agreement between both parties. ZiLOG will not be responsible for any code(s) used

beyond the intended application. Contact the local ZiLOG Sales Office to obtain necessary license

agreements.

Document Disclaimer

applications, or technology described is intended to suggest possible uses and may be

superseded. ZiLOG, INC. DOES NOT ASSUME LIABILITY FOR OR PROVIDE A

REPRESENTATION OF ACCURACY OF THE INFORMATION, DEVICES, OR TECHNOLOGY

DESCRIBED IN THIS DOCUMENT. ZiLOG ALSO DOES NOT ASSUME LIABILITY FOR

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INFRINGEMENT RELATED IN ANY MANNER TO USE OF

INFORMATION, DEVICES, OR TECHNOLOGY DESCRIBED HEREIN OR OTHERWISE. Except

with the express written approval ZiLOG, use of information, devices, or technology as critical

components of life support systems is not authorized. No licenses or other rights are conveyed,

implicitly or otherwise, by this document under any intellectual property rights.

AN004102-0502

Application Note

Software UART for the Z86E02

iii

Table of Contents

General Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Theory of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Results of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Reaffirmation of Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Source Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Flow Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Equipment Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

General Test Setup and Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Test Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Setup HyperTerminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

OTP Programming Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Acknowledgments

Project Lead Engineer

Mathias Loehr

Application and Support Engineer

Mathias Loehr

System and Code Development

Mathias Loehr

AN004102-0502

Application Note

Software UART for the Z86E02

General Overview

This Application Note describes how to implement a software-emulated universal

asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) function on the Z86 family of low-cost

8-bit microcontrollers. This particular UART function is half-duplex, event-driven,

and supports an 8-N-1 protocol using an RS-232 interface.

Optionally, a ninth data bit can be enabled. Baud rates from 1200 to 57600 are

supported. The software features full initialization and a basic application for both

a receiver and a transmitter. The primary goals for this software UART are speed

and reliability.

Discussion

Theory of Operation

The UART protocol is based on the EIA RS-232C standard, published in 1969.

That standard was popular with the introduction of personal computers and it is

one of the most commonly used serial interfaces. Originally defined as a 25-pin

interface with several modem handshake and control signals, the basic interface

requires only three lines, Receive (RX), Transmit (TX), and GND. In this constella-

tion, a handshake is executed in software by transmitting special XON and XOFF

characters, or by using a ninth data bit as a separator between command and

data. In most MCU applications, the half-duplex communication is sufficient,

meaning that each side is either a receiver or a transmitter at any given time.

While the transmission speed of the RS-232C cable was formerly limited to 19200

baud for a cable length of 50 feet, advanced specifications and line drivers allow

much higher baud rates today. The underlying UART protocol, however, is still the

same. Figure 1 illustrates that protocol.

Figure 1. Basic 8-bit UART Protocol

S tart

Stop

51 hex

RX Sampling

AN004102-0502

Application Note

Software UART for the Z86E02

The TX idle state of the UART is High. A High-to-Low transition of the Start bit ini-

tiates the transmission. Eight or nine data bits follow before the Stop bit pulls High

again. In the case of 19200 baud, each bit time is approximately 52µs. Asynchro-

nous operation means that the clock is not transmitted. The receiver must operate

with the same baud rate, usually derived from a local oscillator. It synchronizes on

the falling Start edge and samples the incoming data in their bit middle.

Note:

The actual signal levels on a PC serial connector are inverted by line drivers on

both sides and provide symmetrical levels of around ±12V.

Results of Operation

The Software UART supports the basic format 8-N-1. That format is 8 data bits,

no parity and 1 stop bit. Optionally a 9-bit mode can be enabled to receive or

transmit nine data bits. The ninth bit can be used by software as a separator

between command or address and data. The achieved baud rates depend on RX

or TX mode and the clock frequency, as shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Tested Baud Rates for RX and TX Modes vs. Clock Frequencies

RX-4MHz

RX-8MHz

RX-12MHZ

RX-16MHz

TX-4MHz

TX-8MHz

TX-12MHz

TX-16MHz

1200

2400

4800

9600

19200

38400

57600

38400

Communication is half-duplex. In RX mode, the program waits to receive charac-

ters and stores them in a 16-byte RAM buffer. In TX mode, the program continu-

ously sends out an ASCII message string, stored in code memory.

Options

Several options at assembly or runtime must be selected to adapt the program to

the desired operation. Table 2 contains a list of those options.

AN004102-0502

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