protection solution for single cell Li-Ion battery packs.
A low-power 16-bit MAXQ20 microcontroller with
generous program and data memory, combined with
an accurate measurement system for battery current,
voltage, and temperature provide the ideal platform
for customized fuelgauge algorithms. The 2-wire
interface provides an I
2
C- or SMBus™-compatible
communication path between the host and battery
pack,
while
providing
password
protected
programming of the fuel-gauging firmware. EEPROM
data memory supports nonvolatile in-pack storage of
charge parameters, cell characteristics, usage
history, and manufacturing/lot tracking data.
An autonomous state machine performs voltage,
current, and temperature related protection functions.
This capability increases reliability of the whole
system by eliminating dependence on the CPU for
protection. The DS2790 supports Li-Ion batteries in a
wide range of applications.
FEATURES
Accurate Current Measurement for Coulomb
Counting (Current Accumulation)
1.5% ±7.8µV over ± 64mV Input Range
1.5% ±520µA over ±4.2A Range Using an
External 15mΩ Series Resistor
High Resolution Current Reporting
12-bit + Sign Average Every 88ms
15-bit + Sign Average Every 2.8s
Voltage Measurement
10-bit Average
Temperature Measurement
10-bit Using On-Chip Sensor
16-bit MAXQ20 Low Power Microcontroller
Efficient C-Language Programming
8k Words Total Program Memory
−
4k Words EEPROM Program Memory
−
4k Words ROM Program Memory
64 Words Data EEPROM
256 Words Data RAM
State Machine-Driven Protection
Protection Independent of CPU Operation
Programmable Levels for:
−
Overvoltage/Undervoltage
−
Overcurrent
−
Temperature Limits
Lithium-Ion Protector Drives Highside N-FETs
Industry Standard 400kHz 2-Wire interface
Password Protected Programming
Operates as Low as 2.5V Input on V
DD
SHA-1 Hash Algorithm in ROM
Internal Oscillator⎯No Crystal Required
Low Power Consumption
3.3mA CPU Mode (1MHz), 280µA Analog Mode,
4.5µA Sleep Mode
TYPICAL OPERATING CIRCUIT
1nF
× 2
PACK+
0.1µF 0.1µF
PIN CONFIGURATION
See last page for TSSOP and TDFN packages.
Note:
Some revisions of this device may incorporate deviations from published specifications known as errata. Multiple revisions of any device
may be simultaneously available through various sales channels. For information about device errata, click here:
www.maxim-ic.com/errata.
100Ω
1KΩ
CC
VIN
VDD
CP
DS2790
AVSS
VSS
SNS1
IS2
0.1μF
R
SNS
2.5V
1KΩ
DC
PLS
[P0.0 - P0.5]
SCL
150Ω
SDA
SNS2
IS1
5.6V
(1)
5.6V
(1)
6
(1)
1KΩ
(1) Optional for 8kV/15kV ESD
1KΩ
150Ω
CLK
DATA
ORDERING INFORMATION
PACK-
PART
DS2790E+
DS2790G+
TEMP RANGE
-20ºC to +70ºC
-20ºC to +70ºC
PIN-PACKAGE
TSSOP-28
TDFN-28
Contact factory concerning Mask ROM devices.
+ Denotes lead-free package.
MAXQ is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products,
Inc.
SMBus is a trademark of Intel Corp.
1 of 41
REV: 030107
DS2790 Programmable 1-Cell Li-Ion Fuel Gauge and Protector
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PLS to V
SS
................................................................................................................................................ -0.3V to +18V
CP to V
SS
................................................................................................................................................. -0.3V to +12V
DC to V
SS
...........................................................................................................................................-0.3V to CP+0.3V
CC to V
SS
.................................................................................................................................... V
DD
-0.3V to CP+0.3V
P0.4, P0.5 to V
SS
.............................................................................................................................. -0.3V to V
DD
+0.3V
AVSS to V
SS
............................................................................................................................................ -0.3V to +0.3V
All other pins to V
SS
.................................................................................................................................... -0.3V to +6V
SCL, SDA, P0.0–P0.5 Continous Sink Current ......................................................................20mA Each, 50mA Total
P0.4, P0.5 Continous Source Current ....................................................................................20mA Each, 50mA Total
CC, DC Continuous Source/Sink Current...............................................................................................................5mA
Operating Temperature Range..............................................................................................................-40ºC to +85ºC
Storage Temperature Range ...............................................................................................................-55ºC to +125ºC
Soldering Temperature ............................................................................. See IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020A Specification
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only,
and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyone those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is
not implied. Exposure to the absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device.
DC ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
(V
DD
= 2.5V to 5.5V, T
A
= -20°C to +70°C unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
DD
= 3.7, T
A
= +25°C)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
I
CPU
I
ANALOG
Supply Current
I
SLEEP
CONDITIONS
CPU Mode
(Note 1, 2)
ANALOG Mode
(Note 2)
SLEEP Mode, (Note 2)
SLEEP Mode, (Note 2)
V
DD
= 4.2V, T
A
≤
50°C
SLEEP Mode, (Note 2)
V
DD
= 2.5V, T
A
≤
50°C
(Note 3)
(Note 3)
MIN
TYP
1.5
160
MAX
3.3
280
12.0
2.5
1.7
2.0
1.5
1.0
±20
OSCA Active
From SLEEP,
OSCA Inactive
(Note 3)
(Note 3)
(Note 3)
V
IH1
V
IL1
V
IH2
V
IL2
V
OL1
V
OH1
I
PD1
I
PU1
I
PU2
(Note 3)
(Note 3)
(Note 3)
(Note 3)
I
OL
= 4mA, (Note 3)
I
OH
= -4mA,
PPU[5:4] set, (Note 3)
V
PIN
= V
IL1
,
PPU[7:6] clear
V
PIN
= V
IH1
,
PPU[7:6] set
V
PIN
= V
IH2
,
PPU[3:0] set
V
DD
– 0.5
0.3
0.3
0.15
1.2
1.2
4
3.0
3.0
22
1.0
700
-0.3
-0.3
-0.3
1.5
0.6
0.7 ×
V
DD
0.3 ×
V
DD
UNITS
mA
μA
4.5
3.5
2.4
μA
Brownout Voltage
Power-On Reset Voltage
Internal System Clock
System Clock Error
System Clock Startup
PLS Voltage Range
P0.4–P0.5
Voltage Range
P0.0–P0.3, SCL, SDA
Voltage Range
SCL, SDA, Input Logic High
SCL, SDA, Input Logic Low
P0.0 - P0.5, Input Logic High
P0.0 - P0.5, Input Logic Low
SCL, SDA, P0.0–P0.5
Output Logic Low:
P0.4–P0.5
Output Logic High:
SCL, SDA Pulldown Current
SCL, SDA Pullup Current
P0.0–P0.3 Pullup Current
V
BO
V
POR
f
OSCI
f
ERR:OSCI
t
SU:OSCI
V
V
MHz
%
µs
15
V
DD
+ 0.3
+5.5
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
μA
μA
μA
0.4
2 of 41
DS2790 Programmable 1-Cell Li-Ion Fuel Gauge and Protector
PARAMETER
P0.0–P0.5 Pulse Rejection
Current Measurement Input
Range (Full Scale)
Current Measurement
Resolution
Current Measurement Offset
Error
Current Measurement Gain
Error
Accumulated Current Offset
Temperature Measurement
Resolution
Temperature Measurement
Error
Voltage Full Scale
Voltage Measurement
Resolution
Voltage Measurement Error
VIN Input Resistance
Current Measurement Sample
Frequency
Analog Timebase Frequency
Analog Timebase Error
Filter Resistors
IS1 to SNS1, IS2 to SNS2
EEPROM Copy Time
EEPROM Copy Endurance
Data EEPROM
EEPROM Copy Endurance
Program EEPROM
SYMBOL
t
PR
V
IS1–
V
IS2
I
LSB
I
OERR
I
GERR
q
CA
T
LSB
T
ERR
V
FS
V
LSB
V
ERR
R
IN
f
SAMP
f
OSCA
f
ERR:OSCA
R
KS
t
EEC
N
EECD
N
EECP
V
DD
≥
2.8V
V
DD
≥
2.8V , T
A
= 50
º
C
V
DD
≥
2.8V , T
A
= 50
º
C
50,000
1000
V
DD
≤
4.5V, T
A
= 25 C
o
CONDITIONS
Rising and Falling
Edges
MIN
TYP
100
MAX
UNITS
ns
-64
15.625
-7.8
-0.8
OBEN = 1
OBEN = 1,
RSNS = 0.015Ω
-188
-12.6
0.125
-3
(Note 4)
0
4.88
-20
15
1456
70
-0.7
-2
10
10
+64
mV
μV/R
SNS
+7.8
+0.8
0
0
μV/R
SNS
% Full
Scale
μVh/day
mAh/day
o
o
C
C
+3
4.992
V
mV
+20
mV
MΩ
Hz
KHz
+0.7
+2
%
kΩ
15
ms
cycles
cycles
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS: PROTECTION CIRCUITRY
(2.5V
≤
V
DD
≤
5.5V, T
A
= 0°C to +50°C.)
PARAMETER
Output Low: CC
Output Low: DC
Output High: CC
Output High: DC
Output Resistance: CC, DC
Output Voltage: CP
Overvoltage Detect
Charge Enable
SYMBOL
V
OLCC
V
OLDC
V
OHCC
V
OHDC
R
O
V
OCP
V
OV
V
CE
CONDITIONS
I
OL
= 0.1mA,
(Note 3)
I
OL
= 0.1mA,
(Note 3)
I
OH
= -0.1mA,
(Note 3)
I
OH
= -0.1mA,
(Note 3)
V
OCP
= 9V, V
PIN
= V
SS
I
CC
+ I
DC
≤
0.9μA,
(Note 3)
OV = 01010b,
(Note 3)
OV = 01010b,
(Note 3)
8.5
4.330
4.230
9.0
4.350
4.250
V
OCP
- 0.25
V
OCP
- 0.25
MIN
TYP
MAX
V
DD
+ 0.1
0.1
UNITS
V
V
V
V
2.0
9.5
4.370
4.270
kΩ
V
V
V
3 of 41
DS2790 Programmable 1-Cell Li-Ion Fuel Gauge and Protector
PARAMETER
Undervoltage Detect
Charge and Discharge
Overcurrent Detect
(Limits for Charge Thresholds
are Positive, While Discharge is
Negative.)
V
OC
SYMBOL
V
UV
CONDITIONS
UVF = 10111b,
(Note 3)
COCT = DOCT = 00b
COCT = DOCT = 01b
COCT = DOCT = 10b
COCT = DOCT = 11b
DOCT = 00b
Short-Circuit Detect
V
SC
DOCT = 01b
DOCT = 10b
DOCT = 11b
Overvoltage Delay
Undervoltage Delay
Overcurrent Delay
Short-Circuit Delay
Secondary Short-Circuit Delay
Test Threshold
Test Current
Pulldown Current, PLS
Recovery Charge Current
t
OVD
t
UVD
t
OCD
t
SCD
t
SSCD
V
TP
I
TST
I
PD
I
RC
Sleep Mode
VPLS = 5.0V, V
DD
= 2.0V
0.5
SCDT = 1
SCDT = 0
(Note 5)
MIN
2.430
15.6
31.2
47.0
62.7
75
105
135
165
0.8
75
15
1.5
187
20
0.3
10
1.0
20
200
1
2
TYP
2.450
16
32
48
64
100
140
180
220
1
100
20
2
250
MAX
2.470
16.4
32.8
49.0
65.3
125
175
225
275
1.2
125
25
2.5
313
200
1.5
40
UNITS
V
mV
mV
mV
mV
mV
mV
mV
mV
s
ms
ms
ms
μs
μs
V
μA
μA
mA
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS: 2-WIRE INTERFACE
(2.5V
≤
V
DD
≤
5.5V, T
A
= -20°C to +70°C.)
PARAMETER
SCL Clock Frequency
Bus Free Time Between a
STOP and START Condition
Hold Time (Repeated)
START Condition
Low Period of SCL Clock
High Period of SCL Clock
Setup Time for a Repeated
START Condition
Data Hold Time
Data Setup Time
Rise Time of both SDA and
SCL Signals
Fall Time of both SDA and
SCL Signals
SYMBOL
f
SCL
t
BUF
t
HD:STA
t
LOW
t
HIGH
t
SU:STA
t
HD:DAT
t
SU:DAT
t
R
t
F
(Note 7, 8)
(Note 7)
(Note 9)
(Note 9)
(Note 6)
CONDITIONS
MIN
0
1.3
0.6
1.3
0.6
0.6
0
100
20+0.1C
B
20+0.1C
B
300
300
0.9
TYP
MAX
400
UNITS
KHz
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
ns
ns
ns
4 of 41
DS2790 Programmable 1-Cell Li-Ion Fuel Gauge and Protector
PARAMETER
Setup Time for STOP
Condition
Spike Pulse Width that can be
Suppressed by Input Filter
Clock Low Time-Out
Cumulative Clock Low Extend
Time for Slave Device
Cumulative Clock Low Extend
Time for Bus Master
SCL, SDA Input Capacitance
SYMBOL
t
SU:STO
t
SP
t
TIMEOUT
t
LOW:SEXT
t
LOW:MEXT
C
BIN
(Note 10)
TTO_DIS = 0,
(Note 11)
TLS_DIS = 0,
(Note 12)
TTO_DIS = 0,
TLS_DIS = 0
(Note 13)
CONDITIONS
MIN
0.6
0
25
50
35
25
10
60
TYP
MAX
UNITS
µs
ns
ms
ms
ms
pF
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS: JTAG INTERFACE
(2.5V
≤
V
DD
≤
5.5V, T
A
= -20°C to +70°C.)
PARAMETER
JTAG Logic Reference
TCK High Time
TCK Low Time
TCK Low to TDO Output
TMS, TDI Input Setup to TCK
High
TMS, TDI Input Hold after TCK
High
Note 1:
Note 2:
Note 3:
Note 4:
Note 5:
Note 6:
Note 7:
Note 8:
Note 9:
Note 10:
Note 11:
SYMBOL
V
REF
t
TH
t
TL
t
TLQ
t
DVTH
t
THDX
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
V
DD
÷ 2
MAX
UNITS
V
µs
µs
4.0
4.0
1.0
1.0
4.0
µs
µs
µs
Note 12:
Note 13:
Maximum current assumuing 100% CPU duty cycle.
This value does not include current in SDA, SCL, and P0.0–P0.5.
All Voltages referenced to V
SS
.
Voltage register can report up to 4.992V, however VIN pin input saturation occurs at 4.75V minimum.
The secondary short circuit delay is measured from the falling transition on V
DD
to the resultant falling transition on DC. The delay
is measured from the time V
DD
reaches V
POR
- 0.5V to the time DC reaches 50% of V
CP
(4.5V).
f
SCL
must meet the minimum clock low time plus the rise/fall times.
The maximum t
HD:DAT
has only to be met if the device does not stretch the LOW period (t
LOW
) of the SCL signal.
This device internally provides a hold time of at least 75ns for the SDA signal (referred to the VIHmin of the SCL
signal) to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge of SCL.
C
B
⎯total
capacitance of one bus line in pF.
Filters on SDA and SCL suppress noise spikes at the input buffers and delay the sampling instant.
Devices participating in data transfer will timeout when any clock low exceeds the minimum t
TIMEOUT
of 25ms. Devices that have
detected a timeout condition must reset the communication no later than the maximum t
TIMEOUT
of 35ms. The maximum value
specified must be adhered to by both devices as it incorporates the cumulative stretch limit for the master (10ms) and slave
device (25ms).
t
LOW:SEXT
is the cumulative time the slave is allowed to extend the clock from the initial START to the STOP. If the DS2790
exceeds this time, it will release both SDA and SCL and reset the communication interface.
t
LOW:MEXT
is the cumulative time the master is allowed to extend the clock cycles within each byte of a communication sequence. If
the bus master exceeds this time it is possible for the DS2790 to violate t
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