Access control system,-EEWorld Reference Design Center

This solution provides a hardware encryption and decryption engine to accelerate the encryption and decryption process to ensure sufficient security for the system. Ethernet also supports TCP/IP networking and up to 8 ADCs, which can detect backup battery power status and support other sensor requirements.

The architecture of the access control system includes

1.	Front-end reader (button type, RFID card reading type, fingerprint recognition type, face recognition type):
	Read the identity authentication data and transmit it to the access controller for comparison.
2.	Back-end access controller (TCP/IP networking type, RS485 networking type):
	Store/compare/upload legally entered and exited identity information Store/upload entry and exit records Responsible for communication with the backend host Control door lock switch
3.	The last backend host:

front-end reader

Front-end readers can be divided into: based on different identity authentication methods:

1.	Button type (using 8 bit, Cortex-M0 grade MCU)
	8bit: ML51 (low power consumption), N76E003 series Cortex-M0: NUC029 , M031 , M251 (low power consumption) series
2.	RFID card reading type (using 8bit, Cortex-M0/M4 grade MCU)
	8bit: ML51 (low power consumption), N76E003 series Cortex-M0: NUC029 , M031 , M251 (low power consumption) series Cortex-M4: M4521 , M480 series
3.	Fingerprint recognition type (using ARM9, Cortex-M4 grade MCU)
	Optical: ARM9 NUC970 series Capacitive: Cortex-M4 M480 series
4.	Face recognition type (using ARM9 grade MCU)
	ARM9: NUC970 series

back-end access controller

The back-end access control controller can be divided into: according to the different communication interfaces connected to the backend:

1.	TCP/IP (Ethernet) networking type (using ARM9, Cortex-M4 grade MCU)
	ARM9: NUC970 series Cortex-M4: M480 series
2.	RS485 networking type (using Cortex-M4 grade MCU)
	Cortex-M4: M480 , M4521 , M451 series

Stand-alone or separate access control system

Traditional access control systems mostly use RS485 to communicate with the backend. In recent years, almost all newly developed access control systems use Ethernet to communicate with the backend. Generally speaking, the access management of the entire building (managing multiple doors) mostly adopts a separated architecture (the reader is separated from the access controller, and one access controller controls multiple readers). However, in small commercial offices or residential apartments, Most of them adopt a stand-alone architecture (the reader and access control controller are integrated into one complete machine).

Access Controller – Nuvoton’s corresponding MCU development platform and its product features

1.	Why NUC970 series (ARM9 core) is suitable for access control controllers
	Sufficient packaged DDR memory to support system design needs (DDR size 16 / 32 / 64 / 128 MB) Supports NAND / SPI interface, external Flash size is not limited Support Linux operating system Hardware encryption and decryption engine accelerates the encryption and decryption process and reduces CPU burden Two-way Ethernet supports TCP/IP networking Up to 11 UARTs (and 2 ISO7816 UARTs) Supports two USB HS Hosts and external USB storage devices Supports two SD card storage devices Up to 8 ADCs can detect backup battery power status and support other sensor needs Supports RGB interface and i80 interface, can be connected to the screen
2.	Why the M480 series (Cortex-M4 core) is suitable for access control controllers
	Up to 192 MHz core speed, 512 KB Flash / 160 KB SRAM, sufficient memory space to support system design needs Support FreeRTOS / mbed operating system Ethernet 10 / 100 supports TCP / IP networking Up to 11 UARTs (6 x LPUART + 3 x ISO7816 UART + 2 x USCI UART) Hardware encryption and decryption engine accelerates the encryption and decryption process and reduces CPU burden Supports two USB OTG (high speed plus full speed), external USB storage device Supports two SD card storage devices (up to 2 x 32GB) Supports 5 channels of SPI and can be plugged into SPI Flash storage Supports EBI interface, can be plugged into SRAM storage (up to 3 x 1MB), or supports i80 LCD screen Up to 16 channels of ADC can detect backup battery power status and support other sensor requirements SPI M interface accelerates memory access and supports running program code on plug-in Flash