Technical Specification
Quarter
Brick
48Vin 2.5Vout 25A
High Efficiency, No Heatsink, Isolated DC/DC Converter
The PQ48025QNA25 PowerQor™ quarter brick
converter is a next-generation, board-mountable,
isolated, fixed switching frequency dc/dc
converter that uses synchronous rectification to
achieve extremely high conversion efficiency. The
power dissipated by the converter is so low that a
heatsink is not required, which saves cost, weight,
height, and application effort. All of the power and
control components are mounted to the multi-layer PCB
substrate with high-yield surface mount technology.
Since the PowerQor converter has no explicit
thermal connections, it is extremely reliable.
PQ48025QNA25 Module
Operational Features
• Ultra-high efficiency, 86% at full rated load current
• Delivers up to 25 amps of output current with mini-
mal derating - no heatsink required
• Wide input voltage range: 35V – 75V meets or
exceeds all 48V bus standards
• Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI
performance
• No minimum load requirement means no preload
resistors required
Protection Features
• Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at
low input voltage conditions
• Output current limit and short circuit protection
protects converter from excessive load current or
short circuits
• Output over-voltage protection protects load from
damaging voltages
• Thermal shutdown protects converter from abnor-
mal environmental conditions
Mechanical Features
• Industry standard pin-out configuration (pin for pin
compatible with Lucent QHW series)
• Industry standard size: 1.45” x 2.3”
• Total height less than 0.40”, permits better airflow
and smaller card pitch
• Total weight: 34 grams (1.2 oz.), lower mass great-
ly reduces vibration and shock problems
Control Features
• On/Off control referenced to input side (positive
and negative logic options are available)
• Remote sense for the output voltage compensates
for output distribution drops
• Output voltage trim: +10%/-20%, permits custom
voltages and voltage margining
Safety Features
• 2000V, 10 MΩ input-to-output isolation provides
input/output ground separation
• UL 1950 recognized (US & Canada), basic insula-
tion rating
• TUV certified to EN60950
Product # PQ48025QNA25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Safety Features (cont.)
• Meets 72/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives
which facilitates CE Marking in user’s end product
• Board and plastic components meet 94V-0 flamma-
bility requirements
Doc.# 005-2QN425D_B
9/5/01
Page 1
Technical Specification
Quarter
Brick
0.14
(3.6)
(58.4)
48Vin 2.5Vout 25A
2.30
(50.8)
2.00
0.300
0.150
(7.62)
(3.81)
(10.8)
0.43
(36.8)
1.45
(15.24)
0.600
Top View
(11.43)
0.450
(15.24)
0.600
0.300
(7.62)
0.110 *
(10.2)
0.40
(2.79)
Side View
* Other pin lengths available
Shown Actual Size
1) All dimensions in inches (mm)
2) Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040” (1.02mm) dia. with
0.080” (2.03mm) dia. standoff shoulders.
3) Pins 4 and 8 are 0.062” (1.57 mm) dia. with 0.100”
(2.54mm) dia. standoff shoulders.
4) All pins are Brass with Tin/Lead plating over Nickel
5) Tolerances: x.xx in. +/-0.02 in. (0.5mm)
x.xxx in. +/-0.010 in. (0.25mm)
6) Weight: 1.20 oz. (34 g)
7) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610B Class II
Pin No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Notes:
Name
Vin(+)
ON/OFF
Vin(-)
Vout(-)
SENSE(-)
TRIM
SENSE(+)
Vout(+)
Function
Positive input voltage (35V - 75V)
TTL input to turn converter
on and off, referenced to
Vin(-), with internal pull up.
Negative input voltage
Negative output voltage
Negative remote sense
1
Output voltage trim
2
Positive remote sense
3
Positive output voltage
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage:
Non-Operating: 100V continuous
Operating:
80V continuous
100V
10µs transients
,
1% duty cycyle
Input/Output Isolation Voltage: 2000V
Storage Temperature: -55°C to +125°C
Operating Temperature: -40°C to +115°C
Voltage at ON/OFF input pin: +18V / -2V
1. Pin 5 must be connected to Vout(-) at load.
2. Leave Pin 6 open for nominal output voltage.
3. Pin 7 must be connected to Vout(+) at load.
OPTIONS
The PQ48025QNA25 comes in two versions that differ by
the sense of the logic used for the ON/OFF control signal.
The PQ48025QNA25P version uses positive logic; mean-
ing that the converter is on when the ON/OFF signal (Pin
2) is high. The PQ48025QNA25N version uses negative
logic; the converter is on when the ON/OFF signal is low.
Logic input is TTL compatible with an internal pull up.
Patents:
SynQor is protected under various patents,
including but not limited to U.S. Patent # 5,999,417.
Product # PQ48025QNA25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
SAFETY
The PQ48025QNA25 series of converters are UL 1950
recognized (US & Canada) with basic insulation rating
and TUV certified to EN60950 requirements.
The converters also meet 72/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC
directives as well as 94V-0 flammability requirements for
board and plastic components.
An external input fuse must always be used to meet these
safety requirements.
Doc.# 005-2QN425D_B
9/5/01
Page 2
Technical Specification
Quarter
Brick
PQ48025QNA25 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(T
A
=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM, V
in
=48Vdc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40°C to +115°C ambient
temperature with appropriate power derating.)
48Vin 2.5Vout 25A
PARAMETER
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
NOTES and CONDITIONS
Min.
35
32
28.5
2.5
PQ48025QNA25
Typ.
48
33
29.5
3.5
45
1.6
.01
4
2.475
2.500
+2
+2
+13
50
10
30
56
78
100
190
500
180
4
200
86.0
88.0
125
125
125
2000
10
190
-2
2.4
2.4
-2
8
215
25,000
Max.
75
34
30.5
4.5
2.0
60
3
Units
V
V
V
V
A
mA
mA
A
2
s
mA
V
mV
mV
mV
V
mV
mV
A
A
A
dB
mV
mV
µs
ms
ms
µF
%
%
°C
°C
°C
V
M
Ω
pF
Operating Input Voltage Range
Input Under-Voltage Lockout
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Lockout Hysteresis Voltage
Maximum Input Current
No-Load Input Current
Off Converter Input Current
Inrush Current Transient Rating
Input Reflected-Ripple Current
100% Load, 35Vin
P-P thru 10µH inductor; Figures 13 & 15
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Set Point
Output Voltage Regulation
Over Load
Over Line
Over Temperature
Total Output Voltage Range
Output Voltage Ripple and Noise
Peak-to-Peak
RMS
Operating Output Current Range
Output DC Current-Limit Inception
Short-Circuit Protection (redundant shutdown)
Input Voltage Ripple Rejection
Output Voltage Current Transient
Positive Step Change in Output Current
Negative Step Change in Output Current
Settling Time to 1%
Turn-On Transient
Turn-On Time
Start-Up Inhibit Period
Maximum Output Capacitance
100% Load
50% Load
Semiconductor Junction Temperature
Board Temperature
Transformer Temperature
Isolation Voltage
Isolation Resistance
Isolation Capacitance
2.525
+5
+5
+38
2.57
100
20
25
34
60
over sample load, line and temperature
20MHz bandwidth; Figures 13 & 16
Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum
Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum
Output Voltage 10% Low; Figure 17
120 Hz; Figure 20
470µF load cap, 5A/µs; Figure 12
50% Io to 75% Io
75% Io to 50% Io
Figures 9 & 10
-40°C to +125°C; Figure F
Full load; 5% overshoot of V
out
at startup
Figure 1
Package rated to 150°C
Board rated to 165°C
Figures 5 & 7
2.43
0
26
52
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
EFFICIENCY
TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES
ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
470
210
230
0.8
18
18
0.8
Vin/6.5
40
122
125
9.2
+10
+10
127
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Switching Frequency
ON/OFF Control (Option P)
Off-State Voltage
On-State Voltage
ON/OFF Control (Option N)
Off-State Voltage
On-State Voltage
ON/OFF Control (Either Option)
Pull-Up Voltage
Pull-Up Resistance
Output Voltage Trim Range
Output Voltage Remote Sense Range
Output Over-Voltage Protection
Over-Temperature Shutdown
kHz
V
V
V
V
V
k
Ω
%
%
%
°C
See circuit diagram; Figure E
Pull up to Vin/6
Across Pins 8 & 4; Figures B & C
Across Pins 7 & 5
Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout
Average PCB Temperature
-20
117
Specifications subject to change without notice.
Product # PQ48025QNA25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Doc.# 005-2QN425D_B
9/5/01
Page 3
Performance Curves
Quarter
Brick
90
89
88
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
80
75
70
65
60
0
3
5
8
10
13
15
18
20
23
25
36 Vin
48 Vin
75 Vin
90
85
48Vin 2.5Vout 25A
87
86
85
84
83
82
0
Vin = 48V
25 C
40 C
55 C
100
200
300
400
500
Load Current (A)
Air Flow (LFM)
Figure 1:
Efficiency vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and
maximum input voltage at 25
°
C.
Figure 2:
Efficiency at 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient
air temperatures of 25
°
C, 40
°
C, and 55
°
C and nominal input voltage.
12
10
8.0
7.5
Power Dissipation (W)
Power Dissipation (W)
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
25 C
40 C
55 C
8
6
4
2
0
0
3
5
8
10
13
15
18
20
23
25
36 Vin
48 Vin
75 Vin
0
Vin = 48V
100
200
300
400
500
Load Current (A)
Air Flow (LFM)
Figure 3:
Power dissipation vs. load current for minimum, nominal,
and maximum input voltage at 25
°
C.
Figure 4:
Power dissipation at 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for
ambient air temperatures of 25
°
C, 40
°
C, and 55
°
C and nominal input
voltage.
25
20
I
out
(A)
15
10
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
5
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
0 LFM (0 m/s)
0
0
25
40
55
70
85
Vin = 48V
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 2°C of surface temperature
Ambient Air Temperature (
o
C)
Figure 5:
Maximum output power-derating curves vs. ambient air tem-
perature for airflow rates of 0 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing
across the converter from pin 3 to pin 1 (nominal input voltage).
Product # PQ48025QNA25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Figure 6:
Thermal plot of converter at 25 amp load current with 55
°
C
air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter
sideways from pin 3 to pin 1 (nominal input voltage).
Doc.# 005-2QN425D_B
9/5/01
Page 4
Performance Curves
Quarter
Brick
25
48Vin 2.5Vout 25A
20
I
out
(A)
15
10
400 LFM (2.0 m/s)
300 LFM (1.5 m/s)
5
200 LFM (1.0 m/s)
100 LFM (0.5 m/s)
0 LFM (0 m/s)
0
0
25
40
55
70
85
Vin = 48V
Ambient Air Temperature (
o
C)
Semiconductor junction temperature is
within 2°C of surface temperature
Figure 7:
Maximum output power-derating curves vs. ambient air tem-
perature for airflow rates of 0 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing
lengthwise from output to input (nominal input voltage).
Figure 8:
Thermal plot of converter at 24.3 amp load current with 55
°
C
air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter
in the long direction input to output (nominal input voltage).
Figure 9:
Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive load) (2
ms/div) Top Trace: Vout; 1V/div
Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input; 5V/div
Figure 10:
Turn-on transient at zero load current (2 ms/div).
Top Trace: Vout; 1V/div
Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input; 5V/div
Figure 11
:
Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%-50%
of Imax; dI/dt = 0.1A/µs). Load cap: 10µF, 100 m
Ω
ESR tantalum capacitor and 1µF
ceramic capacitor. Top trace: Vout (100mV/div), Bottom trace: Iout (5A/div).
Product # PQ48025QNA25
Phone 1-888-567-9596
Figure 12
: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%-50%
of Imax: dI/dt = 5A/µs). Load cap: 470µF, 30 m
Ω
ESR tantalum capacitor and 1µF
ceramic capacitor. Top trace: Vout (100mV/div), Bottom trace: Iout (5A/div).
Doc.# 005-2QN425D_B
9/5/01
Page 5
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