Generally, it is very difficult to detect DC current at the high voltage side. Most commercially available high-end current-sensing ICs work well at 30V or 40V, and newer devices (such as the MAX4080 / 4081 ) are capable of sensing supplies up to 76V. If you need to work at a higher voltage, you can use a current-sense amplifier combined with an optocoupler. High voltages are limited by the isolation voltage the optocoupler can withstand ( Figure 1 ).
Figure 1. The output voltage V OUT = I SHUNT (4.80V/A), referenced to ground , is proportional to the high-side load current. In its current configuration, the circuit can measure load currents up to 1A.
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