Please be sure to remember that the wire sequence of the soldering iron must be correct before inserting it, otherwise the chip will be burned if the 24V is grounded or connected to other interfaces of the microcontroller.
Someone sent me a private message saying that after flashing the firmware, it was very stuck. I had to press and hold for more than ten seconds to enter the menu. There are two reasons:
1: The crystal oscillator or starting capacitor is not soldered properly.
2: The new 328p chips need to be programmed with BL programs, which will use USBisp. Use USBisp to check the fuse bits online. The fuses have control bits that control the external clock and internal clock.
My picture seems wrong. Please check it. You can also read the fuse bit of UNO and then program it.
Most of the problems are caused by the second problem. There is no need to start the external clock, which leads to special lag and slowness.
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