Lichuang smart car

Functional requirements:
As an electric vehicle, lights, horns, electric wheels, and battery packs are essential. Regarding the intelligent part, tracking, obstacle avoidance, and remote control are basic functions. Today, with the rapid development of intelligent hardware, there are various ways to implement the above functions. There are various technical solutions, but traditional infrared tracking, ultrasonic obstacle avoidance, and Bluetooth transparent transmission are still suitable for entry-level learning.
Hardware solution
1. Main control: Based on Lichuang·Liangshanpai development board, its main control chip is GD32F450ZGT6 from domestic GigaDevice; 2. Motor: select 4 N20 motors 3. Motor driver chip: RZ7899, with simple control logic , small chip, low standby current and other advantages; 4. Ultrasonic module: HC-SR04 ultrasonic module, which is cheap and simple in principle. It only uses 2 signal pins. There is abundant information on the Internet, making it convenient for novices to learn and use the function; 5. Bluetooth remote control module: HC-05 Bluetooth module, suitable for short-distance remote control solutions, easy for novices to use; 6. Battery: 2 14500 batteries;
circuit design
1. Power supply circuit
power is connected to the lithium battery through the battery holder P1 and then supplied to the car powered by. After the power comes in, it is stepped down by the buck chip to obtain a 5V voltage to power the development board. D1 is a Schottky diode, its function is to prevent the positive and negative poles of the power input terminal from being connected reversely, and serves as a protection circuit.
2. Motor
drive module uses rz7899 to drive TTl motor
3. Tracking circuit
The principle of infrared tracking: the principle of using the reflection of infrared light in different colors to identify

and detect black lines is that the infrared emission tube emits light to The ground, when the infrared light encounters the white ground, it is reflected. The infrared receiving tube receives the reflected light and outputs a low level after passing through the voltage comparator.


The principle of detecting black lines is that the infrared transmitting tube emits light to the ground. When the infrared light encounters the black ground, it is absorbed. The infrared receiving tube does not receive the reflected light and outputs a high level after passing through the voltage comparator.

4. Obstacle avoidance circuit The
obstacle avoidance circuit uses the ultrasonic HC-SR04 module. There is a problem with the PCB drawing
on the physical display
, and two wires are flying.