Near-space atmospheric temperature wireless monitor

This disposable near-space atmospheric environment monitor, carried by high-altitude balloons and long-range drones, collects upper-level atmospheric data and performs radio telemetry and data downlink at a range of 30km.
It enables: real-time temperature monitoring and downlink, real-time video signal downlink, real-time GPS location information downlink, and remote telemetry.
Due to the difficulty of equipment recovery, this device is designed as a low-cost, disposable item with a working time of 3 hours.
Project significance: It enables long-distance sensor reading, low-cost long-distance image transmission, high-altitude image capture, and sensor information acquisition, providing a fun and engaging experience.
Materials: One AV analog camera, one 433.92MHz or 315MHz F05R wireless transmitter module, one domestic TP1107 chip, one GPS module (serial port output), one microcontroller (model not specified, can be replaced according to available resources), and several other components.
Circuit working principle:
1. Data downlink: Using the domestic TP1107 data transmission chip, the microcontroller's serial port data is encoded and transmitted to the ground via radio at a frequency of 433MHz. The ground terminal uses a domestically produced TP2210 kit to connect to a computer for network reception.
2. Video transmission section: The transmission principle is AV analog signal wireless television transmission, which has good effect and long reception distance.
To ensure the normal operation of the camera module in low-pressure and low-temperature environments, this project selects a fully glue-sealed automotive-grade high-definition camera module:
   The analog television image signal is modulated onto the radio frequency carrier through amplitude modulation and frequency modulation. After the receiver separates the received signal, it amplifies the image signal separately, and finally decodes and converts it to present the image we see.
   The circuit uses a domestically produced crystal oscillator module F05R to generate a frequency of 433.92MHz or 315MHz as the carrier signal. The signal output from the AV analog camera is mixed and amplified by transistors (2sc3356) Q1 and Q2 and transmitted to the ground terminal through the antenna. The ground terminal uses software-defined radio SDR for decoding, combined with TVsharper software for decoding and viewing. Most home LCD TVs retain a TV radio frequency input interface, which can also be used for image reception.
The sensor can be a DHT11 temperature sensor, an N6M GPS sensor, etc.
Outer Shell:
To achieve weight reduction and heat insulation, the outer shell uses a 3D-printed frame, with six sides covered with aluminized polyester film and fiberglass fabric to insulate and protect the internal circuitry.
3D-printed Frame:
Assembled Product:
Internal:
Video Signal Waveform:
Modulation Signal Frequency:
 
Because the SDR TVsharper software can only decode black and white images, the image transmission receiver in this project has been changed to an analog TV box, priced at 15 yuan, which inputs an RF signal and outputs a video signal.
Image Transmission Video Reception:
Data Transmission Receiver: Domestic TP2210:
Serial Port Wireless Reception of GPS Information and Other Data:
The atmospheric environment wireless monitor is now complete.
For testing convenience, the sample circuit board has been temporarily disassembled into multiple small boards for prototyping, with functions consistent with the open-source circuit diagram. Due to weather and airspace restrictions, field flight is temporarily not possible.