JALDEbWK

Sound & light controlled lights

Overview

**一．项目介绍**
随着社会的不断进步，人们对低碳生活逐步认识和接受，并从很多方面开始关注，尤其是在环保上做出了很多努力。利用声音和光线的强弱来控制开关的断开或者闭合的电子产品来能够有效的降低能耗，节约能源。它不仅适用于住宅区的楼道，而且适用于工厂、办公室、教学楼等公共场所。因此，声光控制开关，在我们的低碳生活中，将起到重要作用。

**二．硬件总体设计方案**
1.设计原理
![图片3.png]

在电源电路，首先将220V的交流电压经过15V变压器变成15交流电，再经LM7812、LM7912和LM7805转换成±12V与5V直流电源，电源电路给声控电路、光控电路、STC89C52单片机最小系统电路以及继电器驱动；声控电路通过话驻极体话筒将声音转化成电信号，经电容耦合到三极管的基极，通过控制三极管的饱和、截止来控制输出电平的高低，然后输送到单片机；光控电路通过光照改变光敏电阻的阻值大小来控制三极管的饱和、截止，在经过LM358的运放来控制电平的高低，再输送到单片机；单片机根据声控电路、光控电路输入的信号来判断继电器的断开或者连接，单片机也控制继电器连接的延迟时间。单片机的输出的电流比较小，不能够驱动继电器的闭合断开，继电器驱动由三极管组成给单片机的输出电流进行补偿，来驱动继电器的闭合。

2.硬件构成
本系统采用51单片机+光敏电阻+继电器+指示灯+驻极体话筒+LM393电压比较器设计而成。

3.PCB设计图
![PCB.png]

4.元器件布局图
![2.png]

5. 实物图
![实物图-正面.jpg]

![实物图-反面.jpg]

**三.运行代码**
#include
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
sbit GM=P1^0;
sbit shengyin=P1^4;
sbit relay=P3^4;
void delay_1ms(uint x)
{
uint i,j;
for(i=0;ifor(j=0;j<120;j++);
}
void work()
{
static uint value,miao;
if(GM==0)
{
delay_1ms(1);
if(GM==0)
{
if(shengyin==0)
{
relay=0;
miao = 0;
value = 0;
}
}
}
if(relay == 0)
{
value ++;
if(value >= 1000)
{
value = 0;
miao ++;
if(miao >= 10)
{
miao = 0;
relay = 1;
}
}
}
}
void main()
{
while(1)
{
work();
delay_1ms(1);
}
}

**四．使用说明及功能介绍**
1.继电器吸合模拟开灯、继电器断开模拟关灯、发光二极管为开灯指示灯，继电器后面的接线柱可以接220V电灯。
2.利用光敏传感器感应光线亮暗变化，通过LM393电压比较器判断光线强弱，有光线强弱指示灯，当光线弱时指示灯点亮，光线强时指示灯灭，能很清楚的知道光敏传感器接收到外界光线强弱的变化。
3.采用驻极体话筒判断是否有声音，当感应到有声音小灯会亮，否则熄灭，这样能很清楚的知道传感器是否感应到声音。
4.当光线变暗并且感应到有声音时，继电器会吸合小灯点亮模拟开灯。智能延时，当没有人了会延时10秒后自动把灯关了(继电器断开)。从而实现节能智能控制。当光线比较强时并且感应有声音时，继电器是不会吸合的。
5.当光线变暗并且连续感应到有声音时，会继续延时10秒，直到没有声音才会延时关闭继电器模拟关灯。
6.每一个传感器都有对应的指示灯，可以很清楚的知道每一个传感器的工作状态，方便实用。
7.采用智能延时关灯，即能自动实现开关灯又可以节能，更环保。

Design Files

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It is your responsibility to test the circuit yourself and determine its suitability for you. EEWorld will not be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential or punitive damages arising from any cause or anything connected to any reference design used.

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Update:2025-06-19 19:34:20

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