This is the best DSC ever! It's the perfect fit for AI system control!
Article Overview
This article introduces
Microchip
's
dsPIC33A
Digital Signal Controller (
DSC
)
, a high-performance real-time control and edge intelligence platform
designed specifically for
the AI
era
. This controller integrates a high-speed
DSP
engine, a double-precision
FPU
,
an
AI-
grade safety module, and leading analog peripherals,
providing
a core real-time control solution
for scenarios such as
AI
server power supplies, edge
AI/ML
, and intelligent sensing
. Furthermore,
the dsPIC33A DSC
, with its powerful parallel processing capabilities and instruction set designed specifically for machine learning, is an ideal choice for edge
AI/ML
applications.
AI is reshaping the future of data centers, power architectures, industrial automation, and smart devices. From the high-power-density power supplies of large AI servers to the real-time sensing and intelligent decision-making of edge devices, the demands on computing performance, energy efficiency, response speed, and security are increasing dramatically.
The Digital Signal Controller ( DSC ) serves as the " real-time brain of an AI system + high-speed sensing front-end + secure and reliable execution core." It's not used to train large models, but rather to enable AI systems to "see faster, calculate more accurately, and react more promptly" in the real world. The DSC plays several key roles in AI server power supplies, edge AI/ML, and intelligent sensing .
Guest Introduction:
Leo Wang , Marketing Development Manager , dsPIC Business Unit
Leo Wang is currently the Marketing Development Manager for the dsPIC Business Unit at Microchip Technology Inc.'s Shanghai branch . He joined Microchip in 2008 and has over 20 years of experience in the MCU/DSC industry . Prior to that, he worked at Renesas Electronics, where he provided technical support and promoted MCU products.
Wang Anming has extensive experience in marketing and promotion, having previously been responsible for markets such as electricity meters, industrial control, motor drives, and digital power supplies. Currently, he is in charge of the promotion and marketing of digital power supply products in China at Microchip .
First, software complexity continues to increase, requiring engineers to handle more algorithms, more modules, and more complex system architectures.
Secondly, energy efficiency requirements are constantly increasing. Whether it is motors, power supplies or chargers, they are all developing towards higher efficiency and higher power density.
At the same time, the importance of functional safety and information security is rapidly increasing, especially in automotive, industrial and consumer products.
Furthermore, systems are increasingly inclined to have a single controller handle multiple tasks, which requires MCUs to have higher performance, lower latency, and higher integration. These trends have collectively driven the emergence of the next generation of DSCs .
Take the common 3P3Z compensator as an example:
-
The early dsPIC33FJ required 1.84 microseconds .
-
The dsPIC33EP speed dropped to 0.89 microseconds .
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The dsPIC33C further reduced the time to 0.57 microseconds .
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The latest dsPIC33A requires only 0.133 microseconds .
This means that the control loop delay is reduced by more than 4 times , which is a huge improvement for high-speed applications such as digital power supplies and motor control.
The dsPIC33A DSC helps users fully realize the potential of their embedded systems. These powerful controllers are ideal for a wide range of real-time control applications because they deliver high performance and accuracy. These DSCs combine the capabilities of a digital signal processor and a microcontroller to handle complex algorithms and guarantee low-latency response. They feature a powerful 32- bit CPU running at 200 MHz . The dsPIC33A provides the reliability and adaptability users need for success, whether creating advanced sensing solutions, digital power supplies, or motor control systems.
Users can leverage the integrated peripherals and security features of the dsPIC33A to enhance their designs. These controllers offer high-speed analog-to-digital converters ( ADCs ) , digital-to-analog converters (DACs) , and advanced hardware safety mechanisms to meet stringent functional safety standards.
characteristic
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32 -bit CPU , running at 200 MHz
-
Double-precision floating-point unit (DP-FPU)
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High-speed 12 -bit ADC and DAC
-
Advanced hardware security features
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Low-latency interrupt response
-
Comprehensive development tools and support
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Integrated peripherals for motor control and digital power supplies
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Enhanced pipeline and speculative instruction extraction
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Functional safety preparation ( ISO 26262 , IEC 61508 , IEC 60730 )
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Compliant with AEC-Q100 automotive application certification
The interrupt entry speed of the dsPIC33A is 2.38 times that of a general-purpose MCU .
This is thanks to:
-
Multiple working registers
-
Single-step ISR switching mechanism
Compared to general-purpose MCUs that require multiple push/pop operations , the dsPIC33A can enter interrupts faster, making it suitable for timing-sensitive applications, such as:
-
Overcurrent protection
-
Motor commutation
-
Digital power fast loop
The dsPIC33AK series chips support capacitive touch functionality and have an integrated on-chip touch controller (ITC) module, which mainly has the following functions:
-
It is equipped with a dedicated hardware engine to handle capacitive sensing, which does not require CPU resources and improves operating efficiency.
-
It provides a pre-defined, hard-coded touch detection process for beginners, lowering the development threshold.
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Supports users' innovative needs, allowing them to define their own capacitive sensing detection logic and processes.
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It can be adapted to multiple trigger sources and supports flexible configuration of capacitance parameters to meet the touch needs of different scenarios.
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The speed of touch signal acquisition and processing is improved by using a 40MHz high-speed ADC , reducing the response latency of touch operations.
-
By leveraging software-coded sequence logic, sensor signal processing can be completed automatically, simplifying the development process.
With the help of this ITC module, users can flexibly complete touch and sensor-related designs.
Some trends in the development of AI server power supplies:
-
For example, higher energy efficiency, with peak efficiency improved from Platinum to Titanium, and now to Titanium Plus.
-
With ever-increasing power density, a single power supply cabinet can now provide more than 30KW of power .
-
Higher performance requires faster processing speeds to meet the demands of large-scale computing power.
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Strengthen security requirements, including sensitive data handling, identity verification, and prevention of cyberattacks / data breaches, etc.
The dsPIC33AK series chips can well meet the power requirements of the above AI servers:
For example, on-chip hardware encryption and security modules
Industry-leading digital power control peripherals, including a 40M high-speed ADC , high-precision PWM , 78ps resolution, 100M bandwidth on-chip op-amps, and analog comparators with a response speed of up to 5ns , etc.
A 200MHz CPU speed, combined with a single-precision or double-precision FPU , can accelerate digital loop execution, reduce latency, and increase system power density.
With its integrated DSP capabilities, optimized ML library, and low-latency design, the dsPIC series of DSCs is an ideal choice for edge AI/ML applications, especially suitable for embedded applications that require high real-time performance, high computing power, and high-precision control.
A single instruction can simultaneously perform two data prefetches, two address updates, one accumulator operation, and one write-back. This parallel processing capability is the key to the dsPIC33AK's high efficiency in ML computing.
The right side lists some DSP instruction sets. These instructions are designed for common operations in machine learning , such as multiplication and accumulation, and difference of squares. They can efficiently implement core operations such as convolution and matrix multiplication.
Editor's Note
As introduced in this issue, in intelligent edge systems, a high-performance DSC is essentially a fusion of the real-time control capabilities of a general-purpose MCU and the data processing capabilities of a DSP . At the edge, it resolves the contradiction of " both responding to the physical world in real time and running intelligent algorithms . " The essence of its selection lies in whether a balance is achieved between " control precision " and " algorithm density " within a single chip . Using this standard, it becomes easier to understand why the dsPIC33A is so powerful. Feel free to leave a comment and share your thoughts with the DigiKey team!
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