Voltage regulation and timing controller circuit

This is a dual-purpose voltage regulation and timing controller with a simple circuit, easy production, and easy use. Its indicators are: voltage regulation range 30-215V AC, timing 5-60 minutes, power 500W. It can adjust voltage (dimming, temperature adjustment, speed adjustment) or shut down at scheduled times for various household appliances. (Webmaster’s reminder: The “voltage regulation” function must not be used for electrical appliances that use switching power supplies! Such as computers, color TVs, mobile phone chargers, etc.) Working Principle 　　　　　　　　　　The circuit principle of this dual-purpose controller is shown in Figure 1. When the voltage regulation and timing selection switch S2 is set to 1, NE555, S, C3, RP2 and VS form a timing control circuit. When in use, press AN and C3 will discharge quickly through R2 and AN. At this time, terminals ② and ⑥ of NE555 are high level, terminal ③ outputs low level, the triac VS is turned on, and the output socket CZ has voltage output. . The DC power supply charges C3 through RP2 and R3. After C3 is fully charged, the voltage of terminals ② and ⑥ of NE555 is reduced to 1/3 of the DC power supply voltage. At this time, NE555 is set, terminal ③ outputs high level, VS is cut off, and CZ No voltage output. When switch S is set to 2, NE555, RP1, R1, C2, etc. form a trigger pulse generating circuit. The ③ terminal of NE555 outputs a trigger pulse with a frequency of about 13Hz and an adjustable duty cycle. Adjusting RP1 can change the width of the trigger pulse, and then use this pulse to control the conduction angle of VS, so that the output voltage on CZ changes with the change of the conduction angle, thereby achieving the purpose of voltage regulation. The function of VD1 is to keep the oscillation period unchanged and trigger pulse width to change when adjusting RP1. C5, VDW, and VD2 form a step-down and rectifier circuit to provide a DC operating voltage of about 12V for NE555. C5 is a step-down capacitor. R2 and R4 are current limiting resistors. The component selection and production component list is shown in the table below. No. Name Model Quantity R1 Resistor 47K 1 R2 Resistor 100Ω 1 R3 Resistor 100K 1 R4 Resistor 470Ω 1 RP1 Potentiometer 1M Linear potentiometer 1 RP2 Potentiometer 3.3M Linear potentiometer 1 C1 Electrolytic capacitor 470uF 1 C2 Polyester capacitor 0.1u 1 C3 Electrolytic Capacitor 1000uF 1 C4 Polyester capacitor 0.01u 1 C5 Metallized capacitor 0.47uF Withstand voltage ≥400V 1 VD1 Switching diode IN4148 1 VD2 Rectifier diode IN4007 1 VDW Zener diode 12V 1 VS Triac 3A 600V 1 IC time base circuit NE555 1 S transfer switch 1×2 small toggle switch 1 CZ power socket 10A 250V 1 RP2 is used to adjust the timing time. After installation, the scale can be marked on the casing according to the relationship between time and angle. After the dual-purpose controller is installed, as long as genuine components that meet the requirements are selected and the installation is correct, it can generally work normally without debugging.